User's guide of Proceessing Modflow 5.0

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244 Processing Modflow 150 100 50 0 -50 100 50 0 -50 areal recharge = 0.004 ft/d well well well Conceptual Model Upper aquifer Confining unit Lower aquifer 6.2.3 Simulation of a Two-Layer Aquifer System Cross-sectional model configuration Layer 1 Hydraulic conductivity = 10 feet per day Confining unit Vertical Leakance = 0.001 per day Layer 2 Transmissivity = 500 feet sequared per day Plan View Potentiometric surface Cell dimensions = 500 feet by 500 feet River River cells Fig. 6.21 Configuration of the hypothetical model (after McDonald et al., 1991).
Processing Modflow 245 Two steady-state solutions were obtained to simulate natural conditions and pumping conditions. The steady-state solutions were obtained through a single simulation consisting of two stress periods. The first stress period simulates natural conditions and the second period 3 3 simulates the addition of pumping wells with extraction rates of 30000 ft /d (. 850 m /d). The simulation is declared to be steady state, so no storage values are specified and each stress period requires only a single time step to produce a steady-state result. The PCG2 Package is used to solve the flow equations for the simulations. Determination of the wetting threshold THRESH (see Modflow < Wetting Capability...) often requires considerable effort. The user may have to make multiple test runs trying different values in different areas of the model. On the right side of the model, THRESH is negative in order to cause a cell to become wet only when the head in the layer below exceeds the wetting threshold. This was done to avoid incorrectly converting dry cells to wet because of the large head differences between adjacent horizontal cells. For example, the simulation of natural conditions (stress period 1) shows cells in column 14 of layer 1 being dry, which is reasonable based on the head below these cells. That is, the head in column 14 of layer 2 is over 20 feet below the bottom of layer 1. However, the head in column 13 of layer 1 is 21 feet above the bottom of the aquifer, which means that, if the head in adjacent horizontal cells is allowed to wet cells, column 14 would convert to wet. Thus, it is not readily apparent whether column 14 should be wet or dry. The trial simulations showed that, when horizontal wetting is allowed, column 14 repeatedly oscillates between wet and dry, indicating that column 14 should be dry. If horizontal wetting is used, oscillation between wet and dry can be prevented by raising the wetting threshold, but this also can prevent some cells that should be partly saturated from converting to wet. On the left side of the model, horizontal head changes between adjacent cells generally are small, so head in the neighboring horizontal cells is a good indicator of whether or not a dry cell should become wet. Therefore, positive values of the wetting threshold THRESH are used in most of this area to allow wetting to occur either from the cell below or from horizontally adjacent cells. Near the well, the horizontal head gradients under pumping conditions also are relatively large; consequently, a negative THRESH was used at the cells above the well. This prevents these cells from incorrectly becoming wet. It is also possible to use a larger positive wetting threshold to prevent these cells from incorrectly becoming wet. 6.2.3 Simulation of a Two-Layer Aquifer System
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Processing Modflow A Simulation Sys
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3.6.6 UCODE (Inverse Modeling) . ..
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Preface Welcome to Processing Modfl
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Processing Modflow 1 1. Introductio
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Processing Modflow 3 the three-dime
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Processing Modflow 5 Online Help Th
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Processing Modflow 7 capture zone o
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Processing Modflow 9 The first and
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Processing Modflow 11 Now, you must
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Processing Modflow 13 2. Repeat the
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Processing Modflow 15 2. Choose Lea
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Processing Modflow 17 simulation is
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Processing Modflow 19 steps 3 to 5
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Processing Modflow 21 Table 2.4 Out
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Processing Modflow 23 results and u
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Processing Modflow 25 Fig. 2.12 The
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Processing Modflow 27 fields in the
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Processing Modflow 31 2.2 Simulatio
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Processing Modflow 33 2. Click OK t
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Processing Modflow 37 Fig. 2.27 Sim
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Processing Modflow 39 < To assign t
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Processing Modflow 43 Fig. 2.35 Con
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Processing Modflow 47 Note that PMW
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Processing Modflow 49 the model dat
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Processing Modflow 51 PMWIN will cr
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Processing Modflow 53 Table 3.1 An
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Processing Modflow 55 data and clic
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Processing Modflow 61 3.2.2 The Zon
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Processing Modflow 67 - Print: Prin
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Processing Modflow 69 principal axe
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Processing Modflow 71 Calculated, P
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Processing Modflow 73 3.5 The Param
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Processing Modflow 75 steady state
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Processing Modflow 77 Vertical Hydr
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Processing Modflow 79 3.6 The Model
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Processing Modflow 81 RET ' RETM h>
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Processing Modflow 83 boundaries be
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Processing Modflow 85 For a confine
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Processing Modflow 87 1. Recharge i
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Processing Modflow 89 Leakage betwe
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Processing Modflow 91 For the case
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Processing Modflow 93 < Parameter N
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Processing Modflow 95 MODFLOW < Tim
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Processing Modflow 97 MODFLOW < Wet
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Processing Modflow 99 well cell etc
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Processing Modflow 101 MODFLOW < So
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Processing Modflow 103 < Max. band
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Processing Modflow 105 < Allowed It
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Processing Modflow 107 MODFLOW < Ru
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Processing Modflow 109 Table 3.4 Ve
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Processing Modflow 111 MOC3D < Init
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Processing Modflow 113 MOC3D < Disp
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Processing Modflow 115 MOC3D < Stro
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Processing Modflow 117 Table 3.6 Na
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Processing Modflow 119 Fig. 3.40 Th
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Processing Modflow 121 higher numbe
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Processing Modflow 123 )t # Fixed p
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Processing Modflow 125 MT3D < Chemi
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Processing Modflow 127 beginning of
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Processing Modflow 129 < Misc.: - C
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Processing Modflow 131 3.6.4 MT3DMS
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Processing Modflow 133 < Weighting
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Processing Modflow 135 is infinite
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Processing Modflow 137 (ITER1): The
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Processing Modflow 139 3.6.5 PEST (
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Processing Modflow 141 define the e
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Processing Modflow 143 while s and
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Processing Modflow 145 - DERINCMUL:
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Processing Modflow 147 where N is t
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Processing Modflow 149 course of an
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Processing Modflow 151 PEST (Invers
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Processing Modflow 153 3.6.6 UCODE
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Processing Modflow 155 To define a
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Processing Modflow 157 < Options -
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Processing Modflow 159 Fig. 3.57 Th
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Processing Modflow 161 < To load an
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Processing Modflow 163 Use the Sear
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Processing Modflow 165 < Appearance
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Processing Modflow 167 - Ignore ina
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Processing Modflow 169 Maps... Fig.
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Processing Modflow 171 < Raster Gra
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Processing Modflow 173 4. The Advec
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Processing Modflow 175 where z 3 -1
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Processing Modflow 177 all velocity
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Processing Modflow 179 the cell ind
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Processing Modflow 181 Tool bar The
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Processing Modflow 183 The retardat
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Processing Modflow 185 small. Click
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Processing Modflow 187 < Contours:
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Processing Modflow 189 Particle Tra
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Processing Modflow 191 < Pathline C
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Page 217 and 218: Processing Modflow 211 6. Examples
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Processing Modflow 295 6.7 Miscella
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Processing Modflow 299 6.7.2 An Exa
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Processing Modflow 301 7. Appendice
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Processing Modflow 303 COLOR is the
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Processing Modflow 305 The unit of
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Processing Modflow 307 Appendix 3:
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Processing Modflow 309 PEST Instruc
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Processing Modflow 311 YLZ ZONE Spe
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Processing Modflow 313 STC CBC Stre
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Processing Modflow 315 961...990 ZO
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Processing Modflow 317 Table 7.2 IU
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Processing Modflow 319 8. Reference
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Processing Modflow 321 Franke, R. (
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Processing Modflow 323 Leake, S.A.
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Processing Modflow 325 Shepard, D.,
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User's guide of Proceessing Modflow 5.0

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