Comparative Parasitology 68(2) 2001 - Peru State College

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280 COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY, 68(2), JULY 2001 Figures 1-6. Cosmocephalus obvelatus from Spheniscus magellanicus. 1. Apical view. 2. Anterior extremity showing lateral alae (arrow), dorsal view. 3. Anterior extremity showing cephalic papillae (arrow), inflexions of chordons and deirid (arrow), lateral view. 4. Detail of deirid. 5. Detail of postdeirid located near end of lateral alae (arrow). 6. Posterior extremity of male with left spicule protruded and showing papillae arrangement with proximal pair of precloacal papillae lying out of line of distribution (arrow), latero-ventral view. Scale bars: 1 = 50 ixm, 2 = 500 (mm, 3 = 100 u.m, 4 = 10 (xm, 5 = 20 (Jim, and 6 = 200 fjim. Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington
ticeps (Rudolphi, 1819), which also is cosmopolitan but has a narrower range of hosts, Etchegoin et al. (2000) found differences in measurements among specimens from different localities. The shape of the cordons, the morphology and size of the cervical papillae, and the location in the definitive host (habitats) seem to be of fundamental importance when establishing relationships in the acuariid group (Barus and Majudmar, 1975). The cordons of Cosmocephalus have a complex structure and are relatively wide. Cosmocephalus obvelatus is always located in the esophagus of the host. The genera Synhimantus and Cosmocephalus are closely related; they have similar cordons and cervical papillae, but members of the former genus live under the cuticle of the gizzard. Etchegoin et al. (2000) reported morphometric differences that they considered as intraspecific variations in specimens from different hosts and localities. However, we observed that C. obvelatus varies little, even in different hosts and localities. This morphometrical stability may indicate that Cosmocephalus is better adapted to different hosts and diverse localities because all hosts have similar environmental and feeding habits (eating fish). The intermediate hosts of C. obvelatus are amphipods, and it uses fish as paratenic hosts (Anderson, 1992). These characteristics may play an important role in the cosmopolitan distribution of C. obvelatus. Moreover, the distributions of many species of fish-eating birds overlap in their breeding and/or wintering grounds. The intensity of infection recorded here is similar to the intensities found by Keppner (1973) from the California gull Larus californicus Lawrence, 1854 (Lariidae) (prevalence [P] = 23.5% and mean intensity [I] = 4.25), by Courtney and Forrester (1974) from the brown pelican Pelecanus occidentalis Linnaeus, 1776 (Pelecanidae), in North America (P = 40% and I = 4), and by Lafuente et al. (1999) from Audouin's gull Larus audouinii Payraudeau, 1826 (Lariidae), in the Mediterranean Sea (P = 82.76% and I = 5.08). This intensity is higher than that given by Threlfall (1968) from the black-backed gull Larus marinus Linnaeus, 1758 (Lariidae), in Newfoundland (P = 9.39% and I = 1). Boero and Led (1970) described a new species, Cosmocephalus argentinensis, from 1 female specimen found in a Magellanic penguin RESEARCH NOTES 281 in the Zoological Garden in La Plata, Argentina. We consider this acuariid as a species inquirendae because the description is very poor and no type materials (which were never deposited in a museum collection) are available for our examination. We gratefully acknowledge the staff of the Servicio de Microscopia Electronica de Barrido, Museo de La Plata, for their technical assistance and Lucy Shirlaw for revision of the English. This study was funded by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientfficas y Tecnicas (CON- ICET) and by the Comision de Investigaciones Cientfficas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC). Literature Cited Anderson, R. C. 1992. Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates. Their Development and Transmission. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K. 578 pp. , and P. L. Wong. 1981. Redescription of Cosmocephalus obvelatus (Creplin, 1825) (Nematoda: Acuarioidea) from Larus delawarensis Ord (Laridae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 59:1897- 1902. Azuma, H., M. Okamoto, M. Ohbayashi, Y. Nishine, and T. Mukai. 1988. Cosmocephalus obvelatus (Creplin 1825) (Nematoda: Acuariidae) collected from esophagus of rockhopper penguin, Eudyptes crestatus. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research 36:73-77. Barus, V., and G. Majudmar. 1975. Scanning microscopic studies on the cordon structures of Acuariid genera (Nematoda: Acuariidae). Folia Parasitologica 22:125-131. Boero, J. J., and J. E. Led. 1970. El parasitismo de La Fauna Autoctona. VI. Los parasites de la avifauna argentina I. Actas de las 5a Jornadas de Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata: 65-71. Borgsteede, F. H. M., and J. Jansen. 1980. Spirurata in wild birds in The Netherlands. Tropical and Geographic Medicine 32:91-92. Bowie, J. Y. 1981. Redescription of Cosmocephalus tanakai Rodriguez and Vicente (Nematoda-Acuariidae) a parasite of the southern black-backed gull in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 8:249-253. Courtney, C. H., and D. J. Forrester. 1974. Helminth parasites of the brown pelican in Florida and Louisiana. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 41:89-93. Cram, E. B. 1927. Bird parasites of the suborders Strongylata, Ascaridata and Spirurata. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 140:1-465. Etchegoin, J. A., F. Cremonte, and G. T. Navone. 2000. Synhimantus (Synhimantus) laticeps (Rudolphi, 1819) Railliet, Henry et Sisoff, 1912 (Nematoda, Acuariidae) parasitic in Tyto alba Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington
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Volume 68 July 2001 Number 2 Former
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Comp. Parasitol. 68(2), 2001, pp. 1
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CRISCIONE AND FONT—DEVELOPMENT OF
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length did not exceed 1.2 mm. By da
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Agamidae) from Australia. Journal o
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infection with O. javaensis (C. D.
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CRISCIONE AND FONT—VARIATION OF O
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CRISCIONE AND FONT—VARIATION OF O
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and Font, 2001), the indication of
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U.S.A. (42°59'N; 88°21'W). Ten to
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Table 2. Prevalence (Pr) and Rana c
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transmission dynamics of these 3 tr
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196 in G. W. Esch, A. O. Bush, and
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filariae of S. fallisensis was simi
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CARRENO ET AL.—DEER PARASITES IN
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ange of host species, but most coll
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Oestridae). Canadian Journal of Zoo
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JOY AND TUCKER—SALAMANDER PARASIT
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south-central New York salamanders.
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AGUIRRE-MACEDO ET AL.—ENDOHELMINT
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Table 1. Helminths found in freshwa
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•o d c o U rH CB 3 C8 H °Q 0 W T
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da-Lopez et al., 1985; Leon, 1992;
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especie del genero Goezici Zeder, 1
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JALISCO SALGADO-MALDONADO ET AL.—
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SALGADO-MALDONADO ET AL.—HELMINTH
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Table 3. Continued. Number of hosts
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tudio helmintologico de Chirostoma
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CURRAN ET AL.—TWO VIETNAMESE SNAK
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methods of fixation had not been kn
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tion) but were in independent later
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tylidae Poche: Part 2. A contributi
Page 83 and 84: KUZMIN ET AL.—RHABDIAS AMBYSTOMAE
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Page 89 and 90: Literature Cited Baker, M. R. 1978.
Page 91 and 92: Figure 1. Spores of Myxobolus gibbo
Page 93 and 94: CONE—DIAGNOSIS OF MYXOBOLUS 239 F
Page 95 and 96: Literature Cited Cone, D. K., and R
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Page 103 and 104: Comp. Parasitol. 68(2), 2001, pp. 2
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Page 111 and 112: RESEARCH NOTES 257 Table 1. Mean wo
Page 113 and 114: , D. Iglesias, and B. Fried. 1986.
Page 115 and 116: most being found in segment 4 (jeju
Page 117 and 118: RESEARCH NOTES 263 Table 1. Helmint
Page 121 and 122: RESEARCH NOTES 267 Table 1. Numbers
Page 123 and 124: Kharchenko, V. A., G. M. Dvojnos, a
Page 125 and 126: id s „ ~ 55 **5 | «§ u ' *^ U
Page 127 and 128: (Nematoda). Except for H. tursionis
Page 129 and 130: RESEARCH NOTES 275 Figure 1. Cephal
Page 133: c Tj ;^ fn in ON o m ON "3 s ON gcd
Page 139 and 140: Nieto reviewed recent advances in t
Page 141 and 142: Adenomera hylaedactyla, 21 Algansea
Page 143 and 144: Honorary Membership, 282 Life Membe
Page 145 and 146: Schrankiana larvata, 21 Schrankiana
Page 147 and 148: *Edna M. Buhrer "Mildred A. Doss *
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