You can download this volume here - Electric Scotland

194 Firth : English
and American Civil Wars
The military parallel is not less suggestively handled. It is pointed out
that in both struggles the victorious side owed much to the assistance of the
naval forces of the nation and to the possession of greater resources. But
the North had the advantage over the Parliament in having for it from
the first all that the country possessed of a professional army. Yet this
trained nucleus was not properly utilised to leaven the raw levies of the
North, and whereas the Parliament owed its victory to its success in creating
a disciplined and organised force while the Royalists remained undisciplined
and therefore inefficient, the North achieved success in the end not by superior
discipline and soldierliness, nor by superior strategy, but by sheer weight
of numbers and a relentless policy of mere attrition. If Grant be contrasted
with Lee and Jackson the comparison favours the vanquished far more than
it does if Cromwell be matched against Rupert.
Finally Professor Firth deals with the settlements which followed the
wars, and the treatment meted out to the vanquished. The North may
appear to more advantage here, but between 1650 and 1865 political
education had progressed, and the attitude of the American nation towards
the necessity of compromise was well ahead of the English two hundred
years earlier ; moreover, in England stern measures were only taken after
the Second Civil War. The lands of the Southerners were not confiscated,
but they were none the less ruined by the emancipation of the
slaves and the monstrous folly of giving the franchise to the emancipated
negroes, while the ex-Confederates were deprived of political power, has no
parallel in England. And this
enfranchising of a class unfitted to exercise
so much so that
political power has had, as it always will, very bad results,
Professor Firth its compares consequences to the
legacy which Cromwell's
Irish policy has left behind.
C. T. ATKINSON.
THE LIFE OF BENVENUTO CELLINI. A new version by Robert H.
Hobart Cust, M.A. Vol. I. Pp. xxxvii, 390. Vol. II. Pp. xx, 533.
With portrait and many illustrations. Post 8vo. London : G. Bell
& Sons. 1910. 255. net.
AMONGST artistic autobiographies none stands quite so high for vividness
of interest, picturesqueness of incident, and abandon in
telling,
as that
written by Benvenuto Cellini, the celebrated artist-craftsman and sculptor
'
of Florence. Mr. Arthur Symons said : He hurls at you this book of
his own deeds that it may smite you into acquiescent admiration,' and
reading his story afresh, in the new translation by
Mr. R. H. Hobart
Cust, one admits at once the vital success which attended his literary
adventure.
While Cellini's reputation as an artist is not perhaps what it was, his
great technical finesse being required to palliate the over-ornateness of
his
style, his name still remains synonymous with all that is most
characteristic of renaissance skill in jewellery and small-scale sculpture.
of fate that
Yet, as Mr. Cust points out, it is something of an irony