Pharmaceutical botany - Lighthouse Survival Blog
Pharmaceutical botany - Lighthouse Survival Blog
Pharmaceutical botany - Lighthouse Survival Blog
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THE STAMEN SYSTEM 45<br />
When few in number, stamens are said to be definite; when very<br />
numerous, and not readily counted, they are indefinite. The follow-<br />
ing terms are in common use to express their number:<br />
Monandrous, for a flower with but one stamen.<br />
DiANDROUS, with two stamens.<br />
Triandrous, with three.<br />
Tetrandrous, with four.<br />
Pentandrous, having five.<br />
Hexandrous, six.<br />
POLYANDROUS, an indefinite number.<br />
As to insertion, they are:<br />
Hypogynous, situated on the receptacle.<br />
Perigynous, on the calyx tube or disc.<br />
Epigynous, on the top of the ovary.<br />
Gynandrous, borne upon the pistil, as in the Orchids.<br />
The stamens may be of equal length; unequal, or of different length.<br />
Didynamous, when there are two pairs, one longer than the other.<br />
Tetradynamous, three pairs, two of the same length, the third<br />
shorter.<br />
Terms denoting connection between stamens are:<br />
MoNADELPHOUS (in One brotherhood), coalescence of the filaments<br />
into a tube.<br />
DiADELPHOtrs (in two brotherhoods), coalescence into two sets.<br />
Triadelphous, with filaments united into three sets.<br />
Polyadelphous, when the sets are numerous.<br />
Syngenesious, when the anthers cohere.<br />
Stamens may be erect, extending directly upward, spreading, pro-<br />
ceeding upward and outward; connivent brought close together and<br />
turned inward; reflexed, turned downward.<br />
The attachment of the anther to the filament may be in one of sev-<br />
eral ways, as follows:<br />
Innate, attached at its base to the apex of the filament.<br />
Adnate, adherent throughout its length.<br />
Versatile, when the anther is attached near its center to the top<br />
of the filament, so that it swings freely. The adnate and versatile are<br />
INTRORSE when they face inward, extrorse when they face outward.<br />
In order that the pollen may be discharged at the proper time, the<br />
anther opens along a line or suture called the line of dehiscence, either<br />
longitudinal or transverse, or the pollen escapes through apical or val-