Енглески језик 8, уџбеник, старо издање, Нови Логос

LANGUAGE FOCUS Past modals
I can speculate about the past.
3
1 Study the modal forms in blue in sentences
1–4. Then answer questions a and b.
1 She must have had a healthy lifestyle. She
lived until she was a hundred.
2 He can’t have done a lot of exercise. He’s not
very fit.
3 She could have given up eating so much
junk food. She’s lost a lot of weight.
4 My grandad might have smoked when he
was young. More people smoked in those
days.
a Which of the past modal verbs …
… expresses a strong probability that
something is true?
… expresses a strong probability that
something is not true?
… expresses a possibility that something
is true?
b When we speculate about the past, we
make sentences with a modal verb + +
past participle of the main verb.
More practice Workbook page 27
2 Rewrite these sentences in the past form.
She must live in the USA.
She must have lived in the USA.
1 They could be 70 years old.
2 He can’t be a hundred years old. He’s still
working.
3 She might cut down on chocolate.
4 He must work out a lot.
5 She could go without dessert.
6 They might take up basketball.
3 Choose the correct words.
1 James couldn’t finish the long-distance race.
He might / can’t have had an injury.
2 My grandma played tennis until she was 80.
She can’t / must have been very fit.
3 I’m not sure who phoned. I missed the call.
I suppose it must / could have been my
sister.
4 Sophia is early today. She must / can’t have
overslept.
5 Jacob looks upset. He must / can’t have
done badly in the test.
6 Elena is away on holiday at the moment.
You can’t / could have seen her yesterday.
A
4 Work in pairs. Take turns reading and
responding to situations 1–6 using past
modals and the words in brackets.
1 Sally wasn’t at school yesterday. (be ill)
2 Bob looks pleased. (receive some good news)
3 Fred was heading for the tennis court and
he was carrying a sports bag. (take up tennis)
4 Max has been in hospital for a long time.
(have an operation)
5 Pete put sugar into his tea. (cut down on
sugar)
6 Michelle has taken up sport and she looks
much fitter. (give up smoking)
Sally wasn’t at school yesterday.
She might have been ill.
5 1.36 Listen to five dialogues and speculate
about what has happened. Use past modals
to give your reasons.
6 ACTIVATE Work in groups. Look at the photos
and speculate about the situation. Think about
what has happened and why. Use past modals to
give your reasons. Then tell the rest of the class.
C
Finished?
Imagine life in ancient times. Write sentences
about people’s lives, diets and health using
past modals.
The Romans must have been sociable because
they had baths together.
B
D
Health matters 33
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