Natural Enemies of True Fruit Flies (Tephritidae) - USDA - aphis

Parasite/Predator Augmentation by Species—Target Pest (continued)- TABLE 3
Species
Bactrocera dorsalis Diachasmimorpha
longicaudata
PARASITE/
PREDATOR RELEASE RATES RESULTS
Diachasmimorpha
tryoni
1,694 o+ 212 o-> in 6
hectare guava grove in
1988 at the rate of 1-5
times each month and
25-90 o+ , 5-10 o->
each realease
22,578 puparia in a
100x140 meter open
field or guava orchard
by realease platforms
10,700 puparia in a
100x140 meter open
field or guava orchard
by release platforms
Bactrocera oleae Opius concolor Approx. 300-400 adult
parasites per tree.
Lower number = higher
parasitism in upper
reaches of tree. Higher
number = overall
parasitism throughout.
Limited to target trees
in middle of mature
olive groves. Totals of
2,500 and 4,000 O.
concolor and 5,000 O.
var. siculus released.
Opius concolor var.
siculus
In Spain, 600 parasites
per tree from August to
October.
Jeffrey N. L. Stibick
Augmentation of Parasites/Predators - TABLE 3
Target populations down by 6 to 7%
(Yao, 1989)
Not Stated (Messing, et al.,1993)
Not Stated (Messing, et al.,1993)
Parasitism rate of 3rd stage larvae
over 30%. Parasites can locate fly
larvae efficiently on tre (Kapatos, et
al., 1977)
Flies decreased from 6.3 to 0.9 per
trap (Gingrich, 1993, citing pers.
com.)
02/2004-01 Natural Enemies of True Fruit Flies 3-67
PPQ