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linguistic groups . The people who occupiedthe land prior to European inausi on must, however, have communicated because they interacted and traded with each other . Whether in blatan t or subtle ways, ideas that elevated the European 's worldview at the expense of the non-European permeated colonialist texts. The colonized were mis- or re-presented as the antithesis of civilized Europe. the inferio r 'other' with all its connotations of savagery. In his essay . "Manichean Allegory: The Function of Racial Difference in Colonialist Literature," Abdu1 1anMohamed asserts that the English texts were used to justify imperial control and the exploitation of the colony's resources: [f such literature can demonstrate that the barbarism of the native is irrevocable. or at least very deeply ingrained. then the European 's attempt to civilize him can continue indefinitely . the exploitation of his resources can proceed without hinderance. and the European can persist in enjoying .a position of moral superiority (62). This wasthe process of colonizing the mental universe of the natives while reinforcing the supremacy of the European. In his essay on "victorians and Africans: The Genealogyof me Myth.of the Dark:Continent,.. Patrick Brantlinger analyzes several texts to delineate the development and establishmen t of the myth that Africa is the dark:continent. He bases his discussion on the theory of discourse"as strategies of power and subjection. inclusion and exclusion, the voiced and silenced" (166). Brantlinger argues that the imperiali st ideology produced the Dark Continent myth. which wasdeveloped and maintainedduring the slave trade and the partitioning of Africa; 13
As pan of a larger discourse about empire , it [the myth} was shaped by political and economic pressures and also by a psychology of blaming the victi m through which Europeans projected many of their own darkest impulses onto Africans. The product of me transition - or transvaluation - from abolitionism to imperialism, the myth of the Dark Continent defined slavery as the offspring of tribal savagery and portrayed white explorers and missionaries as the leaders of a christian crusade that would vanquis h the forces of darkness .•_. When the tain t of slavery fused with sensational reports about cannibalism, witc hcraft. and apparently shameless sexual customs , Victorian Africa emerg ed drapedin that pall of darkness that the Victorians themselves accepted as reality (198). The association of Africa with darkness is eviden t in numero us colonialist texts which were wide ly circulated in Europe and in the colonies . Postco lonial theory challenges this white mythology that has beenaccepted as a universal reality. Like Cugoano , a number of the African intellectuals in the twentieth century resisted the eurocentric discourse of domination. The West Indian poet, Aime Cesaire, coined the word Negritude but Africans . like Uopold Sedar Senghor and Amilcar Cabral, played major roles in the NegrillJdemovement by writing essays and poe try emphasizing their iden tity. The philosophy of NegriCUth.developed by colonized francopbone Africans, emptlasized the recognition of the culture and dignity of the African in an effort to gain social and political liberation from colonization. In An lmroauaton to War African Lueranee , Oladele Taiwo cites Leopold Senghor's speech at the founding of the Negritude movement They (the colonizers ] esteemed that we (the colonized] had neither invented, nor created , nor written , nor sculptured, nor paintednor sung anything . To set our own and effective revolution , we had first to put o ff our borrowed dresses , those of assimilation and affirm our being, 14
Page 5: 51. 101m'S RImlINKING GREEK TRAGEDY
Page 8: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to th
Page 11: and Caribbean descen t, remain ed a
Page 14 and 15: CHAPTER 1 • INTRODUCTION Postc ol
Page 16 and 17: Postcolonial theory comprises the d
Page 18: colonial process . 3 The use of the
Page 21 and 22: Even mough postcolonial theory inte
Page 23 and 24: wickedness, that the very idea of i
Page 28 and 29: that is our nig1'i1utU •...• Fo
Page 32 and 33: Africans in Ivory Coast have beenqu
Page 34: how me West dealt with the Orien t
Page 39 and 40: presence show s. aim relentlessly t
Page 41 and 42: women by the natives. In "Caliban A
Page 43: privileged the aite above those wit
Page 50: CHAPfERl 11re Gods An Nol To BI4mr.
Page 53: hindered communication with the dif
Page 57 and 58: Banhamcites the production notes an
Page 59 and 60: he founded the on Olokun theatre gr
Page 61: In the legend, against the advice o
Page 64: also happens to be the household se
Page 67: human features and interact with me
Page 71: From the moment a child is conceive
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Having heard about their predicamen
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older brother rightfull y occupies
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two daughters are introduced on sta
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from whi ch the noun is derived is
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tragic flaw, his sin of hubris . br
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occur does leave room for the possi
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accepting it; the gods themselves c
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doing : you bl ed down andreceive i
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of the Townspeople: [The] old. and
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De-lfe to inquire of the gods the r
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his household. Rotimi has a dual pu
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the place where three footpaths mee
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off against the old myths, the supe
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on Odewale that he should kill his
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in the first place••..(foreign
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communication is limited to only th
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entity under the colonial system. I
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the illusion that all would be well
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Letterario Internarionale Mondello
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imaginatively recreates the plot an
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in his thigh and sewed it up so tha
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In the prologue of Euripides ' lJac
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trim not only lhe bi- sexual nature
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forged fro m the ore of mountain-wo
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I find myself very much preoccupied
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of the old household slave who is t
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conflict betweenthe oppressed and t
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continues. transformed beyond the p
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into the realm of communal ritual .
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and drinks from the wine that spurt
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From orgas mic moans the surrogate
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"those gods . who yearly mus t be r
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By making the audience or a membero
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minute of his speech, he utters the
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which he turned water in to wine at
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itual . As Tiresias says, Dionysos
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172 44. Herodotus . History o/the G
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African mythological worldview on t
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Booth, James. "Human Sacrifice in L
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