Ambergris Caye Belize Resort Development - Department of ...

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Caye, Moho Caye, and Frenchman’s Caye all have evidence of Late Postclassic occupation (McKillop 2002, 2005). At all these sites, Archaeologists have recorded evidence for the construction of both domestic and ritual architecture, for salt production, the exchange of obsidian, and the harvesting of various marine products and pumice. For the purpose of this survey it is important to note that despite their more widespread distribution, small Postclassic sites along the coast are very difficult to locate. McKillop (1994) reports that these sites are often invisible to investigators, as the settlements have been severely destroyed by the forces of nature (wind, tidal waves and hurricanes). Compounding the problem is the fact that there has been a significant increase in sea levels (approximately 1 meter in the past 1400 years). The result is that much of the area that was once utilized by the ancient Maya is now underwater. Today mangrove swamps actually cover numerous communities that were once on dry land. During excavations at a site located on Wild Cane Cay, McKillop noted, “The distribution of buried deposits (under what is now ocean) virtually doubled the size of the ancient site…” (1994:116). Numerous other sites, including Tiger Mound, Green Vine Snake, Killer Bee, and Pelican One Pot are buried beneath modern red mangrove swamps and are invisible from the modern ground surface. Only test pitting and excavations can reveal sites in this type of environment. Colonial period activity has been well documented on the Caribbean region. From the first Spanish voyages in the early 1500’s, Belizean waters were well traveled by English, Spanish, and Dutch ships during most of the 16 th to 19 th centuries. Much of the British shipping activity focused on the removal of Mahogany and other hardwoods, but several small settlements were established on the mainland and on several Cayes, particularly on St. George’s and Ambergris Cayes (Finnamore 1994). AMBERGRIS CAYE IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT Ambergris Caye is located at the northeastern tip of Belize (Figs. 1 -2). Although classified as an island, Ambergris actually represents the southern extension of the Xcalac Peninsula of the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. The border between the two countries is demarcated by a feature known as the Bacalar Chico canal. To the south of the canal this narrow canal is actually a one mile long anthropogenic feature that was constructed by the ancient Maya sometime around A.D. 600. For most of its length Ambergris Caye runs parallel to the great Belize barrier reef. The one exception to this geography is at Rocky Point where the barrier reef converges with the mainland and remains so for about 1 kilometer till they separate again at Robles Point. Between Rocky and Robles Points the reef heads and currents presented a treacherous passage for ancient Maya merchants who transported their goods up and down the east coast 14 - 4
Figure 1: Map of Belize showing location of Ambergris Caye. Figure 2: Map of Ambergris Caye with inset showing north Ambergris and archaeological sites recorded in the area. 14 - 5
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT for
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2.5.1 Regional Geology 2-73 2.5.2 S
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7.6 Waste Category III and IV - Ind
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10.4.4.3 Road Access 10-12 10.4.4.5
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List of Figures No. Title Sec./Pg.
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Table 10.1 ABR EIA Matrix 10-3 Tabl
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Fecal: of or related to feces. Flor
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Tide: periodic rise and fall of the
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ORIENTATION NOTES The current EIA s
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The resort facilities include: (i)
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Table 2: Caye Occupancy Type Descri
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impacts of note are the dredging an
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1.0 Project Description 1.1 Project
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PL 1.1 PL 1.1: North/South view of
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Fig. 1.2: Conceptual Development Pl
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Components No. of Units/ Lots No. o
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Fig. 1.2b: Elevation Contours in re
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Fig. 1.3a: Phase I of Development 1
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Fig. 1.4: Development Components at
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Fig. 1.5b: On-Site Project Roads an
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Fig. 1.7a: Over-water Buildings, Pi
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1.2.3.1 Construction Phase Most of
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The utilities to be located in the
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1.4 Staffing The total staffing for
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Fig. 2.1: Ecosystems Map of Propose
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waves, which forms an extensive zon
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Table 2.1: Water Quality Tests Resu
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2.2.6 Salinity The proposed project
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least diverse and numerically limit
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These included the seagrass Halodul
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Table 2.2A: Terrestrial and Inter-t
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Common Name and/or Local Name Scien
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Common Name Scientific Name Obs. Tu
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Table 2.2B: Sub-tidal plants of the
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PL 2.5 PL 2.6 PL 2.5: Eastern appro
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PL 2.13 PL 2.14 PL 2.13: Manatee Gr
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PL 2.21 PL 2.22 PL 2.21: Stakes or
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Table 2.3: Invertebrates including
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Common Name or Local Name Scientifi
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Common Name or Local Name Beaded Se
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Common Name or Local Name M u stard
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PL 2.23 PL 2.24 PL 2.23: Horse Conc
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Table 2.4: Fish Species Found in Pr
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Table 2.5 Reptiles and Amphibians C
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(Sphaerodactylus glaucus) [See Tabl
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Table 2.7: Birds Found in and Aroun
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The CITES listing of the Hawks Bill
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Fig. 2.4: BCNP/MR Zoning Scheme 2-7
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2.5.3 Geomorphology The beaches of
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3.0 Policy Review 3.1 INTRODUCTION
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3.1.3 Coastal Zone Management Strat
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3.1.10 Belize Public Health Act Rev
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(7) Each traps shall be monitored e
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(e) No person shall disturb the nat
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The import into, transit through or
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3.1.28 International Conventions an
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4.0 WATER RESOURCES 4.1 Occupancy C
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4.4 Selection of the preferred sour
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schedule. Nevertheless, it is expec
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Table 4.5 Rainfall Volume collected
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Fig 4.2 Water Harvesting Layout for
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Fig. 4.4 Typical Brine Injection We
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ANALYZER ANALYZER INPUT CONTROLLER
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This will include the determination
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Table 4.8 ABR Surface water and wel
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5.0 Wastewater Disposal 5.1 Nature
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5.4 Environmental Wastewater Load C
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2. Prefabricated Secondary Treatmen
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Fig. 5.1 Proposed Project Sewer Tre
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6.0 ENERGY GENERATION 6.1 Energy De
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for energy generation are compared
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Fig. 6.1 Above Ground Storage Tank
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7.0 SOLID WASTE 7.1 Solid Waste Cat
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According to the BSWMP (Stantec 199
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natural lighting. The trees cleared
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the landfill when ready. Used batte
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Table 7.4b Waste Reduction Yield fo
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8.2 Hurricane Preparedness Plan (Ev
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- At least two tarpaulins for damag
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8.2.7 Safety Precautions These prec
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1) Fire alarm detection and notific
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Table 8.3 Inland Spill Level Level
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9.0 Integrated Social Assessment Re
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some 1.3 miles south west of the NO
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populations not found on the island
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9.3 Land Tenure In the early 1990s
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Fig. 9.2 Reef Cuts In the Region of
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Depth in a small lagoon that leads
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each ridge where it meets the mangr
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Fig. 9.5 Dive Sites at Ambergris Ca
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9.7.4 The San Pedro Town Council Th
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9.10 Cayes Development Policy and t
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9.14.1 Bacalar Chico National Park
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Fig. 9.6 Bacalar Chico National Par
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zone are to prevent fishery stocks
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9.14.3 Rocky Point The entire beach
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The system's seven sites illustrate
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Chapter 10 10.0 Environmental Impac
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energy generation, the production o
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system 0.8 - 3 Miles North and Sout
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10.3.4 Solid Waste Impacts The gene
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There are no secondary impacts of n
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Page 231 and 232: Noise pollution from equipment and
Page 233 and 234: 10.4.4.8 Education/Health Services
Page 235 and 236: Category of Project Activity Existi
Page 237 and 238: - Demand for services - Impacts on
Page 239 and 240: 11.0 Impact Mitigation Chapter 11 1
Page 241 and 242: Development Activity Primary Impact
Page 243 and 244: to allow for the re-colonization of
Page 245 and 246: Development Activity Primary Impact
Page 247 and 248: Table 11.3: Mitigation Matrix in Re
Page 249 and 250: use conflicts is the issue of touri
Page 251 and 252: Development Activity General Social
Page 253 and 254: Development Activity General Social
Page 255 and 256: Table 12.1: Proposed Monitoring Pla
Page 257 and 258: Parameter Frequency Critical Level
Page 263 and 264: Development Issue Option #1 & Justi
Page 271 and 272: References Auil, N. 1997. Manatee R
Page 273 and 274: Littler, D.S., M.M. Littler and B.L
Page 275 and 276: Thurman, H.V. 1988. Introductory Oc
Page 277 and 278: TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction…
Page 279: ancient Maya, particularly from Lat
Page 283 and 284: Fig. 3: Map of Ambergris Caye showi
Page 285 and 286: Fig. 4: Map of Ambergris Caye showi
Page 287 and 288: assessment. If we are accurate, how
Page 289 and 290: Fig. 7: Section Plan of posthole te
Page 291 and 292: should therefore be taken into care
Page 293 and 294: Franco The Franco site is located a
Page 295 and 296: REFERENCES CITED Boxt, Matthew 1983
Page 297 and 298: McKillop, Heather 1980 Moho Caye, B
Page 299 and 300: . Photo 1: View of Rocky Point Phot
Page 301 and 302: Photos 5—8: Various views of tran
Page 303 and 304: Photo 11 & 12: Photograph of Unit 1
Page 305 and 306: Photo 15: Photograph of potsherds r
Page 307 and 308: Goldsmith F.B. 1991. Monitoring for
Page 309 and 310: Paz, G.M. and T. Grimshaw. 2001. St
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