209 CONTENTS

Buletinul AŞM. Ştiinţele vieţii. Nr. 2 (314) 2011
prefer IMI types mostly easy weed control especially in more weed problem elds in
Turkey [10]. The aim of the study is to determine current situation of IMI resistant
hybrids in sun ower production in Turkey.
Material and methods
Commercial IMI type sun ower hybrids belong private companies were used
in the study. Broomrape and IMI herbicide tolerance observations, oil content, seed
and oil yield results of hybrids were used in the registration trials conducted in Trakya
Region by different private companies tested in 2010. Oil content of all hybrids was
measured by NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) at Trakya Agricultural Research
Institute (TARI) laboratory in Edirne.
Most selling registered commercial hybrids (Sanay, Armada and Efe) were
existed as control in the trials so the study comply the broomrape resistance information
of all hybrids are selling and will sell in near future. Experimental sun ower hybrids
and lines were developed in National Sun ower Research Project conducting by TARI
in Edirne.
The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with four
replicates in the yield trials. The four rows plots were 7,5 m long with the 70 x 35 cm
plant spacing. The middle 2 rows were harvested and the border rows were discarded,
and plot size was 9,66 m² at harvest. Trials were planted in April and were harvested
in September by hand. Seeds was threshed and weighed to get seed and oil yield.
Registration trials were conducted in six locations in Marmara region which is most
intensive sun ower production areas in Turkey in 2010. Experimental hybrids were
existed in only at institute in Edirne.
IMI herbicides (Imazamox + Imazapyr (33+15 g/l)) which is selling in the market
in Turkey advised normally to apply 1.25 l / ha to farmers but double dose (2.50 l / ha)
applied at 6-8 leaves stage in the research to abstain any double dose application in the
sun ower production. Sanbro hybrid from Syngenta Seed Co. as non IMI resistant and
Sanay as IMI resistant hybrid from Syngenta Seed Co. were existed as control in the
research.
Phytotoxicity observations were performed at rst and 2 nd week after application in
the study. The IMI herbicide were applied at June 17 th , 2010 and First observation was
performed at June 21 th , 2010 and second one was on June 28 th , 2010 respectively.
Herbicide resistance was evaluated of the plants based on 1-9 scale as 1- No damage,
2- Light Green, 3-Yellow Green, 4- Reducing growth, 5- Less deformed plants 6- Mid
size deformed plants, 7- Many deformed plants, 8- Some died plants, 9-All plants died
[13]. Based on these scale, 1-2 was selected as resistant plants in the research.
Results and discussion
Genetica, Biologia moleculară şi Ameliorarea
Trakya and South Marmara regions had over 70% of sun ower production of
Turkey. Therefore these six locations exhibited main areas of sun ower in the study.
Seed yield of IMI type sun ower hybrids existed in registration trials were given in
Table 1. Based on the results, NX63728 and Sanay as control hybrids is existed in rst
rank in the trials and Limagrain hybrids were followed them respectively.
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