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Capítulo 1 Energy efficiencies of more than 500 g/kWh were achieved in our apparatus with destruction and removal efficiencies up to 99.999%. Hence, it is important to state that the results presented previously in figs. 1.2-1.6 were obtained on a laboratory scale with a tip that had the smallest diameter. However, in an industrial processing facility, it would be more appropriate to use bigger cross- sections. 1.5. Conclusions This paper reports the effects of microwave power, gas flow rate, and TCE concentration on the decomposition efficiency of TCE by a microwave torch. The following observations are noteworthy: - The TIA seems to be a promising device for VOC destruction yielding high percentage destruction efficiencies at comparatively low power expenditure. - The TCE decomposition increases with microwave power. - At fixed TCE concentrations and applied microwave powers, the decomposition efficiency decreases as the gas flow increases. - The decomposition efficiency was slightly higher with higher TCE concentrations, which implies that more TCE molecules are decomposed for a given amount of energy when the TCE concentration is higher. This suggests that secondary decomposition processes of TCE can be induced by fragment ions and radicals resulting from the initial decomposition of TCE [9, 10]. - Energy efficiencies up to 500 g/kWh can be achieved using tips of the torch with higher cross-sections of the tip of the torch. The destruction efficiency depends on the velocity of the gas in the exit of the tip so that a larger quantity of TCE can be destroyed per minute when tips with higher cross-sections are used. - The performance of the TIA can be optimised for a wide range of TCE concentrations. 45
Destrucción de VOCs con plasma de Helio 1.6. References [1] Halogenated solvent cleaners. Emission control technologies and cost analysis, Radiant Corporation, Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, NJ (1990). [2] M. Lee: Chemistry in Britain. 32 (1996) 9. [3] T. Oda, T. Takahashi, K. Tada: IEEE Transactions On Industry Applications 35 (1999) 373-379. [4] M.Moisan, G.Sauvè, Z.Zakrzewski, J.Hubert: Plasma Sources Science And Technology 35 (1994) 584-592. [5] A. Rodero, M.C. Quintero, A. Sola and A. Gamero: Spectrochimica Acta Part B 51 (1996) 467-479. [6] A. Rodero, M.C. Quintero, S. Rubio, C. Lao, A. Gamero: Spanish Patent nº: P200201328 [7] J. Chang, T. Myint, A. Chakrabarti and A. Miziolek: Japanese Journal Of Applied Physics, 36 (1997) 5018-5024. [8] C.R. Brunner: Hazardous air emission from incinerators. Chapman and Hall, New York (1985). [9] T. Yamamoto and S. Futamura: Combustion Science and Technology, 133 (1998) 117. [10] B.M. Penetrante, et al.: Plasma Sources Science And Technology 6 (1997) 251-259 Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology within the framework of Project PPQ 2001-2537. 46
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UNIVERSIDAD DE CÓRDOBA FACULTAD DE
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ESTUDIO Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE UN PL
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Este trabajo ha sido realizado en e
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Dedicado a Rocío, Darío y Noah Un
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Índice DESTRUCCIÓN DE VOCS CON PL
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Índice iv 4.4. Ejemplo: Antorcha d
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ÍNDICE DE FIGURAS Figura I.1: Esqu
Page 22 and 23: Índice Figure 3.11: Variation of t
Page 24: Índice Figure 6.5: Radial and axia
Page 28 and 29: ESTRUCTURA Y OBJETIVOS El presente
Page 30 and 31: I.1. Compuestos orgánicos volátil
Page 32 and 33: Introducción droguerías. En el si
Page 34 and 35: Introducción agua subterránea. Es
Page 36 and 37: I.2.1. Técnicas de recuperación d
Page 38 and 39: Introducción concentraciones relat
Page 40 and 41: Introducción cuando el gas sale de
Page 42 and 43: Introducción los gases a algún va
Page 44 and 45: Introducción incineradores catalí
Page 46 and 47: Introducción En la figura I.3 se m
Page 48 and 49: Introducción plasma, y por tanto r
Page 50 and 51: I.3.1. Descargas corona pulsadas In
Page 52 and 53: Introducción En este caso, la mues
Page 54 and 55: Introducción por tanto, las dimens
Page 56 and 57: Introducción refiere. De hecho la
Page 58: Introducción [26] Hsiao MC, Merrit
Page 62 and 63: CAPÍTULO 1 REMOVAL OF VOLATILE ORG
Page 64 and 65: 1.2. Experimental set-up Capítulo
Page 66 and 67: Capítulo 1 The destruction percent
Page 68 and 69: Capítulo 1 Our data also support t
Page 70 and 71: % DRE % DRE 100,0000 100,0000 99,99
Page 74 and 75: CAPÍTULO 2 APPLICATION OF A MICROW
Page 76 and 77: Capítulo 2 at atmospheric pressure
Page 78 and 79: 2.2.1. Microwave generator and coup
Page 80 and 81: 2.3. Results 2.3.1. Destruction of
Page 82 and 83: Capítulo 2 mm. The curves are simi
Page 84 and 85: Capítulo 2 In obtaining high energ
Page 86 and 87: Capítulo 2 Figure 2.6b shows the v
Page 88 and 89: Capítulo 2 revealed the presence o
Page 90 and 91: Capítulo 2 destruction step but un
Page 92 and 93: Capítulo 2 concentrations in the p
Page 94: [23] B.M. Penetrante, et al.: Plasm
Page 98 and 99: CAPÍTULO 3 ASSESSMENT OF A NEW CAR
Page 100 and 101: Capítulo 3 enhanced destruction an
Page 102 and 103: 3.2.1. Microwave generator and its
Page 104 and 105: 3.2.2. Sample insertion Capítulo 3
Page 106 and 107: Capítulo 3 concentration was a res
Page 108 and 109: Capítulo 3 Figure 3.4: Variation o
Page 110 and 111: Capítulo 3 different microwave pow
Page 112 and 113: Concentration CO 2 (ppm) 10000 1000
Page 114 and 115: Capítulo 3 CuCl2·2H2O on glass su
Page 116 and 117: Capítulo 3 Figure 3.10 shows some
Page 118 and 119: 3.4. Conclusions Capítulo 3 The pr
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Destrucción de VOCs con plasma de
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CAPÍTULO 5 APPLICATION OF MICROWAV
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Capítulo 5 99% were achieved. Usin
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COMPONENT DESCRIPTION Microwave gen
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Concentration (ppb) 300 250 200 150
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TCC Concentration (ppb) 1100 1000 9
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Capítulo 5 5.4 and 5.5 are virtual
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Capítulo 5 indicated that the syst
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Capítulo 5 was nearly 100%. The de
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Capítulo 5 GC/MS analyses revealed
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Figure 5.12: CN rotational bands ob
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5.5. References [1] R.E. Doherty: J
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DISTRIBUCIÓN DE TEMPERATURAS Y ESP
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Distribución de temperaturas y esp
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CAPÍTULO 7 AXIAL DISTRIBUTION OF T
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Capítulo 7 of C2HCl3 achieve destr
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7.3. Results Capítulo 7 To study t
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7.4. References [1] N.J. Park Ridge
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Axial position (mm) Axial Position
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CONCLUSIONES GENERALES • Ha sido
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Conclusiones Generales punta del ac
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ANEXO Producción científica fruto
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Producción científica fruto de es
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