Soil Report - Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada

tations .
(2) Brantford soils are fair to good for forest productivity,
with limitations mainly relating to their high clay content .
Figure 27 . Dwarf apples on moderately sloping Brantford
soils near Tyrrel
Brooke Soils (BOK)
Location and Extent Brooke soils have a very limited
occurrence in the region . They occur on the limestone
plain, west of Springvale, in the northern part of the City of
Nanticoke . There are no pure Brooke map units, only one
complex map unit of Brooke and Granby soils, where
Brooke soils occupy 44 ha .
Landform and Topography Brooke soils occupy a level
area of the limestone plain . a physiographic region of
shallow soil over bedrock . The topography is level because
of bedrock control, and slopes are usually 0.5-1% .
Parent Materials, and Textures Brooke soils have usually
developed on variable soil parent materials less than 20 cm
thick over bedrock . They are composed mostly of sandy
surface materials that grade into loamy materials just above
the bedrock .
Soil Moisture Characteristics Brooke soils are poorly drained .
They range from rapidly to moderately permeable . They
are usually saturated for lengthy periods every year by
groundwater ponded on the relatively impermeable bedrock .
The water-holding capacity of Brooke soils is variable, and
surface runoff is slow .
General Soil Description The surface Ap horizon consists
of 10-15 cm of variably textured materials, usually sandy,
over somewhat loamier soil materials in the Bg horizon .
Prominent, strong brown mottles occur in the Bg horizon .
Limestone bedrock usually appears at depths shallower than
20 cm . Soil classification is Orthic Humic Gleysol .
Commonly Associated Soils Brooke soils are associated
with very shallow phase Granby soils (GNY.V) in map unit
BOK 1 . Like Brooke soils these Granby soils are poorly
drained, shallow (20-50 cm) to bedrock, but they have
dominantly loamy sand textures.
General Land Use Comments
(1) Brooke soils have virtually no agricultural importance
because they are so shallow over bedrock . They may have
some very limited use for perennial forages .
(2) Brooke soils are also of little value for forestry because of
shallowness over bedrock .
Burford Soils (BUF)
Location and Extent Burford soils are of limited extent in
the region, and are only mapped at several locations
between Simcoe and Tillsonburg, and north of Delhi . There
are 99 ha of pure Burford map units, and 84 ha of Burford
soils in complex map units where they are most often
associated with Fox or Walsingham soils .
Landform and Topography Burford soils are mapped on
old terraces of Big Creek and some neighboring outwash
areas in the Norfolk sand plain . Burford soils are found on
topography ranging from nearly level to strongly sloping .
Parent Materials and Textures Burford soils have mostly
developed on glaciofluvial deposits of gravelly loamy coarse
sand . These gravelly materials may be overlain by as much
as 40 cm of sandy loam or loamy sand that contains up to
20% gravel .
Soil Moisture Characteristics Burford soils are rapidly to
well drained . They are rapidly permeable . They generally
have low water-holding capacities and definite droughtiness
limitations . They have slow surface runoff except on steeper
slopes .
General Soil Description The surface Ap horizons usually
consist of 20-25 cm of sandy loam or loamy sand, with
various amounts of gravel . They are underlain by thin B
horizon layers that terminate in the Ck horizons, usually at
the 20-50 cm depth . The gravel content of the Ck horizon is
at least 20%, and the texture is usually gravelly loamy coarse
sand . Calcareousness of the Ck horizons ranges from
moderately to extremely calcareous. Soil reaction is slightly
acidic or neutral in the upper horizons, and mildly to
moderately alkaline in the subsoil . Soil classification is
usually Orthic Gray Brown Luvisol .
Commonly Associated Soils Burford soils occur with Fox
(FOX) soils in map unit BUF 2, and with Walsingham
(WAM) soils in map unit BUF 3 . Fox soils differ in having
loamy sand or sand textures, greater than one m thick .
Walsingham soils differ by being imperfectly drained, and
having mainly fine sand textures .
General Land Use Comments
(1) The Burford soils on nearly level to gently sloping terrain
have limited agricultural value because of their droughtiness
limitations . They are mostly used for winter wheat and grain
corn . When used for higher value crops such as tobacco,
supplemental irrigation is necessary .
(2) Burford soils are generally fair to poor for most commercial
forest species because of their droughtiness and high carbonate
contents .
Colwood Soils (CWO)
Location and Extent Colwood soils are found on areas
where lacustrine silts form important components of clay
plains, e .g. north and west of Port Rowan, north of Simcoe,
and in the Dunnville area . There are 1558 ha of pure
Colwood map units, and 4486 ha of Colwood soils in
complex map units where they are most often associated
with Tuscola, Maplewood and Walsingham soils .
Landform and Topography Colwood soils occupy relatively
level areas on the Haldimand clay plain, and on smaller lake
plains in the Port Rowan-Langton areas . Their topography
ranges from level to very gently sloping with the average
slope about 1% .