André Rebouoas: da Engenharia Civil j Engenharia Social

Introdução – André Rebouças: uma trajetória em várias versões 27
LQFRQIRUPLVPR VRFLDO GH YpVSHUDV GR VpFXOR ;,; VHULD DQWHV XP ´UHVtGXR FXOWXUDOµ GR VpFXOR
;9,, PDV VHP VXD GLPHQVmR SROtWLFD GHFRUUrQFLD HYLGHQWH GH VXD GHUURWD DQWHULRU R TXH
DWXDULD QR VHQWLGR GH ´GHVORFDU R HL[R GD VXD DomR H GH VXD FRQVFLrQFLD GH XP UHSXEOLFDQLVPR
VRFLDO UDGLFDOL]DGR SDUD XPD XWRSLD GH HPDQFLSDomR GRV GHVWLQRV LQGLYLGXDLV UHIHULGD TXDVH
VHPSUH j YDORUL]DomR GH XPD YLGD DXW{QRPD GLJQD H SUyVSHUDµ ( R OXJDU VRFLDO GH
FRQFUHWL]DomR GHVWD XWRSLD VHULD D $PpULFD GR 1RUWH FRQIRUPDQGR R WHPD GD ´YLDJHP j WHUUD
SURPHWLGDµ 5HERXoDV FRPR RV GHPDLV DPHULFDQLVWDV GR ,PSpULR EUDVLOHLUR H GD $PpULFD
/DWLQD 7DYDUHV %DVWRV 6DUPLHQWR H $OEHUGL FRP rQIDVHV GLVWLQWDV WHULD SHUFHELGR R
GHVORFDPHQWR QmR DSHQDV JHRJUiILFR PDV SULQFLSDOPHQWH LQWHOHFWXDO GR HL[R GH XPD KLVWyULD
HPLQHQWHPHQWH HXURSpLD H EULWkQLFD SDUD XPD FRQVWHODomR PDLV DPSOD RQGH RV (VWDGRV
8QLGRV VXUJLD FRPR JUDQGH GHVWDTXH SDUWLFXODUPHQWH DWUDYpV GH XPD OHLWXUD RWLPLVWD GH
7RFTXHYLOOH 2V (VWDGRV 8QLGRV DR ORQJR GR VpFXOR ;,; HPHUJHULD QHVWH FHQiULR
FRQVWUXLQGR XPD KHJHPRQLD DOWHUQDWLYD j LQJOHVD GLIHUHQWHPHQWH GD 3D[ %ULWDQQLFD TXH VH
DOLFHUoDYD DWUDYpV GD FRQVROLGDomR GH GXDV IUHQWHV DXW{QRPDV HQWUH VL FRPR VHULDP DV
SHUVSHFWLYDV WHUULWRULDOLVWD H D GD JDUDQWLD GRV LQWHUHVVHV GRV FLGDGmRV SURSULHWiULRV RV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV
HOH PHVPR SURGXWR GHVWD H[SDQVmR EULWkQLFD TXH LQFUHPHQWDYD GLYHUVRV PHUFDGRV LQWHUQRV
FRQVWLWXtD VH SHOD FRPELQDomR P~WXD GH DPEDV DV IUHQWHV LVWR p DWUDYpV GH XP
´H[SDQVLRQLVPR HVWDWDO FRPR XP PRYLPHQWR GH DILUPDomR GD SURSULHGDGH SULYDGD GR KRPHP
FRPXPµ
6HJXQGR 5H]HQGH GH &DUYDOKR UHVXOWDULD GDt D DOXVmR GH 5HERXoDV jV H[SHULrQFLDV QRUWH
DPHULFDQDV GR $PHULFDQ *UDQJHU 0RYHPHQW H GR DVVRFLDWLYLVPR GH SURSULHWiULRV EHP FRPR jV
LQLFLDWLYDV JRYHUQDPHQWDLV TXH DV IDFLOLWDVVHP QD SURSRUomR LQYHUVD GR LQWHUYHQFLRQLVPR
HVWDWDO H[HPSOLILFDGDV SHOR +RPHVWHDG $FW GH ² OHJLVODomR TXH JDUDQWLD D SRVVH GD WHUUD D
TXHP QHOD VH HVWDEHOHFHVVH H D FXOWLYDVVH SRU XP SHUtRGR PtQLPR GH DQRV (VWH VHULD R VHX
TXDGUR GH UHIHUrQFLDV GHVGH D GpFDGD GH TXDQGR DLQGD HQJHQKHLUR PLOLWDU IRUD PDQGDGR
HP PLVVmR GH UHFRQKHFLPHQWR GDV IRUWDOH]DV EUDVLOHLUDV QR OLWRUDO SRU RFDVLmR GD TXHVWmR
&KULVWLH 1DTXHOH PRPHQWR 5HERXoDV GHUD RV SULPHLURV SDVVRV QD VXD SHUVSHFWLYD
LPLJUDQWLVWD H FRORQL]DGRUD D TXDO Vy JDQKDULD FRUSR GHILQLWLYR DQRV PDLV WDUGH $R WRPDU
66 Idem, p. 162.
67 Idem, p. 163.
68 Idem, pp. 194 e ss. Segundo a autora, são poucas as referências ao pessimismo tocquevilliano, particularmente suas críticas à
civilização do norte, nas obras de Sarmiento ou de Tavares Bastos. Deixavam de lado o diagnóstico das duras condições que
caracterizavam o desenvolvimento do capitalismo nos Estados Unidos.
69 Idem, ibidem.
70 O reforço das fortalezas brasileiras não era inócuo, pois confirmava uma tendência de recrudescimento da política anti-escravagista