D10: Impact of Contaminants - Hydromod

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Integrated Water Resource Management for Important Deep European Lakes and their Catchment Areas EUROLAKES D10: Impact of Contaminants FP5_Contract No.: EVK1-CT1999-00004 Version: 4.0 Date: 25/07/01 File: D10-vers.4.0.doc Page 78 of 136 tions (2 cm depth) in the measured harbour at Lake Geneva are for TBT in the range of 660 to more than 5000 µg/kg dry weight and for TPT between 118 and approximately 1800 µg/kg. In comparison to other Lakes in the same study, the marina of Lake Geneva showed the highest contamination. The TPT concentrations were always lower than TBT concentrations. In 1993 TPT was not measured and the highest level reached by TPT was 0.9 µg/g dw in Lake Geneva marina in September 1990. The butyltin concentrations in zebra mussel tissue of Lake Geneva marina over the 4-year period showed no decrease of the contamination. The annual concentrations actually increased. Furthermore, the TBT concentrations were quite stable throughout the year and no clear summer-winter profile was detectable. Irgarol 1051 is the trade name of a triazine herbicide (2-methylthio-4tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine). After the ban of organotin compounds in antifouling paints in Switzerland in 1990 they were replaced by Irgarol 1051 and copper based products [TÓTH et al 1996]. In the study of [TÓTH et al 1996] two marinas and one reference site were chosen in Lake Geneva. The samples were collected between August 1994 and April 1995. The present Irgarol 1051 concentrations in water of Lake Geneva marinas do not reach the acute toxic levels for algae but an ecotoxic long-term effect on phytoplankton, algae and macrophytes cannot be excluded. Location Butyltin concentratíon (µg/L) June 1988 September 1988 DBT TBT DBT TBT Geneva (CH) 0.014 0.299 0.005 0.049 (nd - 0.083) (nd - 1.079) (nd - 0.022) (nd - 0.087) Lausanne (CH) 0.072 0.271 0.037 0.123 (nd - 0.0103) (0.077 - 0.377) (nd - 0.065) (0.079 - 0.170) Montreux (CH) 0.061 0.353 0.005 0.041 (nd - 0.243) (nd - 0.695) (nd - 0.011) (nd - 0.106) Thonon (F) nd 0.015 0.003 0.026 (nd - 0.063) (nd - 0.008) (nd - 0.045) Yvoire (F) nd 0.047 0.007 0.045 Reference (CH) nd (nd - 0.064) 0.013 (nd - 0.053) (nd - 0.010) 0.002 (nd - 0.008) (nd - 0.015) 0.004 (nd - 0.015) Each value i a mean of 6 samples (3 stations each with one surface and one bottom sample) except for the reference point (2 stations). The range is indicated below in parantheses. TPT has not been detected. (nd = not detected, CH = Switzerland, F = France) Table 10-2:Concentrations of butyltins in water of Lake Geneva marinas and one natural site (reference) [BECKER et al 1992]
Integrated Water Resource Management for Important Deep European Lakes and their Catchment Areas EUROLAKES D10: Impact of Contaminants FP5_Contract No.: EVK1-CT1999-00004 Version: 4.0 Date: 25/07/01 File: D10-vers.4.0.doc Page 79 of 136 Location Organotin concentration (µg/g dry weight) DBT* DBT TBT* TBT TPT* TPT (mean) (mean) (mean) Geneva (CH) 1 0.175 1.495 0.213 2 0.158 0.191 0.686 0.983 0.062 0.137 3 0.239 0.767 0.137 Lausanne (CH) 1 0.285 1.086 0.211 2 0.465 0.865 1.814 2.555 0.148 0.424 3 1.846 4.764 0.912 Montreux (CH) 1 0.448 1.517 0.171 2 0.056 0.202 0.176 0.643 0.028 0.081 3 0.103 0.236 0.043 Thonon (F) 1 0.047 0.244 0.065 2 0.103 0.129 0.470 0.426 0.032 0.037 3 0.237 0.564 0.014 Yvoire (F) 1 0.026 0.137 0.017 2 0.101 0.061 0.248 0.204 0.010 0.042 3 0.056 0.227 0.100 Reference (CH) 1 nd 0.007 0.027 0.020 0.011 2 0.014 0.040 0.034 0.002 * Each value is a mean of two analyses of the same sample (top 2 cm) Table 10-3: Concentration of organotins in sediment of Lake Geneva marinas and one natural site (reference) [BECKER et al 1992] Location Organotin concentration (µg/g wet weight) June 1988 September 1988 DBT* TBT TPT DBT TBT TPT Geneva (CH) Dp 1.390 9.337 2.796 4.161 8.376 3.337 Ac x x x 0.101 1.596 nd Lausanne (CH) Dp 0.416 5.632 nd 1.784 7.936 2.290 Ac x x x 0.209 1.222 nd Montreux (CH) Dp 0.178 2.378 0.615 2.182 6.014 1.025 Ac 0.187 1.678 0.072 0.081 0.701 nd Thonon (F) Dp 0.297 3.964 nd 0.606 4.039 nd Ac 0.059 0.279 nd 0.107 0.608 nd Yvoire (F) Dp x x x 0.716 3.238 nd Ac Reference (CH) Dp Ac 0.145 0.119 0.044 0.875 1.466 0.332 nd nd 0.079 0.155 0.336 0.049 1.066 2.147 0.244 Each value represents one composite sample. Dp = Dreissena polymorpha, Ac = Anodonia cygnaea, nd = not detected, x = no data available Table 10-4: Concentrations of organotins in bivalves of Lake Geneva marinas and one natural site (reference) [BECKER et al 1992]. nd nd nd
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D10: Impact of Contaminants - Hydromod

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