Comparative Parasitology 67(1) 2000 - Peru State College

38 COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY, 67(1), JANUARY 2000
al., 1969; Andrews and Threlfall, 1975; Lisitsyna,
1993) either report juveniles or give no
indication of maturity.
Acanthocephalans belonging to all taxonomic
classes and 6 of the 8 orders of the phylum have
been reported as extraintestinal infections in vertebrates.
Such parenteral infections are results of
either specific adaptations serving to enhance
transmission or historical events not currently
maintained by natural selection. It is probable
that this trait in P. cylindraceus, and perhaps in
other species that occur parenterally in hosts
from which transmission to a definitive host is
impossible or unlikely, is a result of inheritance
from an ancestor in which it might have had a
selective advantage, rather than being an adaptation
shaped by current selective forces.
Acknowledgments
Russell A. Benedict, School of Biological Sciences,
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, assisted
with trapping of mammals, and Patricia W. Freeman,
curator of zoology, University of Nebraska
State Museum, loaned traps. The study was supported,
in part, by an Ashton C. Cuckler Fellowship
(to N.R.C.).
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