Pharmaceutical botany - Lighthouse Survival Blog

More documents

Recommendations

Info

12 » < I I 1 < PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY Fig. io.—Stages in the development of the elements of the xylem. A, progres- of procambial or cambial sive steps in the develbpnient of a' tracheal tube, i , Row cells that are to take part in the fbrma,tion of a tube; 2, the same at a later stage enlarged in all dimensions; 3, the cells in 2 have grown larger, their cfoss^walls have been dissolved out, and' the wall' lias become' thickened and pitted; 4, the walls in 3 have becorhe more thickened, the pits have an overhanging border, the walls have become lignified as indicated by the stippling, and finally the protoplasts have disappeared, and the lube is mature and dead. B, Stages in the formation of tracheids from procamblaJ or cambial cells. The steps are the same as in j4 , excepting that the cross-walls,'remaiii and become pitted. C, steps in the development of wood fibers from caJnbial cells, x, Cambial cells; 2, the same growth larger in all dimensions with cells shoving past each other as they elongate; 3, a
ITBEOVASCULAR BUNDLES 13 Fibrovascular Bundles are groups of fibres, vessels and cells cours- ing through the various organs of a plant and serving for conduction and support. According to the relative structural arrangement of their xylem and phloem masses they may be classed as follows: I. Closed Collateral, consisting of a mass of xylem lying alongside of a mass of phloem, the xylem facing toward the centre, the phloem facing toward the exterior. Stems of most Monocotyledons and Horsetails. II. Open Collateral, consisting of a mass of xylem facing toward the pith and a mass of phloem facing toward the exterior and separated from each other by a cambium. Stems and leaves of Dicotyledons and roots of Dicotyls and Gymnosperms of secondary growth. III. BicoLLATERAL, characterized by a xylem mass being between an inner and an outer phloem mass. There are two layers of cambium cells, one between the xylem and inner phloem mass, the other between the xylem and outer phloem mass. Seen chiefly in stems of the Cucurbitacecs. IV. Concentric, characterized by a central xylem mass surrounded by a phloem mass or vice versa. No cambium present. C d I .1 11 i3| 1^ i-iw»te-j B i *"?' Fig. II.- -Stages in the development of sieve tubes, companion cells, and phloem parenchyma. A, a and 6, Two rows of procambial ceUs; in and d, a has divided longitudinally and c is to become companion cells; d, a sieve tube, and b, phloem parenchyma. B, c, Companion cells, and d, a beginning sieve tube from c and d, respectively in A. The cross-walls in d are pitted; b, phloem parenchyma grown larger than m A. C, The same as B with the pits in the crosswalls of the sieve tubes become perforations, and the nuclei gone from the cells composing the tube. (From Stevens.) later stage with cells longer and more pointed and walls becoming thickened and pitted; 4, complete wood fibers with walls more thickened than in the previous stage and lignified, as shown by the stippling. The protoplasts in this last stage have disappeared and the fibers are dead. D, steps in the formation of wood parenchyma from cambial or procambial cells, i, Group of cambrial or procambial cells; 2, the same enlarged in all dimensions; 3, the same with walls thickened and pitted; 4 and 5 show the same stages as 2 and 3, but here the cells have enlarged radially or tangentially more than they have vertically. The walls of these cells are apt to become lignified, but the cells are longer lived than the wood fibers. {From Stevens.)
Page 2 and 3: ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL U
Page 4 and 5: The original of this book is in the
Page 6 and 7: upper Iris Diaphragm Substage Ring
Page 8 and 9: (3K Copyright, 1914, by P. Blakisto
Page 11: FOREWORD In a monograph entitled "A
Page 14 and 15: X CONTENTS Pages Plant Hairs or Tei
Page 17 and 18: TEXT-BOOK OF PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY
Page 19 and 20: PROTOPLASMIC CELL CONTENTS 3 A cell
Page 21 and 22: PLANT TISSUES PLANT TISSUES A tissu
Page 23 and 24: WOODY FIBERS ill
Page 25 and 26: MEDULLARY RAYS 9 Tracheary tissue c
Page 27: ACORUS CALAMUS Fig. 8.—Transverse
Page 31 and 32: THE ROOT 15 The ripened seed is the
Page 33 and 34: ROOT HISTOLOGY 17 2. Biennial plant
Page 35 and 36: THE BUD 19 flattened out. The peric
Page 37 and 38: (2) Periblem, forming the cortex; a
Page 39 and 40: HISTOLOGY OF ANNUAL DICOTYL STEM 23
Page 41 and 42: PERENNIAL DICOTYL STEM 25 Growth of
Page 43 and 44: LENTICELS AND THEIR FORMATION 27 Le
Page 45 and 46: PLANT HAIES 29 Periderm.— -Peride
Page 47 and 48: THE LEAF 31 The leaf of the Tulip P
Page 49 and 50: MARGIN OP LEAF 33 AcEROSE or ACICUL
Page 51 and 52: DURATION OF LEAVES 35 Glabrous, whe
Page 53 and 54: VERNATION 37 Oak and Willow, etc. A
Page 55 and 56: A VEETICILLASTER 39 Corymb, a short
Page 57 and 58: THE FLOWER 41 as in Clematis. In th
Page 59 and 60: THE COROLLA 43 different forms of c
Page 61 and 62: THE STAMEN SYSTEM 45 When few in nu
Page 63 and 64: THE PLACENTA 47 Compound Pistils ar
Page 65 and 66: FERTILIZATION 49 liantly colored co
Page 67 and 68: CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS 5 Where th
Page 69 and 70: THE SEED 53 The Berry is fleshy fru
Page 71 and 72: FORMATION OF ALBUMEN 55 Ezalhuminou
Page 73 and 74: NOTES
Page 75 and 76: NOTES
Page 77 and 78: APPEARANCE OF BACTERIAL COLONIES 57
Page 79 and 80:
ALGA-LIKE FUNGI 59 water and are of
Page 81 and 82:
THE SAC FUNGI 6 Order 3. Peronospor
Page 83 and 84:
THE LICHENS 63 Sub-class B.— Auto
Page 85 and 86:
MUSCI OR MOSSES 65 Order i. Marchan
Page 87 and 88:
FILICALES 67 stems, sheath-like who
Page 89 and 90:
SPERMATOPHYTA 69 sion of labor cont
Page 91 and 92:
Official drug ORCHID FAMILY 71
Page 93 and 94:
WILLOW FAMILY 73 Family 2. Fagace^
Page 95 and 96:
ELM FAMILY 75 forming a sheath abov
Page 97 and 98:
CASHEW FAMILY 77 Family 17. Rosacea
Page 99 and 100:
CELASTRACE^ 79 Family 21. Crucifer^
Page 101 and 102:
PASSIFLORACEjE 8 leaves, and regula
Page 103 and 104:
ZYGOPHYLLACEyE 83 of perfect, five-
Page 106 and 107:
Official drug
Page 108 and 109:
88 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY northern h
Page 110 and 111:
90 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY Official d
Page 112 and 113:
92 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY pharmaceut
Page 114 and 115:
BIBLIOGRAPHY Le Maout and Decaisne'
Page 116 and 117:
NOTES
Page 118 and 119:
NOTES
Page 120 and 121:
96 Balsamum Peruvianum, 78 Tolutanu
Page 122 and 123:
98 Determinate Inflorescence, kinds
Page 124 and 125:
lOO INDEX Indian Turnip, 70 Indigo,
Page 126 and 127:
102 INDEX Myrrha, 79 Myrtaceae, 82
Page 128 and 129:
I04 INDEX Rhamnus Purshiana, 83 Fra
Page 130:
io6 INDEX Thyrsus, 39 Tissue, 3, 4
show all

Pharmaceutical botany - Lighthouse Survival Blog

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?