From Every Si<strong>de</strong> Armed with a Cross Sign. A Crusa<strong>de</strong>r’s (?) Sword from … Seitz 1965 - Heribert Seitz, Blankwaffen I. Geschichte und Typenentwicklung im europäischen Kulturbereich Von <strong>de</strong>r prähistorischen Zeit bis zum En<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>s 16. Jahrhun<strong>de</strong>rts, Braunschweig, 1965. Smail 1956 - Raymond C. Smail, Crusading Warfare (1097-1193), Cambridge, 1956. Smail 1982 - Raymond C. Smail, The Predicaments of Guy of Lusignan, 1183-1187, [in:] Outremer. Studies in the History of the Crusading Kingdom of Jerusalem, eds. H. E. Mayer, B. Z. Kedar, R. C. Smail, Jerusalem, 1982, pp. 183-187. Smith 1975 - Whitney Smith, Flags Through the Ages and Across the World, Mai<strong>de</strong>nhead, 1975. van Steenbergen 2003 - John van Steenbergen, The Alexandrian Crusa<strong>de</strong> (1365) and the Mamlūk sources, [in:] East and West in the Crusa<strong>de</strong>r States: Context, Contacts, Confrontations, III, eds. U. Vermeulen, J. van Steenbergen, Leuven, 2003, pp. 123- 137. Stossek 2001 - Balázs Stossek, Maisons et possessions <strong>de</strong>s Templiers en Hongrie, [in:] The Crusa<strong>de</strong>s and the Military Or<strong>de</strong>rs. Expanding the Frontiers of medieval Latin Christianity, eds. Z. Hunyadi, J. Laszlovszky, Budapest, 2001, pp. 245-251. Szczur 1998 - Stanisław Szczur, Krakowski zjazd monarchów w 1364 roku, in Roczniki Historyczne, 64, 1998, pp. 35-57. Šercer 1976 - Marija Šercer, Mačevi, bo<strong>de</strong>ži, noževi u Povijesnom muzeju Hrvatske, in Katalog izložbi, 14, Zagreb, 1976. Thomas 2003 - Clive Thomas, A Distinctive Group of Swords from the Arsenal of Alexandria, in Park Lane Arms Fair Catalogue, 20, 2003, p. 29-44. Upton-Ward 1994 - Judith Mary Upton-Ward, The Surren<strong>de</strong>r of Gaston and the Rule of the Templars, [in:] The Military Or<strong>de</strong>rs: Fighting for the Faith and Caring for the Sick, ed. M. Barber, Al<strong>de</strong>rshot, 1994, pp. 179-188. Vardy, Grosschmid, Domokos 1986 - Steven Béla Vardy, Géza Grosschmid, Leslie S. Domokos, Louis the Great. King of Hungary and Poland, New York, 1986. Veszprémy 2001 - László Veszprémy, Some remarks on recent Hungarian historiography of the crusa<strong>de</strong> of Nicopolis (1396), [in:] The Crusa<strong>de</strong>s and the Military Or<strong>de</strong>rs. Expanding the Frontiers of medieval Latin Christianity, ed. Z. Hunyadi, J. Laszlovszky, Budapest, 2001, pp. 223-230. <strong>de</strong> Vries 1999 - Kelly <strong>de</strong> Vries, The Lack of a Western European Military Response to the Ottoman Invasions of Eastern Europe from Nicopolis (1396) to Mohács (1526), in Journal of Military History, 63, 1999, pp. 539-559. <strong>de</strong> Vries 2003 - Kelly <strong>de</strong> Vries, The Battle of Nicopolis, in Medieval History, 2, 2003, pp. 22- 27. Woodcock, Robinson 1988 - Thomas Woodcock, John Martin Robinson, The Oxford Gui<strong>de</strong> to Heraldry, Oxford, 1988. Wyrozumski 1986 - Jerzy Wyrozumski, Kazimierz Wielki, Wrocław-Warszawa-Kraków- Gdańsk-Łódź, 1986. Zajączkowski 1929 - Stanisław Zajączkowski, Wilhelm <strong>de</strong> Machaut i jego wiadomości do dziejów Polski i Litwy w XIV w., in Kwartalnik Historyczny, 43, 1929, pp. 217-228. Zorzi 1992 - La Sala Baronale <strong>de</strong>l Castello <strong>de</strong>lla Manta, ed. Renzo Zorzi, Milan, 1992. 67
68 Arkadiusz MICHALAK Fig. 1: Swords connected with the Crusa<strong>de</strong>s: 1 - Sword found in Santok, Poland, probably belonging to Ottokar II of Bohemia, 2 nd half of the 13 th cent.; 2 - Pommel of the sword found in the River Tina, Prussia, 14 th cent.; 3 - Bronze sword pommel of Pierre <strong>de</strong> Dreux, Duke of Brittany and Earl of Richmont who went on Crusa<strong>de</strong> in 1238 and 1249; 4 - Sword hilt from limestone effigy of Jean d’Alluye (died c. 1248), who went to the Holy Land in 1241, from the Abbey of La Clarte-Dieu (1 after Bohm 1924; 2 after Chodyński 2003; 3 after Grancsay 1939; 4 after Nickel 1991) Fig. 2: Sword from the collection of Hungarian National Museum in Budapest (drawing by J. Kę<strong>de</strong>lska after photos from Archive of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of the Polish Aca<strong>de</strong>my of Science, Łódź Branch)
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Studia Universitas Cibiniensis •
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FOREWORD The importance of intereth
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