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334 J-
Maitland Anderson
While the main objects of the foundation of the Universitywere
the advancement of learning and the maintenance of the
catholic faith, the immediate purpose of the charter appears to
have been to secure a good understanding between the members
of the University and the authorities and people of the town.
It was the founder's earnest desire that the University and the
city might flourish together, that the influence of the University
might render the city powerful, and that in this peaceful and
prosperous condition the study of divine and human law, of
medicine, and of the liberal arts or faculties might be ardently
carried on. To accomplish this end the Bishop placed the
University and all its members under the special protection of
himself and his successors, and invested them with various
immunities, privileges, and liberties.
Throughout the jurisdiction of the Bishop, members of the
University were to have free power of buying whatever they
required, and especially things pertaining to food and clothing,
without exactions or customs, or of license asked of any one
whatsoever. They were also to have the power of selling their
own goods, provided they did not bring them into the town for
the purpose of trade. An assize of bread and ale, and appraisings
of things pertaining to food, were to be fully observed, and
delinquents in these matters punished. It was to be the duty
of the Rector of the University to report defaulters to the
Provost or to any of the bailies of the town, and to demand
If this demand
that they be sufficiently corrected and punished.
were not complied with within twenty-four hours, the power of
correction and punishment was to be transferred to the Rector
himself. In the event of a dispute arising between the Rector
and the Provost or bailies, the Bishop reserved the cognisance
and determination of it to himself and his successors. Whenever
the Provost or any of the bailies was found culpable or negligent
in the administration of justice, he, as well as the delinquents,
was to be handed over to the Rector to be duly punished
saving certain privileges, liberties, and customs enjoyed by the
Prior, the chapter, and the Archdeacon in their baronies within
the city.
The Rector was also granted jurisdiction over those, whether
clergy or laity, who injured or wronged members of the University,
the offence was not heinous. In like manner all civil
provided
causes, actions, and complaints of scholars, against any person
whatever were, at the wish of the said scholars, to be heard in