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Church evangelicals. Nevertheless, in his careful and reserved statements he provided vindication against things spread abroad to his discredit. More than that, there is here another window onto the eighteenth century. Behind the multitude of particulars there lies a wealth of human variety, in what turn out, on investigation, to be interesting experiences of unnoticed men. On a larger scale, Seeker's account exemplifies some important ways in which a lay dominated church worked in a largely aristocratic society. The autobiography is an almost unique document. Apart from Wake's, 27 there has been no other from an Archbishop of Canterbury. Seeker's account carries the reader over extraordinarily varied grounds: to dissenters' academies, as seen through the critical eyes of a clever youth; medical studies in London, Paris, Leyden; the havering between Tory and Whig friends at Oxford; the scholars whom he delighted to encourage; the bluestockings, for whom he seems to have had a certain weakness; fashionable physicians at Bath and in the West End, and promoters of new cures; members of both Houses of Parliament, politely encroaching on the patronage of client bishops; the parish officers, and some difficult parishioners, in Westminster. During the first half of the century he had enjoyed the lively company of old friends, his brother-in-law Bishop Benson, and the Bishops Berkeley and Butler, and had borne gently with an ailing wife. These friends, and his wife, all died within a short period of time. 28 In the last fifteen years of his life, the widowed Leviathan was more with the prudent but duller company of those other elder statesmen, Hardwicke and Newcastle, with whom he did not always see eye to eye. Towards the end, he shrank from the discomfort and heat of the House of Lords, where once he had been one of the most effective episcopal speakers. Acquainted as a boy with reverend seniors who in 1662 had been ejected ministers, and bearing tales of the dangers to dissenters, even in Nottingham, during the Monmouth rebellion, he lived long enough to see the beginnings of troubles in North America, but not long enough to see established there a republic, and bishops provided there, whether consecrated in an upstairs room at Aberdeen or in the decorous beauty of Lambeth Palace Chapel. In his own country, the old regime, of which he was an ornament, seemed secure enough. The variety of experience he brought to the Primacy of All England must have been unique. Whatever some latitudinarians of a Cambridge style might say, there were others in that place who shared his pastoral ideals, and could quote 2 7 Norman Sykes, William Wake, (Cambridge, 1957), II, p. 274: the unpublished manuscript autobiography deals with Wake's life only to 1705. 2 8 Mrs. Seeker, "Kitty," died in March 1748, Benson and Butler in 1752, and Berkeley in 1753. XV
him with approval. 29 However ill he had been regarded in Oxford when he was their bishop, feelings changed there, even in Tory colleges. "Indeed it seems," wrote an orthodox doctor from Corpus in 1760, "a happy omen for the Church, that the indisputably ablest and most well 3 0 meaning of the whole Bench is at the Helm. . . ." R.W. GREAVES 2 9 For instance, William Paley, in his Charge to the clergy of the diocese of Carlisle, "The Use and Propriety of Local and Occasional Preaching," in Works (Philadelphia, 1854), p. 511. 3 0 B.L. Add. MS 39,311, fol. 94-95: Thomas Patten to George Berkeley, 25 November 1760. xvi
Page 1 and 2: The autobiography o Thomas Secker A
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Notes 73 Duke of Newcastle: John Ho
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Notes 75 Watts's biographer says th
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Notes 77 FOLIO 7 (1715-17) the Apos
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Notes 79 Paris in 1698, by way of A
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Notes 81 Whiston's Society for Prom
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Notes 83 1725 on subscription to th
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Notes 85 Sir Thomas Robinson of Roo
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Notes 87 British physician to inocu
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Notes 89 Dr Stonehewer: Richard Sto
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Notes 91 George II. He was characte
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Notes 93 May, 1735). In the same mi
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Notes 95 the great ecclesiastical r
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Notes 97 Mr Walker: John Walker, wh
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Notes 99 Probably at least from 173
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Notes 101 Difference of the Income:
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Notes 103 between the City and the
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Notes 105 Mr Upton: John Upton (170
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Notes 107 Hawkins, Mrs. Stephens re
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Notes 109 Ministry was changed: Wal
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Notes 111 his brother: George Wisha
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Notes 113 between Britain and Franc
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Notes 115 routed Cope's force at th
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Notes 117 Oxford Address, though du
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Notes 119 resigned St James's: on 2
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Notes 121 roots, with the pointing
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Notes 123 Lady Susan Keck (d. 1755)
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Notes 125 FOLIO 46 (1753-54) Chippi
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Notes 127 1757-64 and of London 176
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Notes 129 of a Royal Chaplain, ed.
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Notes 131 Queen Caroline and a note
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Notes 133 Temporalties & spiritualt
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Notes 135 drink and provender, it w
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Notes 137 Son of the famous Mr Gide
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Notes 139 Bp of Durham: Richard Tre
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Notes 141 in Oxfordshire had begun
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Notes 143 Blackburn and Whalley: th
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Notes 145 who was archdeacon of Oxf
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Notes 147 for only a limited number
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Notes 149 my Option on Bp Lamb was
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Notes 151 published tracts on bibli
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Notes 153 knave, escaped imprisonme
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Notes 155 Mr Grenville: George Gren
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Notes 157 reside in Canterbury for
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Notes 159 Mr Reynolds: the eminent
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Notes 161 still had troubles making
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Notes 163 [But] Providence, that se
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Notes 165 After studying law for fi
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Notes 167 Dr Stinton: George Stinto
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Notes 169 parish church, and to sav
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Notes 171 Knowlton Court, Kent. Fra
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Notes 173 "to nobody's joy that I k
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Notes 175 infections of the urinary
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Notes 177 Ld Stair: John Dalrymple
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Notes 179 School for the training a
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Notes 181 Mr Wade is difficult of i
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Notes 183 Sir Fra. D'Aeth is actual
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Notes 185 Mr Stockwood: William Sto
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Notes 187 Joseph I (see following e
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Notes 189 congregation in Little Wi
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Notes 191 Hawkesbury in 1786, and t
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Notes 193 Bp of London: Richard Ter
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All references are to folios; bold
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Index 197 Charlett, Arthur 11 Charl
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Index 199 Gregory, David 33, 81 Gre
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Index 201 Ludbey, John 20 Lukyn, An
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Index 203 Radnor, 5th earl of 64, 7
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Index 205 Spetisbury 22, 67 Squire,
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