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Th. Belgid Fpts EmiL verh&En ud M,urie Meblinck *erc also rmpotunl<br />
synbolisls as {eE rqo Am6ic& ex$ri es livins in Fd.c., F@cb Vi€E4rimn<br />
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h.d lo conlend wilh the imp@t <strong>of</strong> nvo casclysms: world war l(1914-1918)dd world<br />
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acuomponled rhem havc iesled humsir) s belicl in rhe eristcnce ol0 cod dnd rhe<br />
nlicf in lh. soodDcs <strong>of</strong> huoo natuE Conrnnrd silh 'hcF cald<strong>it</strong>ous r'6, the<br />
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FEnch inLlleluals *.re focd lo &knowledge th.t prcvioudy held bclicrs had lailc!<br />
ro cl* a mop hm.n sorld. Anong the beliels rhar cdc inro qu.iion *e( rl'.<br />
fahh in hums naluF inheriled lmm rhe Rc.aksnce. the fa<strong>it</strong>h in nacriaL progNs<br />
bcqudrhed b' rhe €nlighrenocnr- a4 espcciall_\, rle \ o6hip ol tehnoloBt p6sd on<br />
by the lndustrial Revolurion. r_rcnch wrir?u livins in a ns world <strong>of</strong> nucles energy,<br />
mpuledarion, lnd hcas.d oedia innuene $ughr to ftd.nn lhen oh in siery<br />
dnd lhen con€pls <strong>of</strong> lneGtu.. The Frrnch srheB are sid ro have conribuled a lor in<br />
spRadin3 rhe elment and ue<strong>of</strong>symbolhm in the *dnd lircftruE M.NamaBll59)is<br />
oalhcyi* that n *as. in thc fi6( plac.. S)mons $ho s.n.mlly is et.osledg.d as t<br />
primar! source in inrrcducin8 Symbolism inlo Ery nh liremry_ *oid.<br />
Durin8lh. ld Norhi!& 6r th. l9tn century, $e vicroriai ck psduced an amazing<br />
nunba orpoplar nor.linl dd Dcts. Tl'is tinc pcriod ea rhc ris <strong>of</strong> & in@insly<br />
ulbsized. middl€1.s, Md .ducded leier! rhat included r much l.€d iclding<br />
audienc. Mony lulnots *dte aboul chuetss ind s<strong>it</strong>urilns *.ll-tuD*n or slL,<br />
conpEhensible ro lh.i audicn* and *ume u.nc.ell) popula. aid in buch "irn<br />
lheir vsr @ddship lo a dcgr@ rol matehed in rhc 20th €nrury Pcdaps rhc nosr<br />
ldar author <strong>of</strong> lhis inc ws Chel6 Dick ni rho ponmtd the h.rdshils <strong>of</strong>$c<br />
working cl8 while c<strong>it</strong>icizing diddl€las life, Wrire6 poninenr duriis the hefi <strong>of</strong><br />
dc vidorim period i.clude ceorle Elior. sho. defire bdn! a rnic oiclri$iarnt-<br />
was knorn loi her intens.. noral novehr William Makepeacc Thackerav. who sm(e<br />
humobu! ponalrk <strong>of</strong> diddlc md upp.Fclds lifq th. arcntc sisr.rc-{harlo@.<br />
Emily, dd AmrwhG nov.k rdd.d ro bc autobiosmphical; Arlhoy l Bllop.- a<br />
l..n obervq <strong>of</strong> pol<strong>it</strong>iB dd upDer Vicrorid sierti and Rob€n Louh Stevenson.<br />
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