genderi – socialuri da politikuri swavlebani - Center for Social ...
genderi – socialuri da politikuri swavlebani - Center for Social ...
genderi – socialuri da politikuri swavlebani - Center for Social ...
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diskriminacia, romelic <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia araswor SefasebebTan<br />
qalebis <strong>da</strong>bali anazRaurebis asaxsnelad arsebobs kidev erTi hipoTeza<br />
araswori Sefasebebis Taobaze. a<strong>da</strong>mianebma SeiZleba mc<strong>da</strong>rad gaazviadon sxvaoba<br />
mamakacebisa <strong>da</strong> qalebis saSualo SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb. diskriminaciis aseT<br />
konservatorul <strong>for</strong>mas xSirad vxvdebiT instituciur struqturebSi. ase<br />
magaliTad, viqtorias epoqis kanonmdebloba qalebs ukrZalav<strong>da</strong> miwisqveSa samu-<br />
Saoebis Sesrulebas (magaliTad, metros matareblis mZRolebad muSaobas). es ZalaSi<br />
rCebo<strong>da</strong> meoce saukunis 80-ian wlebSic. ufro metic, diskriminacia, romelic<br />
mc<strong>da</strong>r SexedulebebTan aris <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli, gansakuTrebulad mdgradia: qalebs<br />
<strong>da</strong>balanazRaurebad samuSaoze imitom iReben, rom gavrcelebuli azris mixedviT,<br />
isini naklebad kvalificiurebi arian, amasTan, isini Tavis kvalifikacias ver<br />
imaRleben imitom, rom maT mier <strong>da</strong>kavebuli Tanamdebobebi ar iZleva samsaxurebrivi<br />
winsvlis saSualebas.<br />
diskriminacias, romelic <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia araswor SefasebebTan <strong>da</strong> statistikur<br />
diskriminacias, saxelmwifo politikis TvalsazrisiT, diametralurad sapirispiro<br />
Sedegebamde mivyavarT. Tu qalebi, <strong>da</strong>mqiraveblis araswori qmedebis gamo, <strong>da</strong>bal<br />
anazRaurebas iReben, iseTi zomebi rogoricaa, magaliTad, qalebis samuSaoze<br />
miRebis stimulireba, an Tanabari anazRaurebis kanoniT ganmtkiceba, ubralod<br />
aseTi Secdomis gamosworebas iwvevs <strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri efeqtianobis Semcirebas ar<br />
ganapirobebs. Tu saqme statistikur diskriminaciasTan gvaqvs, maSin iZulebiTi<br />
zomebis gatareba samuSaoze ayvanisas an xelfasis gaTanabrebisas samuSao Zalis<br />
saSualo xarisxis Semcirebas iwvevs (radgan igulisxmeba, rom mamakacebi meti<br />
Sromis nayofierebiT xasiaTdebian), rasac Tan ekonomikuri efeqtianobis kleba<br />
mohyveba. araswor SefasebebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli diskriminaciis dros saxelmwifo<br />
politikis es zomebi raime <strong>da</strong>nakargebTan ar aris <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli. statistikuri<br />
diskriminacias SemTxvevaSi ki <strong>da</strong>naklisi sakmaod mniSvnelovania.<br />
m. puiolis azriT, diskrminaciis axsna Sefasebisas <strong>da</strong>Svebuli sistematuri<br />
Secdomebis xarjze feministuri ekonomikuri TeoriisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli ar<br />
aris. magram Tu qalTa <strong>da</strong>qvemdebarebuli mdgomareobis istorias ga<strong>da</strong>vxe<strong>da</strong>vT,<br />
<strong>da</strong>vinaxavT, rom ekonomistebs maT SesaZleblobebze mc<strong>da</strong>ri Sexedulebebi hqon<strong>da</strong>T.<br />
ase rom, hipoTeza diskriminaciisa sistematuri Secdomebis Sesaxeb, SeiZleba<br />
marTebuli iyos <strong>da</strong> swored aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinareobs Semdgomi problemis arsi, rom<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mianebi SeiZleba sistematurad cdebodnen.<br />
Tanasworuflebianobis miRwevis mizniT gatarebuli saxelmwifo politikis<br />
analizma aCvena, rom ekonomistebi iZulebulni arian uari Tqvan tradiciul<br />
ekonomikur modelze, sa<strong>da</strong>c upiratesobis miniWeba endogenuri faqtoris saxiT aris<br />
warmodgenili, xolo Secdomas gansjaSi sistematuri xasiaTi SeiZleba hqondes.<br />
(Pujol, 1992).<br />
<strong>da</strong>, bolos, ganvixiloT androcentruli gavlenisagan Tavisufali kvlevebi.<br />
feministi ekonomistebis mcdeloba, Seqmnan androcentruli gavlenisagan<br />
Tavisufali kvlevebi, mTeli rigi mimarTulebebiT vlindeba. upirveles yovlisa,<br />
isini cdiloben gaaumjobeson ekonomikuri analizis xarisxi. TavianTi modelebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>sasabuTeblad e.w. "analitikur gamartivebas" mimarTaven; magram genderulma<br />
stereotipebma maTi <strong>for</strong>mulirebisas SeiZleba Secdomebi gamoiwvios. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa,<br />
bevri feministi ekonomisti Sewuxebulia imiT, rom TeoriaSi xdeba qalTa<br />
problematikasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli ekonomikuri sakiTxebis ignorireba an maT<br />
saTanado yuradReba ar eqceva. xSirad, ekonomistebs "ar ZaluZT" <strong>da</strong>inaxon qalTa<br />
mdgomareobasTan an genderul diferenciasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli problemebi.<br />
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