The effects of third-order torque and self - Saint Louis University
The effects of third-order torque and self - Saint Louis University
The effects of third-order torque and self - Saint Louis University
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significantly less friction than the set with<br />
elastomerically ligated Victory brackets. At ±10 degrees<br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>torque</strong>, all five attachment sets displayed similar<br />
resistances with the exception <strong>of</strong> the In-Ovation R set at<br />
+10 degrees. At ±15 degrees <strong>of</strong> <strong>torque</strong>, the In-Ovation R<br />
<strong>and</strong> the SmartClip sets produced significantly larger<br />
frictional resistances than the other three sets.<br />
<strong>The</strong> data suggest that the presence <strong>of</strong> <strong>third</strong>-<strong>order</strong><br />
<strong>torque</strong> can influence the kinetic frictional resistances in<br />
posterior dental segments during anterior retraction using<br />
sliding mechanics with <strong>self</strong>-ligating brackets <strong>and</strong> that<br />
frictional resistance will increase at a greater rate when<br />
the <strong>torque</strong> exceeds ±10 degrees with the present combination<br />
<strong>of</strong> sizes <strong>of</strong> slots <strong>and</strong> wire. Furthermore, whether a <strong>self</strong>-<br />
ligated bracket is active or passive may not be clinically<br />
significant regarding friction in the presence <strong>of</strong> <strong>torque</strong><br />
approaching <strong>and</strong> exceeding 15 degrees.<br />
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