Comparative Parasitology 67(1) 2000 - Peru State College

Table 2. Parasite list for Onychodactylus japonicus.
BURSEY AND GOLDBERG—ANGIOSTOMA ONYCHODACTYLA SP. N. 63
Helminth Prevalence Reference
Trematoda
Pseiidopolystoma dendriticum
Mesocoeliurn brevicaecum
Cephalouterina leoi
Cestoda
Cylinclrotaenia sp. (immature)
Nematoda
Amphibiocapillaria tritonispunctati
Angiostoma onychodactyla sp. n.
Parapharyngodon japonicus
Pseudoxyascaris japonicus
Rhabditis sp.
Unidentified nematode
Unidentified oxyurids
Acanthocephala
Unidentified cystacanths
Not given
Not given
1% (1/68)
Not given
4% (3/68)
Not given
3% (2/68)
Not given
5% (1/20)
24% (16/68)
38% (26/68)
Not given
Not given
Not given
Not given
45% (9/20)
1% (1/68)
1818), a Nearctic salamander (Chitwood, 1933).
Angiostoma onychodactyla is the second species
to be described from salamanders, albeit a Palaearctic
salamander.
Discussion
A key to the known species of Angiostoma
was published by Morand and Barker (1995). Of
these 8 species, Angiostoma onychodactyla is
more similar to A. limacis and A. plethodontis
in that lateral alae are absent, and there is a bulb
without valves. In A. limacis, the tip of the tail
has denticles, while in A. onychodactyla and A.
plethodontis, the tail is elongated and without
denticles. The major difference between A. onychodactyla
and A. plethodontis is in the number
and position of the caudal papillae, A. onychodactyla
with 8 pairs (all postcloacal) compared
with A. plethodontis with 9 pairs (2 precloacal
pairs and 7 postcloacal). Other differences include
length of spicules (128 in A. onychodactyla
compared with 60) and length of gubernaculum
(44 compared with 25). Adamson (1986)
suggested that salamander hosts acquired infection
by ingesting parasitized molluscs, but more
work will be required to test this hypothesis.
Onychodactylus japonicus also harbored 3
species of trematodes: 2 individuals of Cephalouterina
leoi, 12 of Mesocoeliwn brevicaecum,
Ozaki, 1948
Uchida and Itagaki,
This study
Uchida et al., 1986
This study
Uchida et al., 1986
This study
Uchida et al., 1986
1979
Pearse, 1932
This study
Bursey and Goldberg, 1999
Uchida and Itagaki, 1979
Wilkie, 1930
Uchida et al., 1986
Wilkie, 1930
Pearse, 1932
This study
and 1 of Pseiidopolystoma dendriticum.', 1 species
of nematode, 124 individuals of Parapharyngodon
japonicus; and 1 cystacanth of an unidentified
species of acanthocephalan. These
species have been previously reported from O.
japonicus.
Cephalouterina leoi was described from 3
specimens found by Uchida et al. (1986) during
examination of the small intestines of 900 O.
japonicus. This is the second report of C. leoi;
the only known host is O. japonicus. Mesocoeliurn
brevicaecum, originally described by Goto
and Ozaki (1929a) from the intestine of the Japanese
common toad, Bufo japonicus Schlegel,
1838, is often found in the small intestine of
other Japanese amphibians, namely, the Kajika
frog, Buergeria buergeri (Temminck and Schlegel,
1838), the wrinkled frog, Rana rugosa Temminck
and Schlegel, 1838, the Mitsjama salamander,
Hynobius nebulosus (Schlegel, 1838),
the Stejneger's oriental salamander, H. stejnegeri
Dunn, 1923, and the Japanese newt, Triturus
pyrrhogaster (Boie, 1826) (Goto and Ozaki,
1929a, b). Nasir and Diaz (1971) referred all
Japanese species of Mesocoelium to M. brevicaecum.
Pearse (1932) was the first to report M.
brevicaecum from O. japonicus and this is the
second report of M. brevicaecum in this host.
Pseudopolystoma dendriticum was originally de-
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