Mireille Consalvey PhD Thesis - University of St Andrews

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ct C) 1: 1 ý, c r- 00 kf) a c) t)b E 0 := , ý, - E C, CIA cz E - C u C) := Cý! 00 Cý C: ) + C> + M -aý M -a C) cq Cý W% 00 cq 6 +1 M 00 - cq 6 +1 6 +I 6 +I C: > + C) + m t1r) 00 rl- 00 C) + C: ) + C: ) + Cý cq r- - Cý 00 00 M +1 +1 C; +1 Qn rA rA 0 0 =1 4.1 7E Q) :: I 01 cn ýn, 1 , It C) + 6 6 6 6 C-) + M -a C: ) + + cn +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 ý -, z; 11. ) 10 I. Cl (1) - C) " 0. ) N = = "- CIA -C-. ý, >ý >1 >-, '5> 53 , -2 M I= M 110. CIA ý, C) + 00 rl)
LO 1200 1100 1000 goo- 800- T 700- 600- 500- 0 400- .E Z, 1 300 200-4 100 04 08 17 0, 05- 04 .., 12 to 08 06 04 02 rl 00 -02 -04 -06 -08 0,70- -1.0 (F) Time of imm -on at it, 065- (354 -nutealiO 34) ( E ) L.. We .1 ýita Time L.. fid. of .1.. 1. .1 it. (140 .a nua mino 107 00ý 54 ý . 110.34) 060 5 0- I LI, lide W Ite 40 minutV07,00) T-, fa-po, - týie (900mIn. t.. /1 940) Tin (690 .. n. l.. 116 10) 2 000400-1 1ý0 2ýO 30' 0 40' 0 50'o 61ý0 7ýO 880 040 045- (690m, nut.. /16 10) (900 -nut-119 2000 1500 1ooo 0 100 200 3ýO 4; 0 5ýO 6; 0 71ý0 8; 0 9; 0 10,00 Figure 5.14: Change in PPFD (dashed lines) and minimum fluorescence yield (mean + SE) in dark (square) and light (circles) cores over the day (A) Hythe and (B) Arlesford Creek; change in the rate of change (mean + SE) in dark cores (C) Hythe and (D) Arlesford Creek change in F, IF,, (mean + SE) in dark cores (E) Hythe and (F) Arlesford Creek 350- -1500300- 250- 10(%00 - 150- -500 100- -0 50 0L 200 400 600 800 1000 0 200 400 600 800 1000 500 0 E 40)
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42 =>
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Table of Contents Declaration ii Ac
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4 Laboratory investigation into mic
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temperatures on fluorescence parame
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always been real sweeties. Also tha
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Chl Chlorophyll Chl a Chlorophyll a
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CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION Wo
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(, 'I, I 1)CI ii I lU RH araphid (n
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dpl. II (I c I) cIq 111 I-Itro-ducJ
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c 11 cIa 11 (T-oduct-Ioll integrate
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( lapRl Wilclul IfInOdik 11011 impo
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Chdpt(1111 1. -, -- I--, -- -- I, -
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(-Jlaptýýr j( rcllcj-ý11 ý: - o
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1.3.2. The Photosynthetic carbon re
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( CflCI iii I TI )dU( t Zingmark 19
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( lidptLI ( ft fln JI flU UII Di wh
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Cha ter I (iclicl-al IntroiftwOoll
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whilst cells minimise their exposur
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1. Pigments Introduction Chlorophyl
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Spectral reflectance studies examin
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(-'Ilaptcýr J, I, -, --, --, --, -
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( anci JII )tI( )(Jtk IO) which buf
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( ! p1'1 -- -1 -ý T-( ý 1)era J-1
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Uh Temporal changes in the microsca
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(I (rcI IpuiE't, cells as they emer
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( hap'wv -1 ( ýI II ntrodt 1ý t I
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( hapi"T 1 11 1- 11 1- ---- -- -- 1
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(A lal )te II- iý; 11 11 1 1- IIIJ
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( 1ý lv-ý ý12, -) -, - -- - -- -
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2.1.3. The Colne Estuary "VIt"utc-1
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(I --- -- "I'l- I -11-1--l- -I--"--
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E I I Uneven surface topography ma]
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2.4. Wet bulk density (Equation 2.2
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('liapti 2- 2.5.4. Cell identificat
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( hapt )- acetone and DMF do not di
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Chapter 2 Materials and Nlethocts P
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Prior to a run all solvents were ge
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(h1ft 'ý, I (I ', tý7! ýI)iI"Iý
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QLapteLi2 2.6.6. Troubleshooting th
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---- ------ at 486.5 nm on a Cecil
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Figure 2.10. A) The fibre optic mea
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tcl -1 Materials jnd 'Mclho(k attac
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Chapt r2 Materials mid Methods A hi
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2 2.9.2. Fluorescence parameters Fl
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CHAPTER THREE ! i()fi1I1I 1]lILli\L
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- -I ii-ofj) II 1- 1-() 111 llatim
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Biofilill follllýltioll ailki de,
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I Fresh sea water 0 inflow Petri di
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" V. 74ý IkIftill AV Ali 4ft llý
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CD 70 60 50 40 30 20 02468 10 12 14
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'I) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0
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Aiil- . -, ý'. 4 ý.. , lo "CJ U r
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70 65 60 55 50 -m 45 0 C) cu E 40 3
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3.1. There was a significant differ
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(F5,12ý1.48, p=O. 266). The colloi
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ý-Jofilj I I,, Corn I, atio IIoIId
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100- 80- 60- 40- 20- 01 0 100-1 80
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6) 5 4 3 2 I 01111 40 45 50 55 7- 6
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llaptýýl 3 Riof-11111 f6l matioll
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C, ý E z 6 5- 4 3- 6- 2- 5- _0 4-
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13i(, )flllll f'ormatioll alld (]C\
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Colloidal carbohydrates 13iof-11111
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- ------ J i of -11 d 11 -i dd and
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! )f]llfl 101 IfliltIoll l1l(l1l de
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The presence of grazers in the fiel
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Table 3.4: Correlative relationship
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I. ahoratory investiLalion iln-lo-
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Chapici 4 Laborator\ hivest' jgauml
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11 tei 41 ahora ao I% tigallon -- i
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"' 0 . C13 CIS m 1 1 ; -10 --1 5 -0
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u r . mu tu Q) Q) P. Q) C) 2 ý- ý
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liapiý,, i 4 iilvý: Ajt III()[) l
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. ..... ..... kihorator wo Inicrol)
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Water level 00 High tide Low 10 tid
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Chapter 4 4.2.4. Pigment determinat
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IIa lit ei--" -aborutorv II III to,
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LO (n CD 0 140 120 100 80 =3 i; --
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C: 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 .2o. o4 0 co
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0.88 0.86 LO Eý 0.84 LLý 0.82 0.8
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-C 100 200 300 400 500 PPFD (ý, mo
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( li-, tp-lci 4_-, -- -, -1, aho_r
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C: E 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 2 c:: 0.4 (D c
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0.90 E 0.88 U- Li 0.86 0.84 Low tid
Page 168 and 169: -. 1-Aho-ratory i 11-1ý1, -Clýtj
Page 170 and 171: 0 CL (D Cl) 0 CL x 0 w -0 21 G) cm
Page 172 and 173: Rates of change (Eden April) 1) Ove
Page 174 and 175: liapl, cr 4 1.. ahoray III%: (, 1:
Page 176 and 177: 0.82 'ý' 0.81 LL. . 2) 0.80 0.79 0
Page 178 and 179: ce Cd -a gý- -+ Um (n " -C. , m CI
Page 180 and 181: ( hapt I ahorator u on ns1r / in wa
Page 182 and 183: (11ýqjtý2i 4 I. abon'tiolvimc, .
Page 184 and 185: J-1a Ii 1--c i oll Itil'o tll'! rw
Page 186 and 187: ( ! q)1 II CtRdtIO(I Ito flhII 01)h
Page 188 and 189: In ýiw mw Ll->illýg CHAPTER FIVE
Page 190 and 191: %im illvestiLalion into micronfivto
Page 192 and 193: ( /11 /Iu The following day the tan
Page 194 and 195: Figure 5.2: (A) Experimental set-up
Page 196 and 197: f- Ii 7-f .r- 1« Figure 5.3: (A) T
Page 198 and 199: Table 5.5: Sampling schedules in si
Page 200 and 201: Changes in Fluorescence parameters
Page 202 and 203: 5.3.2. Colne Estuary (U. K. ) Day 1
Page 204 and 205: hi . ýilll jtlvý: SliLatiorl lilt
Page 206 and 207: 0 0- 0- C 0) 0- 2000 1500 )6 42 c:
Page 208 and 209: ýifu ilivcSit'. 'alion ilito 1111c
Page 210 and 211: 5.3.3. Eden Estuary (U. K. ) Physic
Page 212 and 213: 300- 275- 250- 225- c 200- 0 :3 = 1
Page 214 and 215: 1.6 1.4 E 1.2 =3 D 0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.
Page 216 and 217: 1'-1 wa 1wation 111to 1111cl YI In
Page 220 and 221: ( hcqici Iii situ n Ito 1 ICI Oph\
Page 222 and 223: Cý, ýZlt]Oll 111to l! llCloDl)vLo
Page 224 and 225: n Sim Into Jlqý: loj! hyw be I Ith
Page 226 and 227: n wif Im iý ýI Im Ill to III 11ý
Page 228 and 229: hapler 5- In sill Iin vcstjý, a Ii
Page 230 and 231: ha In ýim ilm CS11,2anorl into --p
Page 232 and 233: 'hapt in I'l II cl-w II rl I,, CHAP
Page 234 and 235: (, 11 a tý-c-t -) --0 operational
Page 236 and 237: ( hdpir ( 1)ici iition in rlI]cIopl
Page 238 and 239: (--- 1)cI \ ai 1JI? )fl fl rfliL to
Page 240 and 241: Chapici 6 Dwl \ariatioriý, m biol-
Page 242 and 243: 11c1j)ft () I )1 ai a in iiioiJIi t
Page 244 and 245: (-J Table 6.2: Sampling schedule Ye
Page 246 and 247: 0 DI-cl (B) Sampling schedule March
Page 248 and 249: hajll(! l 0 \arij1jorv, -jn cc and
Page 250 and 251: CD C) CD 0 CD (D 000C, C> CD 0 LO N
Page 252 and 253: (D CD CD 000 06 0 C, C, 0 CD CD 00
Page 254 and 255: = - $: I. Ln -tj 03 9b 03 1=1 0 rq
Page 256 and 257: C> 00 (D CD- CD ci -02Q CD 2m -0 e
Page 258 and 259: 0 co "' - (A) 90- 80- 70-- ý() z-
Page 260 and 261: C) (Z 0- cu to o .=Vý E5 C> 7ý 4.
Page 262 and 263: a C 0 N N >1 m R (D r _0 c cu I -X:
Page 264 and 265: - - 7-2.1 ': --. ... .......... _t.
Page 266 and 267: ii . p. -'I;? I Sediment surfau-ý
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E 75 E =L 7ý5 .. 0 1400 - 1200- 10
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E E LLI 24- 22- 20- 18- 16- 14- 12-
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PPFD lam CD s 03 0 -1Z) N V (-) 0 4
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0 Cl) I- 0 CD r4 cq ý2 9 CD co C)
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1'1 1' 1 1" 1" I 040 VA "0 o' U. MS
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( ldJ)t1 (I )i ii Predicted and mea
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( () primary productivity (mg C (mg
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significantly higher in the top 0-2
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Chapter 6 Diel variations in microp
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ohic hioiihn-, sediment surface, oc
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( () -I -- -- --- I---, - ---I, - -
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increasing PPFD; first an apparent
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Lj1)I ( i)icl dl ItR)fl Ii tfl)LI)J
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6---- - -- , --- -- ---- -- -Dicl h
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ý w pwr-- 111 I I- CHAPTERSEVEN k_
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vs, iioil--mi ratorv -,, bioiflins
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ato I-V Vý11,11011-111! the total
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E LZ -0 5 L4 ý7- 'ol r a- 0I 00 CM
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( hatei \1 'IcLtU1 S. iig a1or hiln
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cm E7 -*-Cover - Hole for probe Lid
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(A) rrr Uk Ilmol ms) Temperature Da
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C ulorv \ S. lloll-ml, ýrworv Nigh
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N-liý-, ralol v hiol-11111"', Tabl
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N1111 ý, ral ol-I -V--\ ". alorv -
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weeq 5upjr4es 6ulinp plalA eoueosaj
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( llaptcl- -; " -1 -I", ý -, l, '
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700 m (D ýo 0) 600 .2 03 U) 500 't
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('11a -, - Pl(ýT I--I-- ,t, III ý
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E -0 (ID 0 0 (ID 0 C 0 c-) -g H ,z
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ý'Ilap! c 7 MI oratory vs. nop-miu
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('haPltcT 7 -Migiatoiv \. -,. tion-
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( iaptl 121 alory s l1o1iiflldtory
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Hypothesis 5: NPQ will be highest a
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minimum and maximum fluorescence yi
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Cha )1(: r 'Vii--latorv ý-, -1 A I
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v vs. 11011-IT . ratory hiolilms -M
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Chapter 7 MiLlatorv v. ". lioll-lim
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Chapt(j 7 s, non-im ratory biot-ilm
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0 E H Cl. 0 -Izý "0 $n. -0 CA 7ý
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( 'llapt c I'll" - 11 - -11,1 1111-
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( llcpk'i_ ( rencral living on, as
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cral I )isctv, -, jon Hythe showed
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ý cKS -1-la-IM, -- (lencral Di-scu
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Cha ici 8 Oencral Di-scussion large
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Chaplet 8 I- I (-. Tciwr, al may th
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( liapRi - ( icnerl I )! ', tR)II D
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hapter ( cncra I )i ii in smaller t
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8.4. Summary -( ic w ra 11, ) ISC L
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9) LTS-EM analysis provided evidenc
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9. Reference List PA , )ý ý, 1j,
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photosynthesis and chlorophyll in t
Page 371 and 372:
Fauvel, P. and Bohn, G. (1907). Le
Page 373 and 374:
Blackwell scientific publications,
Page 375 and 376:
Kilhl, M., Glud, R. N., Ploug, H. a
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Palmer, J. D. and Round, F. E. (196
Page 379 and 380:
Pinckney, J., Piceno, Y. and Lovell
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Ser6dio, J., Marques da Silva, J. a
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Wessels, N. K. and Hopson, J. L. (1
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Mireille Consalvey PhD Thesis - University of St Andrews

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