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SESSION NO. 11 Considering all properties, Lagro sediments in each core are divisible into several major units deposited in both subglacial and ice-marginal environments. The major till units are made of subunits on the scale of a meter in thickness that differ sufficiently in character as to reflect separate sedimentation conditions and depositional events. We suggest that the relatively homogenous subglacial Lagro facies accreted vertically from different subglacial deforming till beds that developed successively under the Erie lobe as it evolved. Overall, the evidence justifies additional examination of Lagro sediments to resolve a complex ice lobe history. 11-2 BTH 32 Sanderfoot, Benjamin [218064] QUATERNARY GEOLOGIC MAP OF FOND DU LAC COUNTY, WISCONSIN MODE, William N., Department of Geology, University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI 54901, SANDERFOOT, Benjamin, Department of Geology, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, 645 Dempsey Trail, Oshkosh, WI 54901-8649, sandeb88@uwosh.edu, and HOOYER, Thomas S., Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, P.O. Box 413, Lapham Hall 366, Milwaukee, WI 53201 The new Quaternary geologic map of Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin reveals diverse landscapes and surficial deposits, including lowlands underlain by glacial lake sediment and meltwater-stream sediment and uplands composed of till and meltwater-stream sediment. Map units combine sediment genesis, stratigraphic position, and landform association. Glacial sediments were deposited by the Green Bay and Lake Michigan lobes of the Laurentide Ice Sheet between about 19 and 11 ka BP during ice recession from the region (Syverson and Colgan, 2011). Glacial strata are divided into two formations, the Holy Hill and Kewaunee formations, that are distinguishable by the color and texture of the tills they contain. Kewaunee Formation deposits are restricted to the north-central part of the county. Holy Hill deposits are the surficial material in the southern part of the county and also occur beneath Kewaunee deposits in places. Glacial landforms include active-ice features (drumlins and end moraines) as well as ice-disintegration features (kettles, kames, ice-walled outwash plains, and eskers). Ice-disintegration features dominate the Kettle interlobate moraine in the eastern part of the county where the Green Bay and Lake Michigan lobes intersected. Glacial lake sediment was deposited in glacial lakes Fond du Lac and Oshkosh. Glacial lake Fond du Lac was impounded when the Green Bay Lobe readvanced (during overall recession) into Fond du Lac County. This advance terminated at the Eureka moraine and deposited till of the Kirby Lake Member of the Kewaunee Formation. A new AMS 14C date on plant macrofossils from the base of glacial Lake Fond du Lac sediment places the formation of the lake and the Eureka moraine at 15,500 cal yr BP. The ice margin soon receded from the Eureka moraine. The next readvance (13,700 cal yr BP), which buried the Two Creeks forest bed farther north, terminated north of the county. Glacial Lake Oshkosh persisted in Fond du Lac County until the Green Bay Lobe margin receded from the state 13,000 cal yr BP. 11-3 BTH 33 Pavey, Richard R. [218322] EVALUATION OF GLACIAL FEATURES IN NORTHWESTERN OHIO USING LIDAR DATA PAVEY, Richard R., Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geological Survey, 2045 Morse Rd, Building C-2, Columbus, OH 43229-6693, rick.pavey@dnr.state.oh.us and MARTIN, Dean R., Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Office of Information Technology, 2045 Morse Rd, Building C, Columbus, OH 43229 The Ohio Geological Survey’s recent and current STATEMAP projects involve glacial mapping of the Defiance and Adrian 1:100,000 quadrangles in northwesternmost Ohio. Since Frank Leverett’s mapping of a century ago, geologic understanding and glacial mapping of this area of the state has remained largely unchanged. Data preparation for the projects included mosaicking of LiDARderived, elevation raster data sets (or DEMs) for the six counties included in the mapping area, as well as a hillshade raster produced from the mosaic. Analysis of the resultant regional DEM revealed many landforms unusual for Ohio that require stratigraphic and depositional process interpretations. The northwest corner of the area includes the Wabash and Ft. Wayne Moraines, both deposited on the northwest side of retreating Erie Lobe ice. The highest features on the Wabash are flat-topped ‘plateaus’ surrounded by closed depressions. Data from soils mapping indicate that the ‘plateaus’ are primarily sand-filled and probably represent ice-walled lake plains. Many of the closed depressions contain bogs and/or lakes, with minimal integrated drainage. The St. Joseph River valley is between the Ft. Wayne and Wabash Moraines. Multiple, segmented linear depressions—perhaps interpreted as abandoned subice tunnels—are oriented subparallel to the moraine crests and river valley. Beach ridges mark the edge of the proglacial Maumee Lake Plain that dominates the rest of the study area. The final Erie Lobe ice in the area built the Defiance Moraine, most of which was submerged by proglacial lakes that occupied the Erie Basin. Parts of this moraine contain many small, raised sand flats, which are also probable ice-walled lake plains. West of the Defiance Moraine, the moraine-controlled Auglaize and Tiffin Rivers join the Maumee River at Defiance, Ohio. Above the confluence, the three rivers meander greatly. The river becomes much straighter downstream from the confluence; this is due to the Maumee being incised into bedrock. High-level cut terraces on the rivers above the confluence are graded to the elevations of the various high-level proglacial lakes that occupied the Erie Basin. 11-4 BTH 34 Rice, Jessey Murray [218333] STRATIGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF AN OPEN PIT EXPOSURE: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE WESTERN MARGIN OF THE LAURENTIDE ICE SHEET DURING THE MIDDLE WISCONSIN IN THE GREAT SLAVE LAKE REGION RICE, Jessey Murray1 , PAULEN, Roger C. 2 , MENZIES, John1 , and MCCLENAGHAN, M.B. 2 , (1) Earth Sciences, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada, jr07ia@brocku.ca, (2) Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, 601 Booth St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada Known 14C age data place the western margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) in the Great Slave Lake region, Northwest Territories, approximately along the west margin of the Canadian Shield and Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. However, a general paucity of thick (>2 m) exposures of quaternary sediments in this part of Canada prevents further delineation of the location of the Middle Wisconsin LIS margin. A detailed investigation of a >20 m exposure, in an abandoned open pit in the past producing Pb-Zn Pine Point Mining District, NWT, was conducted to gain a better understanding of the glacial history of the area. This rare thick till exposure consists of four visually distinct till units, and based on observed sedimentology, striation measurements and clast fabrics as well as detailed grain size, geochemical, mineralogical, micromorphological, and pebble lithological analyses, a refinement for the Middle Wisconsin LIS margin is proposed. Since there is no stratigraphic and sedimentological evidence of ice-margin advance or retreat fluctuations preserved in the till exposures at Pine Point, we conclude that the Middle Wisconsin ice margin was likely north and west of the Pine Point area and probably occupied most of the Great Slave Lake basin prior to advancement of the LIS into western Canada during the Late Wisconsin. 14 2013 GSA Abstracts with Programs 11-5 BTH 35 Miao, Xiaodong [218422] SAND AND GRAVEL RESOURCE OF MCHENRY COUNTY, ILLINOIS: DISTRIBUTION, THICKNESS AND LAND USE MIAO, Xiaodong, THOMASON, Jason F., and STOHR, Christopher, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 615 E. Peabody Dr, Champaign, IL 61820, miao@illinois.edu Parts of McHenry County in northeastern Illinois are underlain by extensive deposits of sand and gravel, which makes it a leading county in Illinois for sand and gravel production. An up-todate aggregate resource map is needed to identify potential resources before it is preempted by urbanization.We use borehole data and water well records to prepare a resource map to show the thickness, burial depth, distribution and availability of sand and gravel in McHenry County. The thickness data of the sand and gravel were exported from the three-dimensional geologic framework model of McHenry County, by combining the individual thickness data of multiple, interconnected sand and gravel deposits. Depth of burial was extracted from individual deep drill hole data maintained by the Illinois State Geological Survey. In addition to the geological aspect of the sand and gravel deposits, we also assessed whether these deposits were available for mining under current land use practices. For example, the sand and gravel resources are not minable in the residential and other developed areas. This map shows that a significant loss of minable resources has occurred in McHenry County due to land use, especially in the eastern half of the county, which is heavily urbanized and where aggregate resources are most needed.This map can help constituents in the sand and gravel industry find needed construction resources with implications for aggregate quality, transportation, and economic feasibility. As the Chicago metropolitan area population continues to grow, the distribution of economically mineable sand and gravel deposits in McHenry County and nearby counties will become increasingly important for land use, environmental planning and groundwater resource decisions. 11-6 BTH 36 Bruegger, Alison [218582] ICE-WALLED LAKE PLAINS HIGHLIGHTED ON NEW SURFICIAL GEOLOGY MAP OF KANE COUNTY, ILLINOIS BRUEGGER, Alison, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, 615 E. Peabody Dr, Champaign, IL 61820, bruegge1@illinois.edu, CURRY, B. Brandon, Prairie Research Institute, Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, IL 61820, and GRIMLEY, David A., Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, 615 E. Peabody Dr, Champaign, IL 61820 A 1:62,500-scale surficial geology map of Kane County, a western collar county of suburban Chicago, has recently been digitally compiled from published and unpublished 1:24,000 maps. The map’s digital database includes information from more than 200 borings and outcrops sampled over the past 45 years by the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS). Many include down-hole natural gamma-ray logs, and core subsample analyses of clay minerals and particlesize distribution. Mapping in the digital environment has benefited from new base maps of shaded relief from LiDAR-based DEMs. Our new map highlights the distribution of ice-walled lake plains which occur primarily between the Arlington and Bloomington moraines, and between the St. Charles and Marengo moraines. Mapped as a facies of the silty and clayey surficial lacustrine/glaciolacustrine unit (the Equality Formation), ice-walled lake plains (IWLPs) include deposits of sand and gravel that occur, relative to the core of laminated silty lake sediment at the base (as a lag), on the sides (as ice-contact deltas), and in the sub-loess mantle (as solifluction deposits). The total facies package is typically 4 to 8 m thick. IWLPs rise 1 to 3 m above the surrounding landscape which may include deposits of diamicton or younger terraces underlain by younger glaciolacustrine deposits. Glacial Lake Pingree, a large proglacial lake mapped originally by Willman and Frye (1970), is a complex of IWLPs encased in younger lake sediment. Some lower level terraces may reflect stepwise lowering of base level, and could be interpreted as IWLPs. Notable features in Kane County include: 1) Seventy-meter thick deposits of clay loam diamicton of the Tiskilwa Formation (Wedron Group) forming the Marengo Moraine, 2) High-level terraces along the Fox River formed during by catastrophic overflow (“Fox Torrent” of Alden) of a proglacial lake dammed by the Woodstock Moraine, 3) Deep bedrock valleys with glaciofluvial fills of Illinois Episode sand and gravel, that contain important regional aquifers, and 4) An outstanding array of data characterizing Quaternary deposits. Data density is especially high at the former Fermi Accelerator Laboratory, which allowed differentiation of three facies of the Yorkville Member and the Batestown Member of the Lemont Formation. 11-7 BTH 37 Phillips, Andrew C. [218681] INTERCALATING SLACKWATER LAKE AND OUTWASH DEPOSITS AT A BEDROCK VALLEY CONFLUENCE IN THE LOWER WABASH VALLEY PHILLIPS, Andrew C., Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, 615 E. Peabody, Champaign, IL 61820, aphillps@illinois.edu, ISMAIL, Ahmed, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, 615 East Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820, LARSON, Timothy, Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, 615 E Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820, and GEMPERLINE, Johanna, Department of Geology, University of Illinois, 1301 West Green St, MC 102, Urbana, IL 61801 The Grayville 7.5’ Quadrangle, centered on 87.9373°E, 38.3126°N, includes the confluence of the buried Bonpas Bedrock Valley (BBV) with the trunk Wabash Valley (WV). The BBV is a short, ~1.5 km wide, and filled with up to 30 m of Quaternary sediment. The existing Bonpas Creek is underfit to the valley and is incised into the BBV fill. Bedrock-cored ridges and isolated hills protrude 10-30 m above low relief valley fills. The region was overridden by the Illinois Episode and earlier ice sheets but was affected only by proglacial processes during the Wisconsin Episode. The architecture of the valley fills was investigated with 3.5 km of shallow seismic shear wave profiling (SSW), 1 km of earth electrical resistivity profiling, probing, and study of archived well logs. Strong, undular reflections in the SSW profiles delineate a clear thalweg and slightly stepped slopes along the margins of the BBV. The BBV and WV were excavated before the Illinois Episode. A small tributary to the BBV hangs 4m above the BBV thalweg, possibly indicating glacial erosion, bedrock control, or several stages of excavation. Although the high ridges are covered by a veneer of Illinois Episode till, sediment of that or earlier glacial episodes has not yet been recognized in the BBV fill. During the Wisconsin Episode, rapid glacifluvial aggradation in the WV dammed the BBV, causing formation of a slackwater lake. Some of the outwash, dominantly sand with gravel, transgressed up the lower BBV as a delta or fan. Silt loam to clay sediment was deposited in the lake from eolian and overbank sources. The alluvial and lacustrine sedimentation progressively filled the BBV until the end of the Wisconsin Episode. Two to eight prominent subhorizontal reflectors in the SSW profiles indicate episodic erosion and sedimentation. A late-glacial jökhulhaup overtopped the walls of the WV and formed a wide, gently sloping and low relief swath that crosscuts the lower Bonpas Valley. The central portion of the swath was deposited from the main flow, whereas the bordering ridges were levee- or fan-like deposits that prograded in to the existing slackwater lake. Downcutting of the WV fill may also have occurred during this or related events. The modern floodplain of the WV is set ~7 m below the tributary valley fill deposits.
SESSION NO. 12, 1:30 PM Thursday, 2 May 2013 Sedimentology & Stratigraphy Fetzer Center, Room 2020 12-1 1:30 PM Alshahrani, Saeed S. [218727] EVIDENCE FOR SHALLOW-WATER ORIGIN OF A DEVONIAN BLACK SHALE, CLEVELAND SHALE MEMBER (OHIO SHALE), NORTHEASTERN OHIO ALSHAHRANI, Saeed S. and EVANS, James, E., Department of Geology, Bowling Green State University, 190 Overman Hall, Bowling Green, OH 43402, evansje@bgsu.edu There has long been a debate about whether the Devonian Cleveland Shale Member (Ohio Shale) was deposited in shallow- or deep-water depositional environments. This study looked at the Cleveland Shale Member (CSM) at 3 stratigraphic sections and 5 well cores from four counties in northeastern Ohio. The CSM mostly consists of interbedded dark gray and light gray carbonaceous fissile mudstones or claystones. The dark gray shale (mean thickness 13 cm) and light gray shale (mean thickness 17 cm) are rhythmically bedded and represent changes in carbon content. Three types of event layers are interbedded with the mudrocks: (1) tempestites (hummocky stratified fine-grained sandstones overlain by planar laminated very fine-grained sandstones overlain by ripple laminated or climbing-ripple laminated very fine-grained sandstones); (2) distal turbidites (normally graded normally graded fine-grained sandstones, siltstones, and shales); and (3) hyperpycnites (normally graded microlaminae of very fine-grained sandstone, siltstone, and shale). The tempestites overlie sole marks such as groove casts, and these indicate transport directions NE-SW (n = 56 measurements). The tempestites average 4.9 cm thick, are common at the base of the unit, and contain a newly observed trace fossil (Neonereites). The turbidites average 6.2 cm thick and are more common at the top of the unit. The hyperpycnites have been studied primarily using petrography and the SEM. Hyperpycnites are common throughout the CSM, for example at least 10 individual hyperpycnites were identified within a single stratigraphic interval ~ 1.73 cm thick. The hyperpycnites show uniform thickness in the study area, and may be correlated from place to place. The preliminary interpretation is that the CSM depositional environment was receiving clastics from the NE, which were primarily transported as density underflows (turbidites and hyperpycnites). However, significant storm deposits (tempestites) within the CSM indicate deposition occurred on a clastic marine shelf at water depths less than storm wave base. 12-2 1:50 PM Jenschke, Matthew Clay [218503] DELTA FRONT AND SHALLOW SUB-TIDAL FACIES IN THE LATE DEVONIAN BEDFORD SHALE AND BEREA SANDSTONE, NW OHIO JENSCHKE, Matthew Clay and EVANS, James E., Department of Geology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, mjensch@bgsu.edu Facies analysis of outcrops of the Bedford Shale and Berea Sandstone in Cuyahoga and Medina counties (NE Ohio) has described 21 lithofacies. The units are entirely siliciclastic, ranging from mudstones and mudshales to coarse-grained and pebbly sandstones. There is a general coarsening- and thickening-upwards trend from the Bedford Shale to the overlying Berea Sandstone, consistent with previous interpretations of a prograding deltaic environment, however there is extensive local variation representing sub-environments such as: (1) storm-dominated clastic shelf deposits with tempestites (hummocky and swaley stratification); (2) extensive muddy shelf deposits below storm wave-base; (3) gravity-controlled slope deposits with extensive syndepositional slump structures and mud diapirs; (4) tidal sandwaves; (5) tidally-influenced deposits with heterolithic flaser, wavy, and lenticular bedded sandstones and mud drapes and tidal rhythmites; (6) distributary mouth bar deposits with climbing-ripple lamination; and (7) channel deposits with mud intraclasts, and tidally-influenced fluvial cross-bedded sandstones. On a larger-scale, deltaic distributary lobes exhibit both progradational and retrogradational trends (distributary channel abandonment, delta platform subsidence, and wave reworking), consistent with a dynamic environment affected by both autocyclic (distributary lobe switching and avulsion) and allocyclic controls (eustasy, subsidence, and sediment supply). 12-3 2:10 PM Shah, Mihir [218663] SUBSURFACE FACIES ANALYSIS OF ROSE RUN SANDSTONE (UPPER CAMBRIAN) IN EASTERN OHIO SHAH, Mihir, Bowling Green State Univerisity, Bowling Green, OH 43403, mshah@bgsu.edu and EVANS, James E., Department of Geology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403 This study of the Cambrian Rose Run Sandstone conducted lithofacies and microfacies analysis from 4 cores from Holmes (well 2892), Coshocton (wells 2989 and 3385), and Morgan (well 2923) counties in eastern Ohio. The Rose Run Sandstone is primarily sandstone, but also includes thin but common mudstone intervals, and dolostone. There are a total of 13 siliciclastic lithofacies and 5 carbonate lithofacies. Intertidal deposits include heterolithic flaser bedded sandstone and mudstone (lithofacies SMf), heterolithic wavy bedded sandstone and mudstone (SMw), heterolithic lenticular bedded sandstone and mudstone (SMk) and interbedded planar laminated sandstone and mudstone (SMl), the latter interpreted as tidalites. Subtidal clastic deposits include medium-scale planar tabular cross-bedded sandstone (lithofacies Sp) and herringbone cross-bedded sandstone (Sx), massive sandstone (Sm), glauconite-rich sandstones (SMg), hummocky stratified sandstone (Sh) and massive (Mm), laminated (Ml) and convoluted bedded (MMc) mudstones. Sm is the most common lithofacies and SMg has the highest intergranular porosity. Interbedded carbonates include dolomudstones (lithofacies Cm), bioturbated and mottled dolo-mudstones (Cmm), dolo-grainstones (Cgmb), dolo-packstones with mud drapes (“cryptalgal lamination”) (Cpl), and dolo-packstones with mud rip-up clasts (“flat pebble conglomerates”) (Cpmr). Contacts between sandstone and carbonates are gradational, whereas sharp and erosive contacts may be found between sandstone and shale intervals (e.g., core 2923). The Rose Run Sandstone in this region is interpreted as a shallow marine environment of normal salinity, with extensive tidal flats, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate deposition, strong tidal influence, and with reworking of carbonate materials. Continuing studies are on reservoir compartmentalization in this unit. SESSION NO. 12 12-4 2:30 PM Malgieri, Thomas J. [218065] PRELIMINARY REVISION OF THE SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY AND NOMENCLATURE OF THE UPPER MAYSVILLIAN-LOWER RICHMONDIAN STRATA EXPOSED IN KENTUCKY MALGIERI, Thomas J., Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, 500 Geology/ Physics Building, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0013, Malgietj@mail.uc.edu, BRETT, Carlton E., Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0013, THOMKA, James R., Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, 500 Geology-Physics Building, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220, and AUCOIN, Christopher D., Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45211-0013 Late Ordovician (Katian) strata of Kentucky, in the Cincinnati Arch region, display a regional change in lithologic and faunal gradients corresponding to a southeast-shallowing epicontinental ramp. While a detailed sequence stratigraphic framework has been established for the lower Cincinnatian, that of the upper Maysvillian-lower Richmondian succession of northern and central Kentucky has not been studied in detail. Moreover, locally and inconsistently applied lithostratigraphic terms reflecting facies changes along the ramp have complicated precise subdivisions of sequences into component cycles and inhibited recognition of regionally consistent patterns. This study uses high-resolution facies analysis and tracing of distinctive stratigraphic markers including biostromal horizons, rhythmic intervals, erosion and flooding surfaces, and distinctive fossil epiboles across lithofacies and nomenclatorial boundaries to reveal stratigraphic consistencies largely overlooked by previous researchers. By using these methods, it is possible to refine the depositional sequences whilst creating a nomenclature that can be applied more consistently throughout the region. Preliminary results indicate that much of the past terminology can be retained and refined, allowing the use of one unified set of names on the member scale level that will be integrated into formations. This will allow easier correlations along the Cincinnati arch. Moreover, this will lead to a refined sequence stratigraphic framework for a better understating of depositional environments and changes in faunal gradients. Because these sequences span offshore to peritidal facies they provide the possibility of testing for changes in sequences and their component systems tracts across a proximal-distal gradient. Finally, the beds record the onset of the Richmondian invasion and high-resolution stratigraphy will provide a framework to examine the details of this important ecological evolutionary event. 12-5 2:50 PM Huck, Scott W. [218674] INFLUENCE OF STORM WAVE BASE FLUCTUATIONS ON CARBONATE SHELF FACIES IN THE ORDOVICIAN POINT PLEASANT FORMATION (CENTRAL OHIO) HUCK, Scott W. and EVANS, James E., Department of Geology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, shuck@bgsu.edu The Ordovician Point Pleasant Formation is interpreted as a deepening-upward carbonate shelf sequence in central Ohio, based on analysis of the Chevron 1A Prudential core (#3410120196) at the Ohio Geological Survey H.R. Collins Core Laboratory. Lithofacies of the Point Pleasant Formation are a mixed siliclastic and carbonate depositional system. The base of the Point Pleasant Formation (above the Trenton Limestone) is dominated by carbonate tempestites, which are interpreted as evidence for shallow-water shelf conditions (above storm wave base). The carbonate tempestites are composed of undulated skeletal grainstones (Cgu) that are 2 cm thick, light grey, undulated, and are composed primarily of brachiopod shells. Above the skeletal grainstones are carbonaceous calcareous wackstones (Cw) that are 2-4 cm thick, organic rich, dark brown/black, and contain sparse amounts of fossil fauna. The Point Pleasant Formation then transitions upward to mostly mixed siliclastic and carbonate pelagic rhythmites, which is interpreted as evidence for deeper water conditions (below storm wave base). The rhythmites are composed of siltstone (SS) that is light grey, fine grained, and thinly bedded (
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