Comparative Parasitology 68(2) 2001 - Peru State College

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Comp. Parasitol. 68(2), 2001, pp. 196-203 Helminth Parasites of Freshwater Fishes of the Balsas River Drainage Basin of Southwestern Mexico GUILLERMO SALGADO-MALDONADO,1'4 GUILLERMINA CABANAS-CARRANZA,1 JUAN M. CASPETA-MANDUJANO,2 EDUARDO SoTO-GALERA,3 ELIZABETH MAYEN-PENA,' DAVID BRAILOVSKY,' AND RAFAEL BAEZ-VALE' 1 Institute de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 70-153, CP 04510, Mexico (e-mail: gsalgado@mail.ibiologia.unam.mx), 2 Centre de Investigaciones Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, CP 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, and 3 Laboratorio de Ictiologfa y Limnologia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Institute Politecnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Santo Tomas, Mexico, D.F., Mexico ABSTRACT: This study presents the results of the first survey of the helminth parasites in fishes in the Balsas River drainage, southwestern Mexico. A total of 25 species of helminth parasites in 13 freshwater fish species (n = 1,045) was collected between December 1995 and September 1998. The most prevalent and widespread helminth species was the Asian tapeworm Bothriocephalus acheilognathi. Two features characterize the helminth fauna of the Balsas River basin fishes: (1) a predominance of nematode and trematode species coupled with a scarcity of monogeneans and acanthocephalans; and (2) all helminths found had previously been reported from other regions of Mexico; therefore the composition of the helminth fauna of the fishes of the Balsas River drainage is not very distinct from that of fishes from other previously studied freshwater basins in Mexico. KEY WORDS: Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, freshwater fish, Balsas River, southwestern Mexico, survey. The Balsas River basin is the largest river drainage in southwestern Mexico. The Balsas River has its source at about 3,660 m altitude in the Sierra Madre del Sur. It flows generally eastwest through the states of Tlaxcala, Puebla, Guerrero, and Michoacan and receives several major inflows from the states of Oaxaca, Mexico, Morelos, and Jalisco before emptying into the Pacific Ocean. This river has a fish fauna composed of 37 species of 26 genera in 10 families. In addition to native fishes, exotic species such as Asian cyprinids (carps) and African cichlids (tilapias) have been introduced into many areas. Little information exists about the occurrence of helminth parasites of fishes from the Balsas River (Osorio-Sarabia, 1982, 1984; Salgado- Maldonado et al., 1998; Caspeta-Mandujano and Moravec, 2000; Caspeta-Mandujano et al., 2000; Moravec, 2000; Moravec et al., 2000), and the present report is the first survey of the helminth parasites of fishes of this drainage system. The aim of this work is to report the survey results, and the distribution and intensity data for these helminth parasites. Corresponding author. 196 Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington Materials and Methods A total of 1,045 fish was collected from 28 sites, mostly rivers, in the Balsas River basin between December 1995 and September 1998 (Table 1, Fig. 1). Fish at each site were captured by electrofishing or by gill nets. Live fish were brought to the laboratory and examined within 48 hr after capture using standard procedures. The following fishes were examined (* indicates species endemic to the Balsas River basin): Cyprinidae—*Hybopis boucardi (Giinther, 1868) (Balsas shiner, n= 111); Characidae—Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) (Mexican tetra, n = 166); Ictaluridae—*Ictalurus balsanus (Jordan and Snyder, 1899) (Balsas catfish, n = 1); Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818) (channel catfish, n = 2); Goodeidae—Goodca atripinnis Jordan, 1880 (blackfin goodea, n = 6); *Ilyodon whitei (Meek, 1904) (Balsas splitfin, n = 59); Poeciliidae—Heterandria bimaculatiis (Heckel, 1848) (spottail killifish, n = 88), Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1860 (guppy, n — 20), Poecilia sphenops Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1846 (Mexican molly, n = 261), Poeciliopsis gracilis (Heckel, 1848) (porthole livebearer, n = 156), Poeciliopsis infans (Woolman, 1894) (Lerma livebearer, n = 20); Cichlidae—*Cichlasoma istlanum (Jordan and Snyder, 1899) (redside cichlid, n = 32), Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (Giinther, 1867) (convict cichlid, n = 123). Fish sample sizes per site are given in Table 1. All helminths recovered from each fish were counted. Digeneans (adults and metacercariae), cestodes, and nematodes were fixed in hot 10% neutral formalin. Acanthocephalans were placed in distilled water and refrigerated overnight (6-12 hr) to evert the proboscis,
Table 1. Helminths found in freshwater fishes from the Balsas River basin, Mexico. ^Locality (no total no. of helm Species Site Hosts Monogenea Gyrodactylus sp. Gills P. gracilis PL (2/18; 7; 0.4 ± 1.1 [3-4]) P. infans VJ (1/20; 1) A.fasciatus PL (3/13; 12; 0.9 ± 1.8 [3-5]), [1-2]), PT (5/10; 30; 3.0 ± 3 Urocleidoides cf. costaricensis (Price Gills and Bussing, 1967) Kritsky and Leiby, 1972 /. whitei CH (1/22; 3) P. sphenops AR (1/7; 1), CH (2/43; 2; 0.05 P. gracilis AR (9/11; 17; 1.5 ± 1.1 [1-4]) A. fasciatus CU (1/11; 1) P. reticulata AC (3/20; 3; 0.2 ± 0.4 [1-1]) P. sphenops HA (2/15; 16; 1.1 ± 3.9 [1-15] H. boucardi JU (1/8; 1), IX (5/10; 18; 1.8 ± Trematoda Saccocoelioides sogandaresi Lums- Intestine den, 1961 Magnivitellinum simplex Kloss, 1966 Intestine Diplostomum cf. compaction (Lutz, Eyes, brain, body cavity 1928) Posthodiplostomum minimum Muscle, liver, eyes, (MacCallum, 1921) mesentery, body cavity G. atripinnis JU (6/6; 801; 134.0 ± 37.5 [83 H. bimacidata HJ (1/25; 1) P. sphenops HA (5/15; 39; 2.6 ± 6.0 [1-22] 1), AM (1/16; 1); OT (1/2; 1 P. infans VJ (19/20; 307; 15.4 ± 14.3 [3 C. istlanum AM (1/4; 2) C. nigrofasciatum CO (5/44; 5; 0.1 ± 0.3 [1-1]), AM (8/20; 25; 1.2 ± 2.3 [1-9]) H. boucardi CU (5/14; 10; 0.7 ± 1.3 [1-4]) A.fasciatus PL (1/13; 1), HJ (1/5; 1) P. sphenops CO (1/10; 1), HJ (10/40; 14; 0. P. gracilis PL (1/18; 2), HJ (2/3; 3; 1.0 ± C. istlanum AM (3/4; 157; 39.2 ± 53.3 [16 C. nigrofasciatum CH (17/22; 125; 5.7 ± 5.7 [1-2 16.6 ± 13.1 [1-55]), AM (18 A. fasciatus AM (4/26; 5; 0.2 ± 0.5 [1-2]) Uvulifer sp. Skin, fins A. fasciatus AM (2/26; 5; 0.2 ± 0.7 [2-3]) /. whitei CH (18/22; 1926; 87.5 ± 97.4 P. sphenops CH (6/43; 28; 0.6 ± 2.3 [1-13] P. gracilis CH (3/15; 4: 0.3 ± 0.6 [1-2]), C. nigrofasciatum CH (2/22; 2; 0.1 ± 0.3 [1-1]), Clinostomum complanatum (Rudol- Fins, opercula, body phi, 1814) cavity Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, Gills 1924) Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington
Page 1 and 2: Volume 68 July 2001 Number 2 Former
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Page 5 and 6: CRISCIONE AND FONT—DEVELOPMENT OF
Page 7 and 8: length did not exceed 1.2 mm. By da
Page 9 and 10: Agamidae) from Australia. Journal o
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Page 35 and 36: ange of host species, but most coll
Page 37 and 38: Oestridae). Canadian Journal of Zoo
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Page 43 and 44: south-central New York salamanders.
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Page 63 and 64: Table 3. Continued. Number of hosts
Page 71 and 72: tudio helmintologico de Chirostoma
Page 75 and 76: CURRAN ET AL.—TWO VIETNAMESE SNAK
Page 77 and 78: methods of fixation had not been kn
Page 79 and 80: tion) but were in independent later
Page 81 and 82: tylidae Poche: Part 2. A contributi
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Page 89 and 90: Literature Cited Baker, M. R. 1978.
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GIBLIN-DAVIS ET AL.—CUTICULAR CHA
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Comp. Parasitol. 68(2), 2001, pp. 2
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PAOLA AND DAMBORENEA—TEGUMENT OF
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RESEARCH NOTES 257 Table 1. Mean wo
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, D. Iglesias, and B. Fried. 1986.
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most being found in segment 4 (jeju
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RESEARCH NOTES 263 Table 1. Helmint
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RESEARCH NOTES 267 Table 1. Numbers
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Kharchenko, V. A., G. M. Dvojnos, a
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id s „ ~ 55 **5 | «§ u ' *^ U
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(Nematoda). Except for H. tursionis
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RESEARCH NOTES 275 Figure 1. Cephal
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c Tj ;^ fn in ON o m ON "3 s ON gcd
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ticeps (Rudolphi, 1819), which also
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Nieto reviewed recent advances in t
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Adenomera hylaedactyla, 21 Algansea
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Honorary Membership, 282 Life Membe
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Schrankiana larvata, 21 Schrankiana
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*Edna M. Buhrer "Mildred A. Doss *
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