D10: Impact of Contaminants - Hydromod

Integrated Water Resource Management for Important Deep European Lakes and their Catchment Areas
EUROLAKES
D10: Impact of Contaminants
FP5_Contract No.: EVK1-CT1999-00004
Version: 4.0
Date: 25/07/01
File: D10-vers.4.0.doc
Page 78 of 136
tions (2 cm depth) in the measured harbour at Lake Geneva are for TBT in the range of
660 to more than 5000 µg/kg dry weight and for TPT between 118 and approximately
1800 µg/kg. In comparison to other Lakes in the same study, the marina of Lake Geneva
showed the highest contamination. The TPT concentrations were always lower
than TBT concentrations. In 1993 TPT was not measured and the highest level reached
by TPT was 0.9 µg/g dw in Lake Geneva marina in September 1990. The butyltin concentrations
in zebra mussel tissue of Lake Geneva marina over the 4-year period
showed no decrease of the contamination. The annual concentrations actually increased.
Furthermore, the TBT concentrations were quite stable throughout the year
and no clear summer-winter profile was detectable. Irgarol 1051 is the trade name of a
triazine herbicide (2-methylthio-4tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine). After
the ban of organotin compounds in antifouling paints in Switzerland in 1990 they were
replaced by Irgarol 1051 and copper based products [TÓTH et al 1996]. In the study of
[TÓTH et al 1996] two marinas and one reference site were chosen in Lake Geneva.
The samples were collected between August 1994 and April 1995. The present Irgarol
1051 concentrations in water of Lake Geneva marinas do not reach the acute toxic levels
for algae but an ecotoxic long-term effect on phytoplankton, algae and macrophytes
cannot be excluded.
Location Butyltin concentratíon (µg/L)
June 1988 September 1988
DBT TBT DBT TBT
Geneva (CH) 0.014
0.299
0.005
0.049
(nd - 0.083) (nd - 1.079) (nd - 0.022) (nd - 0.087)
Lausanne (CH) 0.072
0.271
0.037
0.123
(nd - 0.0103) (0.077 - 0.377) (nd - 0.065) (0.079 - 0.170)
Montreux (CH) 0.061
0.353
0.005
0.041
(nd - 0.243) (nd - 0.695) (nd - 0.011) (nd - 0.106)
Thonon (F) nd 0.015
0.003
0.026
(nd - 0.063) (nd - 0.008) (nd - 0.045)
Yvoire (F) nd 0.047
0.007
0.045
Reference (CH) nd
(nd - 0.064)
0.013
(nd - 0.053)
(nd - 0.010)
0.002
(nd - 0.008)
(nd - 0.015)
0.004
(nd - 0.015)
Each value i a mean of 6 samples (3 stations each with one surface and one bottom sample)
except for the reference point (2 stations). The range is indicated below in parantheses.
TPT has not been detected. (nd = not detected, CH = Switzerland, F = France)
Table 10-2:Concentrations of butyltins in water of Lake Geneva marinas and one natural
site (reference) [BECKER et al 1992]