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Royal Caribbean uses advanced wastewater purification systems where possible. itineraries span the globe and each country or port state essentially has the authority to enforce their own unique environmental regulations,” she says. “Fortunately, industry collaboration is a valuable asset in keeping ahead of the curve.” “ Liquid assets Royal Caribbean has taken steps to reduce the amount of water used on board and is finding new ways to deal with wastewater. This includes the introduction of advanced purification systems, with 16 of the fleet currently equipped. “Our new ships have been launched with wastewater purification systems in place, and we have an aggressive timeline to retrofit,” Sweeting says. The cruise line is also concentrating on waste management. “We are proud of avoiding trash going to landfill,” he adds. “We have a facility on our ships, which enables us to separate materials for recycling and on-board incineration.” Through careful management, the cruise line has been able to make big differences. “In 2007, the amount of solid waste per passenger was 2.2lb per day, but in 2008, this was cut to 1.5lb. “By contrast, the solid waste footprint in the US is 4.6lb per person per day.” Through shipboard incentive programmes and educating passengers and crew, the company was also able to recycle between 15-30% of all waste in US ports in 2008. Sweeting believes operators have a responsibility to make these improvements, and he believes the sector is working together in order to change. “Essentially, we’re pretty collegial within the industry,” he says. “This is a non-competitive space and we share developments. When trying new things, we believe that it is in our best interest to share information about what does and doesn’t work. We encourage our colleagues to improve their practices because we are only as good as the weakest operator.” However, keeping up with environmental law can prove a challenge. “We operate in approximately 420 ports around the world,” he adds. “This covers many countries with different regulations, from those governed by the International Maritime Organisation right down to specific rules for individual ports.” In recent years, Sweeting has noticed a significant increase in the amount of regulations introduced. Despite this, the company takes its role in each port seriously, and works on a local level to help sustain each destination. “We have four million It is vital that cruise operators take environmental responsibilities seriously. Our livelihood depends on the environment. Christina Riccelli passengers on our vessels each year, so we play an important role in how to be good tourists,” he says. “We strive towards sustainability and work with these destinations to be part of the solution.” Looking forward The industry has undoubtedly made huge steps forward, but environmental campaigners argue there is always more to be done. Marcie Keever, clean vessels campaign director at Friends of the Earth, is encouraging the industry to continue its investment in the technology that can help it to protect vulnerable areas. “Cruise ships visit some of the most ecologically-sensitive places in the world, so they need to do as much as possible to reduce their impact,” she explains. “The livelihood of these companies depends on these areas remaining pristine.” Keever welcomes the efforts already made, and hopes operators will continue to move forward. “We would like to see the latest Insight > Environmental issues Cooling Off From 31 December 2009, the use of R-22 refrigerant on cruise ships was outlawed. In line with the terms of the Montreal Protocol, this means that vessels within the European Union are no longer permitted to maintain, service or top up systems that use the refrigerant, which has long been recognised as potentially harmful to the ozone layer. While some companies have already dispensed with its use altogether, those that have not are required to find an alternative, such as Unicool R-417A, which does not contain any ozone-depleting substances. The phase-out schedule was established in 1993. technology used to deal with sewage, and more use of shoreside power, in partnership with ports. This is starting to happen on the east coast of the US. We would also like to see ships using cleaner fuel and we’re really pushing for the introduction of stronger industry-wide standards.” Riccelli describes the steps Prestige Cruise Holdings has taken to become more environmentally friendly. “We’ve invested in upgrading wastewater treatment systems, which results in a much cleaner effluent,” she explains. “When feasible and without implication to our guests, we adjust our operations in order to conserve water usage. We’re continually seeking opportunities where we can recycle.” Sweeting thinks the industry’s environmental image is sometimes misunderstood. “I have brought colleagues in from the conservation world who have been stunned by what we are doing,” he says. Despite the improvements already made by Royal Caribbean, Sweeting acknowledges that there is always potential for further development. “The greatest opportunity is when we design and construct new ships,” he says. “We have broken new ground with the launch of the Oasis of the Seas and based on sea trial data for our first few months in operation, we believe the carbon footprint per passenger per day is around 30-40% lower than ships built a dozen years ago.” However, the company is not resting on its laurels. “We are far from perfect, but we are paying attention,” he adds. “Our mantra is that we will be better tomorrow than we are today.” � World Cruise Industry Review | www.worldcruiseindustryreview.com 99
Company insight > Environmental issues A breath of fresh air Cabin air quality and temperature is one of the few issues that cruise passengers complain about. Novenco’s latest HVAC system ensures that air quality and temperature control is easier and more cost effective than ever. Novenco has a long tradition of developing heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in cooperation with clients to add value to their products. Carnival Cruise Lines’ technical department contacted the company with an idea for an HVAC system that met three targets: �� 100 Energy consumption as low as a fan coil system Maintenance work handled in a dedicated service space away from passenger cabins and alleyways Air quality better than a fan coil system. Cruise ship passengers rarely complain, but when they do it typically concerns food, room air quality and temperature, and the presence of maintenance staff. While Novenco cannot influence the menu, it guarantees room air quality and temperature, and plans services to avoid maintenance staff in passenger areas. The HVAC system is a main consumer of a ship’s energy. When in harbour, the system uses approximately 40% of the total energy used, making it one of the main focus areas for future green ship design. The close cooperation between Novenco’s design engineers and Carnival resulted in the Novenco system Flex-Air. Flex-Air provides the lowest energy “ consumption ever seen. The system The Flex-Air system is an air conditioning system that treats air in two steps: in the primary air handling unit, and in the Flex-Air unit. The constant flow of fresh air to cabins is treated in primary airhandling units (AHU) with an enthalpy exchanger (1). Air from the primary air-handling units is distributed to Flex-Air units (2), which are placed in service spaces within the accommodation. Flex-Air units are selected to serve blocks of similar cabins, public areas, offices and service areas. The Flex-Air units distribute air to cabins through constant air flow or variable air flow (VAV) units (4). Part of the air is re-circulated (5) back to the Flex-Air units. The remaining air is exhausted through the bathrooms and returned back to the primary AHU. Fresh air requirements for public spaces are treated in the primary AHU. The VAV is controlled by the CO 2 level in the room: no people, no fresh air. A Flex-Air unit is placed in each zone. The air from the Flex-Air units and the fresh air are mixed and supplied to the rooms. The Flex-Air units work with 100% return air and VAV for capacity control. World Cruise Industry Review | www.worldcruiseindustryreview.com Quality and cost The initial reasons given by Carnival for choosing such a system were: �� Energy consumption: Flex-Air provides the lowest energy consumption ever seen. The main fans in the AHU are axial flow fans Novenco-type ZerAx with 90% efficiency. � � No service in passenger areas: the Flex-Air units are placed in 1.5m2 service rooms, in electrical rooms or in the vertical trunks in the centre of the ship. � � Air quality: the air in the Flex-Air unit is fully cleaned by three stage filters – the cleanable F4/F5 filters for dust, then the F7/ carbon filters for odour and most bacteria, and finally a UV light kills remaining bacteria and viruses. �� Four other important reasons for choosing Flex-Air are: More cabins: space for additional cabins will become available. Less capital cost: 10-20% lower equipment and installation costs. Superior control system: total monitoring and control from every service space. 2 Larger cabins: cabins can be approximately 0.5m larger. � Novenco Novenco is a world leader in the supply, development and manufacture of HVAC systems. www.novencogroup.com Flex-Air cabin system.
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2010 Volume 1 £5.95 €8.00 $8.95
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Pool & Spa - Your complete solution
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Contents 33 St Croix, your port of
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The Intelligence > World Cruise Ind
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Market intelligence > Future growth
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Market intelligence > Industry outl
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1912-2010 PROUD TO SERVE
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People > The big interview general
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Special report The cost of luxury W
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Grenada received its first cruise s
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Rais Hassan Saadi Bldg., Mankhool R
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