D10: Impact of Contaminants - Hydromod
D10: Impact of Contaminants - Hydromod
D10: Impact of Contaminants - Hydromod
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Integrated Water Resource Management for Important Deep European Lakes and their Catchment Areas<br />
EUROLAKES<br />
<strong>D10</strong>: <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Contaminants</strong><br />
FP5_Contract No.: EVK1-CT1999-00004<br />
Version: 4.0<br />
Date: 25/07/01<br />
File: <strong>D10</strong>-vers.4.0.doc<br />
Page 43 <strong>of</strong> 136<br />
7 IMPACTS OF HORMONAL ACTIVE CHEMICALS TO HUMANS AND ANIMALS<br />
Substances where an endocrine effect to several organisms is evidenced or supposed<br />
mainly are pesticides and so-called industrial chemicals [LEISEWITZ 1996]. They are<br />
part <strong>of</strong> the in 0 pictured group <strong>of</strong> POPs. A list <strong>of</strong> environmental chemicals with an endocrine<br />
effect is shown in appendix 1. Chloroganical materials have a great importance<br />
but not all in this context suspected environmental chemicals are chlorinated (phthalates,<br />
surfactants, heavy metals etc.) [LEISEWITZ 1996].<br />
7.1 THE HAZARDOUSNESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS<br />
The effects <strong>of</strong> xenobiotics are intensively cross-linked at the different biologicalecological<br />
levels, shown in the Figure 7-1.<br />
immediatlysome<br />
days<br />
hoursweeks<br />
weeksmonths<br />
monthsyears<br />
monthsdecades<br />
timetable<br />
attitude change<br />
Neurological and endocrinesymptomsbalance/orientation,locomotion,<br />
motivation/ability to learn<br />
contaminant<br />
biological-molecular reaction<br />
Enzym and metabolism activity<br />
induktion <strong>of</strong> xenometabolism-enzyms<br />
changes <strong>of</strong> membranes, DNA-mutation<br />
physiological changes morphological changes<br />
Oxigen depletion, ions-regulation,<br />
photosynthesis<br />
integration <strong>of</strong> food, digestion, excretion<br />
changes in the individual life cycle<br />
Embryonic development growth rate,<br />
reproduction, regenerative capacity<br />
changes in the population<br />
Reducted number <strong>of</strong> individuals, change in the age distribution,<br />
generally modified <strong>of</strong> ressources gene pool<br />
ecological consequences<br />
Changes in the biocoenosis/ecosystem<br />
with regard to dynamics, structure and function<br />
Histological and cytological<br />
changes<br />
Figure 7-1: Cross-linked effects to different biological-ecological levels, according to<br />
[FENT 1998]
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