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8o PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY Family 26. Canellace^.—A small family of tropical American polypetalous, aromatic trees—the canella family—with alternate, ex- stipulate, entire leaves and axillary, cymose, perfect flowers. It embraces two genera, Canella and Cinnamodendron, and about four species. Unofficial drug Part used Botanical name Canellas cortex Bark Canella alba Family 27. CoRNACEiE.—A family of polypetalous shrubs or trees -^the dogwood or cornel family—of all parts of the world, with usually alternate coriaceous entire leaves, and terminal or axillary cymose clusters of small flowers. It embraces 15 genera and 80 species. Unofficial drug Part used Botanical name Cornus Bark Cornus florida Family 28. THYMELEACEiE.—A family of trees or shrubs, the spurge laurel or mezereum family, having very tough bark, opposite entire leaves and small, perfect, regular flowers. Official drug Part used Botanical name Mezereum Bark Daphne Mezereum Family 29. Geraniace^.—A family of polypetalous herbs, shrubs or trees—the geranium family—usually with lobed or dissected leaves and axillary peduncles of often showy, perfect flowers. It embraces seven tribes, 25 genera, and about 980 species, widely scattered in temperate and sub-tropical regions. Official drug Part used Botanical name Geranium Rhizome Geranium maculatum Family 30. HAMAMELiDACEiE.—A family of polypetalous shrubs or trees—the witch-hazel family—with alternate simple leaves, two deciduous stipules, and heads or spikes of monoecious or polygamous flowers. It includes 19 genera and about 40 species. The leaves and twigs contain highly aromatic volatile oils. Official drug Part used Botanical name Hamamelidis folia Leaves Hamamelis virginiana Hamamelidis cortex Bark and twigs Hamamelis virginiana Styrax Balsam Liquidambar orientalis Family 31. Linages.—A family of polypetalous herbs, shrubs, or rarely trees—the flax family—with alternate simple and usually entire
PASSIFLORACEjE 8 leaves, and regular, symmetrical, hypogynous flowers which are four- to five-membered throughout, the petals blue, yellow, or white, and fugacious. It embraces 15 genera and about 235 species, distributed over the world. Official drug Part used Botanical name Linum Seed Linum usitatissimum Family 32. Guttifer^.—A family of polypetalous trees or shrubs —the gamboge family—with resinous juice, opposite, coriaceous leaves, and terminal or axillary clusters of regular dioecious flowers. It embraces 26 genera and about 370 species, all natives of the tropics. Official drug Part used Botanical name Cambogia Gum resin Garcinia hanburii Famii-y :i2. Malvace^ or Mallow Family.—A family of chlori- petalous herbs, shrubs, or trees abounding in mucilage and usually with the above-ground portion covered with trichomes; the leaves are alternate and palmately nerved; the flowers regular, the corolla beau- tifully colored, funnel or bell-shaped, stamens monadelphous ; fruit a several-celled pod. Official drug Part used Botanical name Althaea Root (peeled) Althsea officinalis Gossypii Cortex Bark of root Gossypium herbaceum Gossypium Purificatum Hairs of seed Gossypium herbaceum Oleum Gossypii seminis Oil of seed Gossypium herbaceum Family 34. PAPAVERACEiE.—A family of polypetalous plants the poppy family—usually with milky or colored juice, alternate ex- stipulate leaves, and long one-flowered peduncles, the flowers usually with two caducous sepals and four cruciate petals. It embraces about 20 genera and 80 species. Herbs or low shrubs with milky or colored, narcotic juices. Flowers showy. Fruit usually a many-sided capsule. Temperate and tropical regions. Official drug Part used Botanical name Opium Concrete milky exudate Papaver somniferum Sanguinaria Rhizome Sanguinaria canadensis Family 35. Passiflorace^.—A family of polypetalous shrubs, trees, or rarely herbs—the passion-flower family—often climbing, with alternate, palmately lobed or compound leaves and solitary or racemose, 7
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ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL U
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The original of this book is in the
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upper Iris Diaphragm Substage Ring
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(3K Copyright, 1914, by P. Blakisto
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FOREWORD In a monograph entitled "A
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X CONTENTS Pages Plant Hairs or Tei
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TEXT-BOOK OF PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY
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PROTOPLASMIC CELL CONTENTS 3 A cell
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PLANT TISSUES PLANT TISSUES A tissu
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WOODY FIBERS ill
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MEDULLARY RAYS 9 Tracheary tissue c
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ACORUS CALAMUS Fig. 8.—Transverse
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ITBEOVASCULAR BUNDLES 13 Fibrovascu
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THE ROOT 15 The ripened seed is the
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ROOT HISTOLOGY 17 2. Biennial plant
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THE BUD 19 flattened out. The peric
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(2) Periblem, forming the cortex; a
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HISTOLOGY OF ANNUAL DICOTYL STEM 23
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PERENNIAL DICOTYL STEM 25 Growth of
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LENTICELS AND THEIR FORMATION 27 Le
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PLANT HAIES 29 Periderm.— -Peride
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THE LEAF 31 The leaf of the Tulip P
Page 49 and 50: MARGIN OP LEAF 33 AcEROSE or ACICUL
Page 51 and 52: DURATION OF LEAVES 35 Glabrous, whe
Page 53 and 54: VERNATION 37 Oak and Willow, etc. A
Page 55 and 56: A VEETICILLASTER 39 Corymb, a short
Page 57 and 58: THE FLOWER 41 as in Clematis. In th
Page 59 and 60: THE COROLLA 43 different forms of c
Page 61 and 62: THE STAMEN SYSTEM 45 When few in nu
Page 63 and 64: THE PLACENTA 47 Compound Pistils ar
Page 65 and 66: FERTILIZATION 49 liantly colored co
Page 67 and 68: CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS 5 Where th
Page 69 and 70: THE SEED 53 The Berry is fleshy fru
Page 71 and 72: FORMATION OF ALBUMEN 55 Ezalhuminou
Page 73 and 74: NOTES
Page 77 and 78: APPEARANCE OF BACTERIAL COLONIES 57
Page 79 and 80: ALGA-LIKE FUNGI 59 water and are of
Page 81 and 82: THE SAC FUNGI 6 Order 3. Peronospor
Page 83 and 84: THE LICHENS 63 Sub-class B.— Auto
Page 85 and 86: MUSCI OR MOSSES 65 Order i. Marchan
Page 87 and 88: FILICALES 67 stems, sheath-like who
Page 89 and 90: SPERMATOPHYTA 69 sion of labor cont
Page 91 and 92: Official drug ORCHID FAMILY 71
Page 93 and 94: WILLOW FAMILY 73 Family 2. Fagace^
Page 95 and 96: ELM FAMILY 75 forming a sheath abov
Page 97 and 98: CASHEW FAMILY 77 Family 17. Rosacea
Page 99: CELASTRACE^ 79 Family 21. Crucifer^
Page 103 and 104: ZYGOPHYLLACEyE 83 of perfect, five-
Page 106 and 107: Official drug
Page 108 and 109: 88 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY northern h
Page 110 and 111: 90 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY Official d
Page 112 and 113: 92 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY pharmaceut
Page 114 and 115: BIBLIOGRAPHY Le Maout and Decaisne'
Page 120 and 121: 96 Balsamum Peruvianum, 78 Tolutanu
Page 122 and 123: 98 Determinate Inflorescence, kinds
Page 124 and 125: lOO INDEX Indian Turnip, 70 Indigo,
Page 126 and 127: 102 INDEX Myrrha, 79 Myrtaceae, 82
Page 128 and 129: I04 INDEX Rhamnus Purshiana, 83 Fra
Page 130: io6 INDEX Thyrsus, 39 Tissue, 3, 4
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