198 CUPRINS

of goosberry [6].
The structure of plant parasitic nematode communities of perennial plants are
formed for a long time and have a stable character. That is why in their communities
the ectoparasites with the long-term life cycles such as Longidorus and Xiphinema
prevailed. Some species of these genera are known as the virus-vectors: Longidorus
macrosoma, Xiphinema diversicaudatum, X. index, X. italiae and X. rivesi.
90
Table 1. The trophic structure of plant parasitic communities from the different
types of agricultural plantations in R.Moldova
Trophic groups Grape Apple Peach
migratory endoparasites
semiendoparasites
Black
currant
Raspberry
Gooseberry
Strawberry
7 / 12* 5 / 9,8 5 / 13,6 4 / 14,3 4 / 15,4 4 / 19,0 7 / 18,0
10 /17,2 5 / 9,8 6 / 16,2 5 / 17,8 4 / 15,4 5 / 23,8 5 / 12,8
ectoparasites 26 / 44,8 24 / 47 18 / 48,6 10 / 35,7 10/ 38,4 6 / 28,6 13 / 33,4
ectoparasites of
epiderrmal cells
feeders of algal,
lichen
6 / 10,4 12 / 23,6 4 / 10,8 6 / 21,6 5 / 19,2 3 / 14,3 10 / 25,6
9 / 15,6 5 / 9,8 4 / 10,8 3 / 10,6 3 / 11,6 3 / 14,3 4 / 10,2
*- number of species/percent from total number of species
The large populations of migratory endoparasites from genera Pratylenchus
(especially P. pratensis and P. penetrans) and Ditylenchus (especially D. dipsaci) have
been registered in the roots of some varieties of strawberry, gooseberry and raspberry.
In one of the studied plantation of strawberry where it has been revealed numerous
individs of species D. dipsaci most of plants grew badly, were dwarfed, colorless and
some of them died.
Conclusions
In total 85 species of plant parasitic nematodes belonging to 29 genera, 13 families,
4 suborders and 3 orders: Tylenchida, Dorylaimida and Triplonchida were revealed in
the studied vineyards, orchards and berry plantations. The largest number of species
were noted from families Tylenchidae (16 species) and Longidoridae (13). In the
studied agricultural plantations such as grapes there have been revealed 58 species of
plant parasitic nematodes, apple (51), peach (37), black currant (28), raspberry (26),
gooseberry (21) and strawberry (39). The ectoparasite species (28,6 – 48,6 % from total
number of species) were predominated in all studied plantations especially species
from genera Xiphinema, including virus-vector species, also Mesocriconema and
Paratylenchus. The large populations of Ditylenchus dipsaci caused the destruction
of a plantation of strawberry.
Bibliography
1. Boag B., Brown, D.J.F. and A.S.G. Banck. Optimizing sampling strategies for nematode-transmitted
viruses and their vectors. //OEPP/EPPO Bull., 1989, 19: 491-499.
2. Coomans, Huys, Heyns and Luc. Character analysis, phylogeny and biogeography of the genus