Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow and the Chinese Revolution - KU ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

oughly 5 percent of the approximately eighty women students then at the university. 4. Eight of the 28 Bolsheviks came from Hupeh Province, the largest number of persons from any one province. Five came from Anhwei Province, four came from Hunan, four from Szechuan, one from Kiangsi, and six from Kiangsu and Chekiang provinces. 5. All of the 28 Bolsheviks came from the Yangtze River valley. 6. Of the 28 Bolsheviks, about twenty had received higher educations and were fluent in one or two foreign languages such as Russian, English, French, or German. 7. One of them—Hsia Hsi—was a member of the CC of the CCP before he returned to China, and ten—Chang Wen-t'ien, Ch'en Shaoyu, Ch'in Pang-hsien, Ho K'e-ch'uan, Shen Tse-min, Li Chou-sheng, Sheng Chung-liang, Wang Chia-hsiang, Wang Yun-ch'eng, and Yang Shang-k'uen—were elected members or alternate members of the CC of the CCP at one time or another after their return to China, three of them—Ch'en Shao-yu, Ch'in Pang-hsien, and Chang Wen-t'ien—becoming secretaries general of the CCP. Two became in succession chairmen of the Shanghai bureau of the CC of the CCP—Li Chousheng and Sheng Chung-liang. Four—Ch'in Pang-hsien, Wang Yunch'eng, Sun Chi-min, and Ho K'e-ch'uan—became members of the CC of the CYC, two of them—Ch'in Pang-hsien and Wang Yun-ch'eng —becoming secretaries general of the CYC. The rest of the 28 Bolsheviks became Party leaders at the provincial level or became Front Army political commissars. 8. Among the 28 Bolsheviks, four died of illnesses or in plane crashes. Three were captured by the KMT and executed. Eleven were captured by the KMT and left the Communist Party. Of these eleven, three were subsequently captured by the Chinese Communists when the Communists came to national power in China, and were executed. Of the rest of the eleven, seven stayed in mainland China when the Communists came to power there, and I know nothing about how they have fared except that indications are that Ch'en Shao-yu now lives in the USSR. I, too, have settled abroad. Seven of the 28 Bolsheviks remained in the CCP, four of them in the CC, prior to the advent of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. But either prior to the Great 217
Proletarian Cultural Revolution or during it, these four all fell into disgrace with Mao Tse-tung. THE TEN-DAY PARTY MEETING AND CHANG KUO-T'AO The 28 Bolsheviks were born and grew up in the political struggle in Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow. Although they and their supporters engaged in a fierce fight with the Second Line coalition, the coalition elements greatly outnumbered them. Nevertheless, they pressed for a showdown with the Second Line coalition in the early part of the summer of 1929. As part of their "win a quick victory" strategy they made a series of proposals to the bureau of the Party branch, all of which were accepted. They proposed that a general Party meeting in Sun Yat-sen University be convened to carry out a comprehensive debate on the pertinent issues. They also proposed that Finkovski, secretary of the CPSU committee of the district in which Sun Yat-sen University was located, address the meeting. They proposed, furthermore, that the Chinese delegates to the Comintern attend the meeting so that they could be exposed to public criticism in an effort to stop their behind-the-scenes activities—a strategy of "drawing them out and then beating them." While Finkovski accepted the invitation with pleasure, Ch'u Ch'iu-pai politely refused the invitation, and Chang Kuo-t'ao came in his stead as representative of the Chinese Comintern delegation. The 28 Bolsheviks were disappointed by the absence of Ch'u Ch'iu-pai, who was known to the Russians as Comrade Strakhov, for he constituted their principal target for attack. Clearly, Ch'u Ch'iu-pai declined the invitation so as to avoid a direct confrontation with the 28 Bolsheviks at Sun Yat-sen University. Most likely, he did not wish to openly wager his prestige on what was, after all, a lost cause, for the weight of both the Comintern and the CPSU lay behind the 28 Bolsheviks. The meeting convened. Chang Kuo-t'ao was elected to its presidium, and the 28 Bolsheviks were among those who voted to put him there, where he could be publicly gotten at. Chang Kuo-t'ao then presided at the first session of the meeting, the chairmanship of the presidium rotating with each session. Finkovski was the main speaker, which was to our liking. For, as mentioned, Finkovski was secretary of the CPSU committee of the Moscow district in which the university 218
Page 1 and 2:
Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow an
Page 3 and 4:
Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow an
Page 5 and 6:
COPYRIGHT © 1971 CENTER FOR EAST A
Page 7 and 8:
University in Moscow and of the 28
Page 9 and 10:
of whom I was one. My memory, as is
Page 11 and 12:
Contents Foreword v Preface vii Abb
Page 13 and 14:
Introduction Dr. Sun Yat-sen was bo
Page 15 and 16:
enough names to indicate that these
Page 17:
Yat-sen University enrolled non-Com
Page 20 and 21:
To Lenin, Dr. Sun Yat-sen represent
Page 22 and 23:
momentum. This influence reached it
Page 24 and 25:
gone to Russia to study at KUTV, in
Page 26 and 27:
is approaching when the Soviet Unio
Page 28 and 29:
University in Moscow in the same ye
Page 30 and 31:
egistering for the examinations. Th
Page 32 and 33:
Chapter II The Pilgrimage to Red Me
Page 34 and 35:
Russian for about four or five mont
Page 36 and 37:
Province. But I shall suppress my i
Page 38 and 39:
While the Soviet Union was generall
Page 40 and 41:
the stowage area because the very f
Page 42 and 43:
nights on the train. We finally arr
Page 44 and 45:
the Trade Union Building in Novembe
Page 46 and 47:
large number of Trotskyite professo
Page 48 and 49:
utterfly. At times he hung his head
Page 50 and 51:
ector was filled by a very handsome
Page 52 and 53:
of the university in the summer of
Page 54 and 55:
Chapter IV The Internal Organizatio
Page 56 and 57:
Rector Radek of Sun Yat-sen Univers
Page 58 and 59:
world our denouncement of the consp
Page 60 and 61:
arranged the secret nighttime arres
Page 62 and 63:
planning even more and forced an ex
Page 64 and 65:
foreign currency. Therefore, the Ru
Page 66 and 67:
Sinologists. Another famed Russian
Page 68 and 69:
addition to employing most of the y
Page 70 and 71:
theoretical thinking of the members
Page 72 and 73:
14. I have had an opportunity to ex
Page 74 and 75:
tionary Movements. The reason for t
Page 76 and 77:
nevertheless cannot deny that "Geog
Page 78 and 79:
of a Russian-language work entitled
Page 80 and 81:
up to the seventh class, which also
Page 82 and 83:
instructor in the Soviet Party Scho
Page 84 and 85:
With this special attention these "
Page 86 and 87:
I was honored to teach the politica
Page 88 and 89:
In all, there were four professors
Page 90 and 91:
However, we might as well have been
Page 92 and 93:
usually ran around two hours, and t
Page 94 and 95:
dragged on and on, and finally the
Page 96 and 97:
From the above, one can see that th
Page 98 and 99:
Chapter VI Room, Board, and Recreat
Page 100 and 101:
Let us now turn to housing at Sun Y
Page 102 and 103:
When famous operas were staged in M
Page 104 and 105:
staying temporarily in Russia we di
Page 106 and 107:
excellent meals, I knew that our pr
Page 108 and 109:
passed a resolution to cooperate wi
Page 110 and 111:
The actual theoretical struggle bet
Page 112 and 113:
time, he had to be careful not to a
Page 114 and 115:
pai, who had attended the Congress
Page 116 and 117:
ticular. At this crucial juncture i
Page 118 and 119:
Chapter VIII Rule of the Moscow Bra
Page 120 and 121:
5. Destroy unity based on sentiment
Page 122 and 123:
students and the entire petty bourg
Page 124 and 125:
were, after all, human beings and n
Page 126 and 127:
she said, should be based on trust
Page 128 and 129:
eturn to China. In addition, they w
Page 130 and 131:
Kai-shek, and the other to the work
Page 132 and 133:
for example, Stalin had insisted th
Page 134 and 135:
us the new title, "Chiang Kai-shek,
Page 136 and 137:
committee simply had not expected t
Page 138 and 139:
throw his lot in with the Communist
Page 140 and 141:
Surely it was on this point that th
Page 142 and 143:
ers whose sympathies lay with Trots
Page 144 and 145:
Chapter X Feng Yu-hsiang—Honorary
Page 146 and 147:
of thirty people, which included Yu
Page 148 and 149:
Province, as did Feng. It seems app
Page 150 and 151:
in the province, Chinese Communists
Page 152 and 153:
to help him fight the Wuhan governm
Page 154 and 155:
However, their plans were destined
Page 156 and 157:
Hu Han-min was an especially import
Page 158 and 159:
Russian scholars. He also received
Page 160 and 161:
discussions was the relationship be
Page 162 and 163:
youngsters who had stood for hours
Page 164 and 165:
Russia as well as among us students
Page 166 and 167:
tionary movement developed rapidly.
Page 168 and 169:
to make it known that they were see
Page 170 and 171:
ecause of a desire to chat with his
Page 172 and 173:
students to edit and translate it i
Page 174 and 175:
many people at Sun Yat-sen Universi
Page 176 and 177:
intern's China policy. In September
Page 178 and 179: occasionally turned up with deep sc
Page 180 and 181: 5. To demand that the CPSU reorgani
Page 182 and 183: K'uan, Cheng Ch'ao-lin, Kao Yu-han,
Page 184 and 185: Trotskyites who had not been arrest
Page 186 and 187: of inquiry. In the heavy crossfire
Page 188 and 189: eighty to ninety Trotskyite student
Page 190 and 191: and alert. The prisoner, still brac
Page 192 and 193: There was also, of course, a good d
Page 194 and 195: The sages and idiots, after a thous
Page 196 and 197: 1927, the Autumn Harvest Uprisings
Page 198 and 199: delegates to the Fifth Congress of
Page 200 and 201: gotten, but they probably were not
Page 202 and 203: uilding. Upon our arrival there, we
Page 204 and 205: torians have experienced problems a
Page 206 and 207: unanimously elected executive gener
Page 208 and 209: NIKOLAI BUKHARIN AND OTHER RUSSIANS
Page 210 and 211: can be converted into paddy fields,
Page 212 and 213: secretary general. Kuan had been a
Page 214 and 215: away, and we relaxed, feeling exhau
Page 216 and 217: Chapter XV The Struggle Against the
Page 218 and 219: elaborate celebration than ever bef
Page 220 and 221: the bureau of the Party branch. And
Page 222 and 223: ever, was short-lived. The Second L
Page 224 and 225: conspicuous. 3 They criticized the
Page 226 and 227: worker and peasant students. Althou
Page 230 and 231: was located, one of twenty-six admi
Page 232 and 233: and then asked me to interpret what
Page 234 and 235: as long as the situation permitted.
Page 236 and 237: worried the 28 Bolsheviks. For she
Page 238 and 239: learned years later when I met seve
Page 240 and 241: truly remarkable that the Chinese C
Page 242 and 243: liminary Successes in One or More P
Page 244 and 245: line, so at the session and for a t
Page 246 and 247: I remained in Moscow. I was assigne
Page 248 and 249: special personnel arrangements that
Page 250 and 251: Chapter XVII The 28 Bolsheviks and
Page 252 and 253: Provincial Committee, was short-liv
Page 254 and 255: ack in Hong Kong, the British immed
Page 256 and 257: capitulated to the KMT authorities,
Page 258 and 259: next time, Li Chin-yung, who was di
Page 260 and 261: Kiangsi Province and at Mao Tse-tun
Page 262 and 263: in early 1933, Ch'in Pang-hsien and
Page 264 and 265: eceived from Jui-chin. 14 Upon rece
Page 266 and 267: as follows: (1) The Central Soviet
Page 268 and 269: Chang Wen-t'ien, a man of literary
Page 270 and 271: trends in the united front and expo
Page 272 and 273: sought to destroy in the 1960s, but
Page 274 and 275: Index In addition to abbreviations
Page 276 and 277: discrimination, racial, 32-33 "Do y
Page 278 and 279:
for leadership of CCP, 237-261; sei
Page 280 and 281:
at, 90-95; Student Commune, 92; "co
show all

Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow and the Chinese Revolution - KU ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?