NKOMATI ANTHRACITE (PTY) LIMITED - Sentula Mining

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Environmental Impact Assessment Report: Nkomati Anthracite (Pty) Limited, Madadeni Opencast Mining Project Page 28 All the boreholes show elevated concentrations of magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl) and sodium (Na). The high concentrations most probably derived from the geology as the groundwater in the sandstone of the Vryheid Formation (Ecca Group) is usually high in sodium, magnesium and chloride, which typifies dissolution environments. Chloride is of concern in domestic water supplies, because elevated concentrations impart a salty taste to water and accelerate the corrosion rate of metals. Chloride is only detectable by taste and at concentrations >1200mg/l water get unacceptably salty and nausea and disturbance of the electrolyte balance can occur, especially in infants. Chloride also accelerates the corrosion rate of iron and certain other metals well below the concentration at which it is detectable by taste. The taste threshold for sodium in water varies from 135 - 200 mg/l, depending on the associated anion. Sodium intake can exacerbate certain disease conditions. An excess in magnesium is also a health hazard, and together with calcium it is responsible for scaling problems caused by deposits of carbonates in appliances. None of the groundwater samples contain elevated concentrations of sulphate or nitrate. Nitrate in drinking water is primarily a health concern in that it can be readily converted in the gastrointestinal tract to nitrite as a result of bacterial reduction 1 , while sulphate is the most reliable indicator of pollution emanating from coal mining. From the above chemical analysis an overall assumption can be made that the groundwater sampled in the proposed mining area is not of good quality and thus not acceptable for domestic use. 1 South African Water Quality Guidelines Volume 1, Second Edition 1996. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. NKOMATI ANTHRACITE (PTY) LIMITED COMPILED BY GEOVICON ENVIRONMENTAL (PTY) LTD
Environmental Impact Assessment Report: Nkomati Anthracite (Pty) Limited, Madadeni Opencast Mining Project Page 29 NKOMATI ANTHRACITE (PTY) LIMITED Table 13: Results of major cation and anion analyses Sample Nr. SRW1 SRW2 SRW3 SW5 SW6 SW7 BH2 BH3 BH4 BH5 BH6 BH7 BH9 BH10 Class I Class II Ca 12.80 12.60 12.60 49.50 113.00 87.90 17.90 12.80 112.00 60.60 9.40 121.00 218.00 170.00 150 300 Mg 11.80 11.70 11.60 54.20 172.00 134.00 14.80 21.80 16.00 80.00 38.60 178.00 138.00 88.70 70 100 Na 35.30 36.40 36.30 459.00 640.00 331.00 120.00 194.00 923.00 175.00 525.00 275.00 221.00 763.00 200 400 K 1.27 1.22 1.22 5.63 7.94 4.63 3.14 2.81 5.71 18.20 3.41 8.10 2.98 8.02 50 100 Mn 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.10 0.31 0.00 0.04 0.70 0.07 2.39 0.1 1 Fe 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 1.96 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.09 0.82 0.2 2 F 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.00 1.70 0.34 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.54 1 1.5 NO3 0.80 0.00 1.02 5.76 0.00 8.85 0.00 0.89 0.00 37.19 0.75 0.49 25.23 0.00 44 88 Al 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.3 0.5 HCO3 118.83 121.60 119.22 395.88 636.56 438.18 90.72 255.58 23.17 704.50 149.08 130.46 535.43 371.65 - - Cl 37.00 37.00 38.00 281.00 487.00 808.00 212.00 262.00 1629.00 221.00 800.00 1124.00 740.00 1665.00 200 600 SO4 11.60 11.10 11.00 618.00 1347.00 86.00 7.60 2.10 170.00 38.70 173.00 2.00 70.20 14.00 400 600 TDS by sum 200.00 202.00 200.00 1828.00 3250.00 1834.00 480.00 700.00 3254.00 1054.00 1820.00 2034.00 1868.00 3428.00 1000 2400 M-Alk(CaCO3) 99.00 101.00 99.00 335.00 531.00 366.00 76.00 213.00 19.00 579.00 138.00 107.00 440.00 305.00 - - pH 8.22 8.13 8.12 8.53 8.27 8.30 8.34 8.24 6.45 7.45 9.12 6.79 7.43 7.10 5.0 - 9.5 4.0 - 10.0 EC 31.10 31.80 31.70 266.00 442.00 313.00 81.60 121.00 593.00 172.00 306.00 364.00 314.00 573.00 150 370 Cat/An Bal. % Notes Yellow = Class I Tan = Class II -1.50 -1.40 -1.60 -1.10 -4.60 -3.40 -1.60 -3.40 -2.70 -4.30 -4.30 -1.50 0.60 -4.00 - - exceeds maximum allowable drinking water standard na- not analysed All concentrations are presented in mg/l, EC is presented in mS/m 0 = below detection limit of analytical technique COMPILED BY GEOVICON ENVIRONMENTAL (PTY) LTD
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NKOMATI ANTHRACITE (PTY) LIMITED - Sentula Mining

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