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Buletinul AŞM. Ştiinţele vieţii. Nr. 2 (314) 2011 Abstracts UDC: 612.27:612.22 THE CURRENT STATE OF STUDYING NORMOBARIC HYPOXIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SANOCREATOLOGY. Caraterzi G.I.// Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele vieţii. 2011. No 2 (314), p.61-71. This paper is focused on a review of the current idea about the in uence of hypoxia on various body functions and the mechanisms ensuring the adaptation to different duration hypoxia. Based on the literature and our own data about the in uence of various hypoxia conditions on the human body, the author has concluded that normobaric hypoxia can be used in sanocreatology for an additional speci cation of regimens and tests to assess the initial functional state of the body. 68 references UDC: 612.332.2+616.8 MEMBRANE DIGESTION OF DISACCHARIDES AND DIPEPTIDES UNDER CHRONIC STRESS. Sheptitsky V.A., Popanu L.V. // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele vieţii. 2011. No 2 (314), p.72-79. The characteristic peculiarities of the dynamics of the membrane digestion of disaccharides (maltose and saccharose as examples) and dipeptides (glycylglycine as an example) and absorption of their hydrolysis products during chronic immobilization stress have been revealed using in vivo and in vitro experiments on male rats. The role of α-adrenoreceptors, dopamine (D 2 ) receptors and Са 2+ -dependent processes in the intestine cell in membrane digestion changes under chronic stress has been identi ed. 15 references, 1 table, 4 gure. UDC: 631.4 : 551.5; 635 : 519.8 CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMAL REGIME IN THE SOIL-PLANT- ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM DURING TOMATO CULTIVATION IN THE OPEN GROUND. Botnari V.// Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele vieţii. 2011. No 2 (314), p.80-89. The analysis of the microclimatic changes in the elds under seedlingless tomatoes shows that heat exchange is completed faster in the surface air layer than in soil. A considerable variability of heat expenses for evaporation, depending on the plant development stage, weather conditions, and moisture content has been found in the tomato elds. Heat expenditures for evaporation under irrigated conditions are determined, in general, by the watering rate. Excess irrigation leads to a marked decrease or even changes in the sign of the turbulent ow. 18 references, 4 tables, 1 gure. UDC:581.1.03:581.14 PLANT AGING IN DROUGHT CONDITIONS - NATURAL OR PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS? Ştefîrţă Anastasia, Melenciuc M., Buceaceaia Svetlana. // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele vieţii. 2011. No 2 (314), p.89-98. A relationship between water status, oxidative stress, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the aging process has been studied in various areas of the leaf blade of Zea mays L. plants, hybrids P458 and H5R515 with different drought resistance potential. The involvement of free radicals and oxidative stress in induction of plant tissue aging and the role of water in the prevention of premature aging processes have been found. The effect is realized through quenching of the reactive oxygen types formed and maintenance of the antioxidant enzyme activity at high levels. Tissue dehydration during drought results in oxidative stress, which, in turn, induces a series of events related to the growth interruption, the damage and loss of cell structure, and the death of plant organs. Tissue dehydration and aging process are accompanied by a signi cant intensi cation of lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde content increase, while 193
Buletinul AŞM. Ştiinţele vieţii. Nr. 2 (314) 2011 the activity of antioxidative enzymes becomes insuf cient to neutralize the reactive oxygen types formed. The plant aging process in drought conditions is pathological and develops at a faster rate in comparison with the natural process, that advances at a certain development stage. 37 references, 2 tables UDC:631.46 AGROCHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANICALLY FERTILIZED CARBONATE CHERNOZEM SOIL DEPENDING ON THE HYDROTHERMAL REGIME. Toma Simion, Emnova Ecaterina, Daraban Oxana, Druţa Iana . // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele vieţii. 2011. No 2 (314), p.98-105. The research has been conducted to assess the impact of manure on the agrochemical parameters and enzymatic activity of calcareous chernozem in a laboratory experiment at one and three months after exposition to different hydrothermal conditions. The enzymatic activity increased signi cantly by administration of manure at the rates recommended for row crops (30 t/ha and especially 60 t/ha). Despite the reduction of the soil microbial community activity (measured by soil dehydrogenase activity) at reduced soil water content (30% WHC against 60% WHC), the urease activity of calcareous chernozem increased, but the alkaline phosphatase activity remained at the same level at both temperature conditions, which mimic spring (10-15 о С) as well as summer (25-28 о С) seasons. High positive correlations between the urease activity and soil ammoniacal nitrogen have been observed at all the four combinations of hydrothermal conditions. In addition, high positive correlations between the alkaline phosphatase activity and soil inorganic phosphorus have been established in three of the four combinations of hydrothermal conditions. Direct impact on soil water content by using different methods can serve as a basis for management of enzymatic activity and progress of soil biological processes to improve nutrition and increase productivity of crops in different ecological conditions. 8 references, 5 gures, 2 tables UDC: 633.854.78:632.4 (478) + 632.4:582.258.2 (478) + 632.938 (478) SCREENING OF THE R2 RUST RESISTANCE GENE IN DIFFERENT SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES USING SSR MARKERS. Duca Maria, Port Angela, Şestacova Tatiana. // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele vieţii. 2011. No 2 (314), p.106-110 Nowadays, MAS (marker-assisted selection) represents one of the most widely used techniques for identi cation of the characters of interest within different plant species and genotypes. SSR (simple sequence repeat) markers or microsatellites are one of the most reliable types of markers, which represent mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- or pentanucleotide tandem repeats accidentally distributed within eukaryotic genomes. This research includes molecular screening of R2 rust resistance gene with SSR markers in different sun ower genotypes developed and cultivated in the Republic of Moldova. However, only two markers from the three investigated - ORS333 and ORS795 - have given fragments of the expected length. Thus, combination of phenotypic and molecular data has become a necessity. 16 references, 2 tables, 3 gures UDC: 633.854.78:632.5 (560) + 632.5:582.952.6 (560) BROOMRAPE CONTROL IN SUNFLOWER PRODUCTION IN TURKEY. Goksel Evci, Nilgun Sezer, Veli Pekcan, M. Ibrahim Yilmaz, Yalcin Kaya. // Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei. Ştiinţele vieţii. 2011. No 2 (314), p. 111-117. Broomrape is an essential problem in sun ower production, especially in the Trakya Region which is a European part of Turkey. These areas are mostly infested with new races of 194 Abstracts
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