Seafood ChoiCeS

Seafood Choices: Balancing Benefits and Risks
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11762.html
APPENDIX A
Bioaccumulative pollutants Substances that increase in concentration in
living organisms as they take in contaminated air, water, or food because
they are very slowly metabolized or excreted
Biomagnification The process by which the concentration of toxic substances
increases in each successive link in the food chain
Body burden The total amount of a chemical in the human body or in human
tissue from exposure to contaminants in the environment
Boston naming test A type of picture-naming vocabulary test used in the
examination of children with learning disabilities and the evaluation of
brain-injured adults
Calcarine fissure A narrow groove in the mesial surface of the occipital
lobe of the cerebrum
Case-control study An epidemiological and observational study in which
persons are selected because they have a specific disease or other outcome
(cases) and are compared to a control (referent comparison) group without
the disease to evaluate whether there is a difference in the frequency of
exposure to possible disease risk factors; also termed a retrospective study
or case referent study
Cerebellum A region of the brain that plays an important role in the
integration of sensory perception and motor output
Chloracne A severe skin condition with acne-like lesions that occur mainly
on the face and upper body after exposure to high doses of dioxin and
dioxin-like compounds
Cholesterol The chief sterol in all animal tissues, especially brain, nerve,
adrenal cortex, and liver; it functions as a constituent of bile and as a
precursor of vitamin D; cholesterol circulates in the blood as lipoprotein,
in combination with protein and other blood lipids
Ciguatera A natural toxin occurring sporadically in certain fish harvested
from specific tropical to subtropical regions (i.e., South Florida, the
Caribbean, and Hawaii)
Clostridium botulinum (C. botulinum) A specific microorganism
that, under anaerobic conditions and thermal abuse, can produce an
extremely potent toxin (destroyed by sufficient heating); produces spores
that can be hazardous to babies, individuals on antibiotic therapy, or
immunocompromised individuals
Cochrane review Systematic literature reviews based on the best available
information about health care interventions. They explore the evidence
for and against the effectiveness and appropriateness of treatments
(medications, surgery, education, etc.) in specific circumstances
Complex mixture A mixture that is a combination of many chemicals, has
a commonly known generic name, and is naturally occurring; a fraction
of a naturally occurring mixture that results from a separation process;
or a modification of a naturally occurring mixture or a modification of
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