Mireille Consalvey PhD Thesis - University of St Andrews

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0.90 E 0.88 U- Li 0.86 0.84 Low tide cu .D 0.82 E 0.80 n E x co 2 0.78 0.76 176 minutes Immersion time at site (407 minutes) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Cumulative exposure time (minutes) Cores artificially flooded . Cores left exposed Figure 4.13: Change in FIF,,, 15 over the exposure period (Eden February) (mean + SE). Final 2 data points taken after time of immersion at site.
E E m T 160- 140- 120- 100 cl, 80 - '0 60- 40- 20- 0 0.25- 0.20- 0.15- OAo- 0.05- 0.00 120 1001 80 C33 60 CO T 0 ýp 40 20 0 Start Middle End Time in exposure period Start Middle End Time in exposure period Dark/tide Dark/no tide Light/tide Light/no tide Experimental conditions Figure 4.14: Change in chl a with time over emersion period (Eden April) expressed as mean + SE (A) per weight and B) per area and (C) chlorophyll a content at the end of the emersion period under 4 manipulated conditions
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42 =>
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Table of Contents Declaration ii Ac
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4 Laboratory investigation into mic
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temperatures on fluorescence parame
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always been real sweeties. Also tha
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Chl Chlorophyll Chl a Chlorophyll a
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CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION Wo
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(, 'I, I 1)CI ii I lU RH araphid (n
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dpl. II (I c I) cIq 111 I-Itro-ducJ
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c 11 cIa 11 (T-oduct-Ioll integrate
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( lapRl Wilclul IfInOdik 11011 impo
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Chdpt(1111 1. -, -- I--, -- -- I, -
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(-Jlaptýýr j( rcllcj-ý11 ý: - o
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1.3.2. The Photosynthetic carbon re
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( CflCI iii I TI )dU( t Zingmark 19
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( lidptLI ( ft fln JI flU UII Di wh
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Cha ter I (iclicl-al IntroiftwOoll
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whilst cells minimise their exposur
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1. Pigments Introduction Chlorophyl
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Spectral reflectance studies examin
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(-'Ilaptcýr J, I, -, --, --, --, -
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( anci JII )tI( )(Jtk IO) which buf
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( ! p1'1 -- -1 -ý T-( ý 1)era J-1
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Uh Temporal changes in the microsca
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(I (rcI IpuiE't, cells as they emer
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( hap'wv -1 ( ýI II ntrodt 1ý t I
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( hapi"T 1 11 1- 11 1- ---- -- -- 1
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(A lal )te II- iý; 11 11 1 1- IIIJ
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( 1ý lv-ý ý12, -) -, - -- - -- -
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2.1.3. The Colne Estuary "VIt"utc-1
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(I --- -- "I'l- I -11-1--l- -I--"--
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E I I Uneven surface topography ma]
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2.4. Wet bulk density (Equation 2.2
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('liapti 2- 2.5.4. Cell identificat
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( hapt )- acetone and DMF do not di
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Chapter 2 Materials and Nlethocts P
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Prior to a run all solvents were ge
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(h1ft 'ý, I (I ', tý7! ýI)iI"Iý
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QLapteLi2 2.6.6. Troubleshooting th
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---- ------ at 486.5 nm on a Cecil
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Figure 2.10. A) The fibre optic mea
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tcl -1 Materials jnd 'Mclho(k attac
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Chapt r2 Materials mid Methods A hi
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2 2.9.2. Fluorescence parameters Fl
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CHAPTER THREE ! i()fi1I1I 1]lILli\L
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- -I ii-ofj) II 1- 1-() 111 llatim
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Biofilill follllýltioll ailki de,
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I Fresh sea water 0 inflow Petri di
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" V. 74ý IkIftill AV Ali 4ft llý
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CD 70 60 50 40 30 20 02468 10 12 14
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'I) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
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Aiil- . -, ý'. 4 ý.. , lo "CJ U r
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70 65 60 55 50 -m 45 0 C) cu E 40 3
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3.1. There was a significant differ
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(F5,12ý1.48, p=O. 266). The colloi
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ý-Jofilj I I,, Corn I, atio IIoIId
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100- 80- 60- 40- 20- 01 0 100-1 80
Page 116 and 117: 6) 5 4 3 2 I 01111 40 45 50 55 7- 6
Page 118 and 119: llaptýýl 3 Riof-11111 f6l matioll
Page 120 and 121: C, ý E z 6 5- 4 3- 6- 2- 5- _0 4-
Page 122 and 123: 13i(, )flllll f'ormatioll alld (]C\
Page 124 and 125: Colloidal carbohydrates 13iof-11111
Page 126 and 127: - ------ J i of -11 d 11 -i dd and
Page 128 and 129: ! )f]llfl 101 IfliltIoll l1l(l1l de
Page 130 and 131: The presence of grazers in the fiel
Page 132 and 133: Table 3.4: Correlative relationship
Page 134 and 135: I. ahoratory investiLalion iln-lo-
Page 136 and 137: Chapici 4 Laborator\ hivest' jgauml
Page 138 and 139: 11 tei 41 ahora ao I% tigallon -- i
Page 140 and 141: "' 0 . C13 CIS m 1 1 ; -10 --1 5 -0
Page 142 and 143: u r . mu tu Q) Q) P. Q) C) 2 ý- ý
Page 144 and 145: liapiý,, i 4 iilvý: Ajt III()[) l
Page 146 and 147: . ..... ..... kihorator wo Inicrol)
Page 148 and 149: Water level 00 High tide Low 10 tid
Page 150 and 151: Chapter 4 4.2.4. Pigment determinat
Page 152 and 153: IIa lit ei--" -aborutorv II III to,
Page 154 and 155: LO (n CD 0 140 120 100 80 =3 i; --
Page 156 and 157: C: 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 .2o. o4 0 co
Page 158 and 159: 0.88 0.86 LO Eý 0.84 LLý 0.82 0.8
Page 160 and 161: -C 100 200 300 400 500 PPFD (ý, mo
Page 162 and 163: ( li-, tp-lci 4_-, -- -, -1, aho_r
Page 164 and 165: C: E 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 2 c:: 0.4 (D c
Page 168 and 169: -. 1-Aho-ratory i 11-1ý1, -Clýtj
Page 170 and 171: 0 CL (D Cl) 0 CL x 0 w -0 21 G) cm
Page 172 and 173: Rates of change (Eden April) 1) Ove
Page 174 and 175: liapl, cr 4 1.. ahoray III%: (, 1:
Page 176 and 177: 0.82 'ý' 0.81 LL. . 2) 0.80 0.79 0
Page 178 and 179: ce Cd -a gý- -+ Um (n " -C. , m CI
Page 180 and 181: ( hapt I ahorator u on ns1r / in wa
Page 182 and 183: (11ýqjtý2i 4 I. abon'tiolvimc, .
Page 184 and 185: J-1a Ii 1--c i oll Itil'o tll'! rw
Page 186 and 187: ( ! q)1 II CtRdtIO(I Ito flhII 01)h
Page 188 and 189: In ýiw mw Ll->illýg CHAPTER FIVE
Page 190 and 191: %im illvestiLalion into micronfivto
Page 192 and 193: ( /11 /Iu The following day the tan
Page 194 and 195: Figure 5.2: (A) Experimental set-up
Page 196 and 197: f- Ii 7-f .r- 1« Figure 5.3: (A) T
Page 198 and 199: Table 5.5: Sampling schedules in si
Page 200 and 201: Changes in Fluorescence parameters
Page 202 and 203: 5.3.2. Colne Estuary (U. K. ) Day 1
Page 204 and 205: hi . ýilll jtlvý: SliLatiorl lilt
Page 206 and 207: 0 0- 0- C 0) 0- 2000 1500 )6 42 c:
Page 208 and 209: ýifu ilivcSit'. 'alion ilito 1111c
Page 210 and 211: 5.3.3. Eden Estuary (U. K. ) Physic
Page 212 and 213: 300- 275- 250- 225- c 200- 0 :3 = 1
Page 214 and 215: 1.6 1.4 E 1.2 =3 D 0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.
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1'-1 wa 1wation 111to 1111cl YI In
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ct C) 1: 1 ý, c r- 00 kf) a c) t)b
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( hcqici Iii situ n Ito 1 ICI Oph\
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Cý, ýZlt]Oll 111to l! llCloDl)vLo
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n Sim Into Jlqý: loj! hyw be I Ith
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n wif Im iý ýI Im Ill to III 11ý
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hapler 5- In sill Iin vcstjý, a Ii
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ha In ýim ilm CS11,2anorl into --p
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'hapt in I'l II cl-w II rl I,, CHAP
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(, 11 a tý-c-t -) --0 operational
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( hdpir ( 1)ici iition in rlI]cIopl
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(--- 1)cI \ ai 1JI? )fl fl rfliL to
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Chapici 6 Dwl \ariatioriý, m biol-
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11c1j)ft () I )1 ai a in iiioiJIi t
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(-J Table 6.2: Sampling schedule Ye
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0 DI-cl (B) Sampling schedule March
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hajll(! l 0 \arij1jorv, -jn cc and
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CD C) CD 0 CD (D 000C, C> CD 0 LO N
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(D CD CD 000 06 0 C, C, 0 CD CD 00
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= - $: I. Ln -tj 03 9b 03 1=1 0 rq
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C> 00 (D CD- CD ci -02Q CD 2m -0 e
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0 co "' - (A) 90- 80- 70-- ý() z-
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C) (Z 0- cu to o .=Vý E5 C> 7ý 4.
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a C 0 N N >1 m R (D r _0 c cu I -X:
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- - 7-2.1 ': --. ... .......... _t.
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ii . p. -'I;? I Sediment surfau-ý
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E 75 E =L 7ý5 .. 0 1400 - 1200- 10
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E E LLI 24- 22- 20- 18- 16- 14- 12-
Page 272 and 273:
PPFD lam CD s 03 0 -1Z) N V (-) 0 4
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0 Cl) I- 0 CD r4 cq ý2 9 CD co C)
Page 276 and 277:
1'1 1' 1 1" 1" I 040 VA "0 o' U. MS
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( ldJ)t1 (I )i ii Predicted and mea
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( () primary productivity (mg C (mg
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significantly higher in the top 0-2
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Chapter 6 Diel variations in microp
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ohic hioiihn-, sediment surface, oc
Page 288 and 289:
( () -I -- -- --- I---, - ---I, - -
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increasing PPFD; first an apparent
Page 292 and 293:
Lj1)I ( i)icl dl ItR)fl Ii tfl)LI)J
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6---- - -- , --- -- ---- -- -Dicl h
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ý w pwr-- 111 I I- CHAPTERSEVEN k_
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vs, iioil--mi ratorv -,, bioiflins
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ato I-V Vý11,11011-111! the total
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E LZ -0 5 L4 ý7- 'ol r a- 0I 00 CM
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( hatei \1 'IcLtU1 S. iig a1or hiln
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cm E7 -*-Cover - Hole for probe Lid
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(A) rrr Uk Ilmol ms) Temperature Da
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C ulorv \ S. lloll-ml, ýrworv Nigh
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N-liý-, ralol v hiol-11111"', Tabl
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N1111 ý, ral ol-I -V--\ ". alorv -
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weeq 5upjr4es 6ulinp plalA eoueosaj
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( llaptcl- -; " -1 -I", ý -, l, '
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700 m (D ýo 0) 600 .2 03 U) 500 't
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('11a -, - Pl(ýT I--I-- ,t, III ý
Page 324 and 325:
E -0 (ID 0 0 (ID 0 C 0 c-) -g H ,z
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ý'Ilap! c 7 MI oratory vs. nop-miu
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('haPltcT 7 -Migiatoiv \. -,. tion-
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( iaptl 121 alory s l1o1iiflldtory
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Hypothesis 5: NPQ will be highest a
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minimum and maximum fluorescence yi
Page 336 and 337:
Cha )1(: r 'Vii--latorv ý-, -1 A I
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v vs. 11011-IT . ratory hiolilms -M
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Chapter 7 MiLlatorv v. ". lioll-lim
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Chapt(j 7 s, non-im ratory biot-ilm
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0 E H Cl. 0 -Izý "0 $n. -0 CA 7ý
Page 346 and 347:
( 'llapt c I'll" - 11 - -11,1 1111-
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( llcpk'i_ ( rencral living on, as
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cral I )isctv, -, jon Hythe showed
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ý cKS -1-la-IM, -- (lencral Di-scu
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Cha ici 8 Oencral Di-scussion large
Page 356 and 357:
Chaplet 8 I- I (-. Tciwr, al may th
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( liapRi - ( icnerl I )! ', tR)II D
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hapter ( cncra I )i ii in smaller t
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8.4. Summary -( ic w ra 11, ) ISC L
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9) LTS-EM analysis provided evidenc
Page 367 and 368:
9. Reference List PA , )ý ý, 1j,
Page 369 and 370:
photosynthesis and chlorophyll in t
Page 371 and 372:
Fauvel, P. and Bohn, G. (1907). Le
Page 373 and 374:
Blackwell scientific publications,
Page 375 and 376:
Kilhl, M., Glud, R. N., Ploug, H. a
Page 377 and 378:
Palmer, J. D. and Round, F. E. (196
Page 379 and 380:
Pinckney, J., Piceno, Y. and Lovell
Page 381 and 382:
Ser6dio, J., Marques da Silva, J. a
Page 383 and 384:
Wessels, N. K. and Hopson, J. L. (1
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Mireille Consalvey PhD Thesis - University of St Andrews

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