The effects of third-order torque and self - Saint Louis University

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102. McLaughlin RP, Bennett JC, Trevisi HJ. Systemized orthodontic treatment mechanics. Edinburgh, Scotland, Mosby, 2001. 103. Gioka C, Eliades T. Materials-induced variation in the torque expression of preadjusted appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004;125:323-328. 104. Harzer W, Bourauel C, Gmyrek H. Torque capacity of metal and polycarbonate brackets with and without a metal slot. Eur J Orthod 2004;26:435-441. 105. Feldner JC, Sarkar NK, Sheridan JJ, Lancaster DM. In vitro torque-deformation characteristics of orthodontic polycarbonate brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1994;106:265-272. 106. Sadat-Khonsari R, Moshtaghy A, Schlegel V, Kahl-Nieke B, Moller M, Bauss O. Torque deformation characteristics of plastic brackets: a comparative study. J Orofac Orthop 2004;65:26-33. 107. Kapur R, Sinha PK, Nanda RS. Comparison of load transmission and bracket deformation between titanium and stainless steel brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;116:275-278. 108. Moore MM, Harrington E, Rock WP. Factors affecting friction in the pre-adjusted appliance. Eur J Orthod 2004;26:579-583. 46
Tables Table 2-1: Partial Overview of Self-Ligating Brackets. Year Bracket 47 Mode of Action 1933 Boyd band bracket Passive 1933 Ford lock Passive 1952 Russell appliance Passive 1953 Schurter device Passive 1957 Rubin device Passive 1966 Branson Passive 1972 SPEED System Active 1972 Edgelok bracket Passive 1979 Mobil-Lock bracket Passive 1986 Activa bracket Passive 1995 Time bracket Active 1996 Damon bracket Passive 1998 Twinlock bracket Passive 2000 In-Ovation bracket Active 2000 Damon 2 bracket Passive 2002 In-Ovation R bracket Active 2004 Time2 bracket Active 2004 Damon 3 bracket Passive 2005 SmartClip bracket Passive 2006 Damon 3MX bracket Passive Modified from Woodside, Berger and Hanson, 2005 60
Page 1 and 2:
THE EFFECTS OF THIRD-ORDER TORQUE A
Page 3 and 4:
of torque, all five attachment sets
Page 5 and 6: COMMITTEE IN CHARGE OF CANDIDACY: A
Page 7 and 8: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Partial O
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The special
Page 13 and 14: CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Page 15 and 16: surfaces. 6 The magnitudes of the c
Page 17 and 18: Since the introduction to orthodont
Page 19 and 20: that the application of the Amonton
Page 21 and 22: archwires. At binding angulations,
Page 23 and 24: A phenomenon known as “cold weldi
Page 25 and 26: of round wire with the slot created
Page 27 and 28: acket and the gold-lined Luxi brack
Page 29 and 30: and wire stiffness. As bracket widt
Page 31 and 32: ligation-friction relationship. The
Page 33 and 34: designs have been introduced to the
Page 35 and 36: otated tooth or a twisted rectangul
Page 37 and 38: to incisor irregularity after initi
Page 39 and 40: added. Similarly, Bunkall 15 noted
Page 41 and 42: couple, resulting in the delivery i
Page 43 and 44: Another factor that influences brac
Page 45 and 46: References 1. Stoner MM. Force cont
Page 47 and 48: 19. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ, Ambrose WW
Page 49 and 50: 37. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ, Mayhew MJ,
Page 51 and 52: 56. Khambay B, Millett D, McHugh S.
Page 53 and 54: 75. Tecco S, Festa F, Caputi S, Tra
Page 55: 93. Thorstenson GA, Kusy RP. Effect
Page 59 and 60: significantly less friction than th
Page 61 and 62: optimal clinical results. Fixed-app
Page 63 and 64: self-ligating bracket systems to ma
Page 65 and 66: unconstrained rotation around the l
Page 67 and 68: surface of a tooth-crown. The const
Page 69 and 70: 0.025-inch NuBryte Standard Arch st
Page 71 and 72: test-archwire in place and ligated,
Page 73 and 74: aseline values at 0 degrees of torq
Page 75 and 76: increased to only five degrees. The
Page 77 and 78: tension on one edge of the wire and
Page 79 and 80: set, when the torque angle was incr
Page 81 and 82: with active, self-ligating sets. Th
Page 83 and 84: 11. Kusy RP, Whitley JQ. Effects of
Page 85 and 86: 33. Andreasen GF, Quevedo FR. Evalu
Page 87 and 88: 54. Downing A, McCabe JF, Gordon PH
Page 89 and 90: 76. Thorstenson GA, Kusy RP. Effect
Page 91 and 92: Table 3-2: Significance levels (α
Page 93 and 94: Table 3-4: Mean differences in fric
Page 95 and 96: Figure 3-3: Control of the third-or
Page 97 and 98: Figure 3-9: Victory bracket Figure
Page 99 and 100: Figure 3-12: Cross-section diagrams
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The effects of third-order torque and self - Saint Louis University

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