Sediment Quality in Puget Sound Year 2 - Center for Coastal ...

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samples were collected primarily in Sinclair and Dyes Inlets, inner Elliott Bay, and the Duwamish. Relationships between Benthic Infaunal Indices and Sediment Characteristics, Toxicity, and Chemical Concentrations The statistical relationships between indices of benthic community structure and selected sediment characteristics were calculated using Spearman rank correlations. These correlations were used to determine if any of the measures of benthic community structure co-varied with any of the sediment characteristics quantified in this study. Measures of naturally occurring sediment variables such as grain size and total organic carbon (Table 24), toxicity (Table 25), and concentrations of chemical contaminants (Table 26-32) were included in the correlations with benthic infauna indices. Benthic Infauna Indices vs. Grain Size and Total Organic Carbon Typically, concentrations of trace metals tend to increase with increased percent fines, and high concentrations of organic compounds are related to higher total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations. Since higher concentrations of toxic compounds such as trace metals and organic compounds are generally expected to be related to decreased benthic community abundance and variability, higher concentrations of fines and organic carbon are also expected to be related to decreased abundance and diversity. Most of the indices of benthic infauna abundance and diversity followed the expected pattern, with statistically significant decreases correlated with increasing percent fine-grained particles and TOC content (Table 24). Taxa richness, Swartz's Dominance Index, mollusc abundance, and miscellaneous taxa abundance displayed the highest significant negative correlations with both percent fines and TOC (rho=-0.358 to -0.374, pO.001 and rho=-0.4 1 to -0.66, pg.000 1 ). Inverse correlations were also apparent between total abundance vs. percent fines, evenness vs. TOC, and arthropod abundance vs. both percent fines and TOC, but at a lower level of significance (rho=-0.219, p0.05 and -0.26 to -0.3 16, pO.01). Relationships between total abundance vs. TOC, Pielou's evenness vs. percent fines, and annelid and echinoderm abundance vs. both percent fines and TOC were not significant. Benthic Infauna Indices vs. Toxicity Examination of Table 25 indicated the following relationships between benthic infauna indices and toxicity. None of the indices of benthic structure were significantly correlated with percent amphipod survival. Percent urchin fertilization showed a highly significant negative correlation with annelid abundance (rho=-0.39 1, pO.000 1) and to a lesser extent with total abundance (rho=-0.29, ~9.01). That is, as percent fertilization decreased in laboratory tests (i.e., increasing toxicity), the abundance of annelids and all organisms in the benthic samples increased. These negative correlations were counter to what would be expected, and may be related to very high numbers of toxicant-tolerant species of annelids, such as Aphelochaeta, in some of the samples. Results of the microbial bioluminescence tests were positively correlated with taxa richness (rho=0.306, pg.Ol), Swartz's Dominance Index (rho=0.257, pO.Ol), and the abundance of molluscs (rho=0.286, pg.Ol), but negatively correlated with the abundance of echinoderms (rho=-0.285, pO.01). These correlations indicated that as MicrotoxTM EC50 values decreased Page 42
(i.e., increasing toxicity), there were decreases in taxa richness, the numbers of species that were dominant, and the abundance of molluscs. Echinoderm abundance, however, decreased as toxicity decreased. Benthic indices would be expected to decrease as cytochrome P450 HRGS induction increased (i.e., toxicity increased). Significant negative correlations were apparent for Pielou's Evenness Index (rho=-0.38, p
Page 1 and 2:
National Status and Trends Program
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Sediment Quality in Puget Sound Yea
Page 5 and 6:
Human Reporter Gene System (Cytochr
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List of Appendices Appendix A . Det
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Figure 10. Results of 1998 Microtox
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Figure 38. Central Puget Sound stat
Page 13 and 14: Table 14. Number of 1998 central Pu
Page 15 and 16: Table 34. Triad results for 1998 ce
Page 17 and 18: Abstract As a component of a three-
Page 19 and 20: tests; and 3% of the area in the cy
Page 21 and 22: Data from this central Puget Sound
Page 23 and 24: Project Background Introduction hi
Page 25 and 26: Considerable research has been cond
Page 27 and 28: toxicants in regions of Puget Sound
Page 29 and 30: This report includes a summary of t
Page 31 and 32: stations within each stratum were c
Page 33 and 34: jugs which had been washed, acid-st
Page 35 and 36: clean, filtered (0.45 um), Port Ara
Page 37 and 38: have been exposed to one or more of
Page 39 and 40: enforcement studies. Seven addition
Page 41 and 42: analyses will be reported elsewhere
Page 43 and 44: 100 samples were compared to the up
Page 45 and 46: Correlations were determined for al
Page 47 and 48: Results A record of all field notes
Page 49 and 50: As a corollary to and verification
Page 51 and 52: to station 15 1, then decreased ste
Page 53 and 54: variance of the other tests with re
Page 55 and 56: espectively, and each station had 1
Page 57 and 58: exceeded state criteria and nationa
Page 59 and 60: assays, enzyme induction was very h
Page 61 and 62: Isomers of DDT and most PCB congene
Page 63: Total abundance of miscellaneous ta
Page 67 and 68: Triad Synthesis: A Comparison of Ch
Page 69 and 70: Stratum 6, in Puget Sound's central
Page 71 and 72: grain size, rather than the toxicit
Page 73 and 74: Eight samples collected along the s
Page 75 and 76: Inlet), 170- 17 1 (Dyes Inlet), 1 1
Page 77 and 78: The results in the amphipod tests p
Page 79 and 80: Human Reporter Gene System (Cytochr
Page 81 and 82: The highest concentrations of mixtu
Page 83 and 84: and Conner, 1980; Gray, 1982: Becke
Page 85 and 86: However, benthic data have been gen
Page 87 and 88: data for benzoic acid, 44 samples h
Page 89 and 90: Literature Cited Adams, D.A., J.S.
Page 91 and 92: California Department of Fish and G
Page 93 and 94: and vicinity. NOAA Tech. Memo. NOS
Page 95 and 96: Strait of Juan De Fuca Figure 1. Ma
Page 97 and 98: Figure 3a. Central Puget Sound samp
Page 99 and 100: Figure 3c. Central Puget Sound samp
Page 101 and 102: Figure 3e. Central Puget Sound samp
Page 103 and 104: I / Amphipod survival 0 not toxic s
Page 105 and 106: Figure 6. Summary of 1998 amphipod
Page 107 and 108: Amphipod survival 0 not toxic 0 sig
Page 109 and 110: Figure 10. Results of 1998 Microtox
Page 111 and 112: Figure 12. Results of 1998 Microtox
Page 113 and 114: Whidbey Rlsland Figure 14. Results
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Figure 16. Results of 1998 cytochro
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Seattle Figure 18. Results of 1998
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Figure 20. Sampling stations in Por
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1 6 0 Sinclair 1 9 Inlet ]\ 0 No Cr
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0 Rho = 0.928 o p < 0.0001 Sample 1
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0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 600
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Rho = -0.584 p < 0.0001 0 20 40 60
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Rho = 0.875 p < 0.0001 0 500 1000 1
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I 0 1 Stations lacking any signific
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0 Stations lacking any significant
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Table 1. Central Puget Sound sampli
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Table 2. Continued. Oxychlordane To
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Table 3. Chemistry Parameters: Labo
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Table 5. Benthic infaunal indices c
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Table 6. Continued. Stratum Locatio
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Table 6. Continued. Stratum Locatio
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Table 7. Continued. 100% pore water
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Table 7. Continued. 100% pore water
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Table 8. Results of MicrotoxTM test
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Table 8. Continued. ~icrotox~~ EC50
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Table 8. Continued. Microtox"" EC50
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Table 10. Spearman-rank correlation
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Table 12. Samples from 1998 central
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Table 13. Samples from 1998 central
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Table 13. Continued. Stratum, Sampl
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Table 14. Number of 1998 central Pu
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Table 14. Continued. - > ERMa > sQs
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Table 14. Continued. > E RM~ - > SQ
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Table 22. Total abundance, major ta
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Table 22. Continued. Annelida Arthr
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Table 22. Continued. Annelida Arthr
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Table 23. Continued. Central Basin
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Table 23. Continued. Stratum Sample
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if; c if; c Page 167
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is-
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Table 35. Distribution of results i
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Table 37. Spatial extent of toxicit
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Table 39. Spatial extent of toxicit
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Appendix A Detected chemicals from
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Appendix A. Continued. SQS Chemical
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Page 2 10
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Page 2 12
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Page 2 14
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Appendix B. Continued. Stratum Samp
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Appendix C. Continued. Tenip- Salin
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Appendix D. Table 1. Continued. % %
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Appendix D. Table 1. Continued. 22
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Appendix D. Table 2. Total organic
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Appendix D. Table 2. Continued. Str
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Appendix D, Figure 1. continued. St
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Appendix D, Figure 1. continued. St
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Appendix E. 1998 Central Puget Soun
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Appendix E. Continued. Phylum Class
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Appendix F Percent taxa abundance f
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Appendix F. Percent taxa abundance
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Page 279
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2 Â¥^ 2 ca so a * .0 cn 00 a 5 I
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Appendix G Infaunal taxa eliminated
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Aooendix R. Infaunal taxa eliminate
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Appendix H Triad data - Results of
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Page 292 nine
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nine OJllIO,) JO % Sl! [L'A!AJIls p
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atuni. Sample, Location umber of ER
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Page 308
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Page 3 10
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Stratum, Sample. Location Number of
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a~i11*31~!~3! [OJ1UO,) JO % Sl! J31
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Page 3 16
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Page 3 18
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Appendix I. Ranges in detected chem
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Appendix I. Continued. 9(H)Carbazol
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Appendix I. Continued. Mercury Nick
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Appendix J SEDQUAL surveys for the
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Appendix J. Continued. Agency Name
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Page 338
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Appendix K. Continued. Chrysene Dib
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