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Systematic Review - Network for Business Sustainability

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appendix 4: models of sustainability-oriented innovation<br />

After Kolk and Mauser (2002)<br />

STUDY MODEL<br />

Hunt and Auster (1990)* • Beginner<br />

• Firefighter<br />

• Concerned citizen<br />

Roome (1992)* • Non-compliance<br />

• Compliance<br />

• Compliance-plus<br />

Elkington (1994)* • Ignorance<br />

• Awakening<br />

• Denial<br />

• Guilt reduction/displacement<br />

behaviour/tokenism<br />

Shrivastava and Hart<br />

(1995)*<br />

• Band aid<br />

• More serious<br />

(Hart, 1997) • Pollution prevention<br />

• Product stewardship<br />

Winn and Angell (2000)* • Deliberate reactive greening<br />

• Unrealized greening<br />

Low et al. (2001) • Incremental improvements<br />

• Redesign of existing product concepts<br />

Keijzers (2002) • Sanitize<br />

• Control<br />

Dunphy et al. (2003) 23 • Rejection<br />

• Non-responsiveness<br />

• Compliance<br />

Alakeson and Sherwin<br />

(2004)<br />

Tukker and Tischner<br />

(2006)<br />

• Single issue approach<br />

• Ad hoc approach<br />

• System optimization<br />

• System re-design<br />

Blake (2006) • Protector<br />

• Builder<br />

23 As reported in Holton, Glass, & Price, 2010.<br />

• Pragmatist<br />

• Pro-activist<br />

• Commercial and environmental<br />

excellence<br />

• Leading edge<br />

• Conversion<br />

• Integration<br />

• Deep change<br />

• Clean technology<br />

• Emergent active greening<br />

• Deliberate proactive greening<br />

• Alternative fulfilment of function<br />

• Designs completely fitting in the<br />

sustainable society<br />

• Integrate<br />

• Efficiency<br />

• Strategic proactivity<br />

• The sustaining corporation<br />

• <strong>Sustainability</strong> tools<br />

• Strategic integration<br />

• System innovation<br />

• Innovator<br />

Innovating <strong>for</strong> <strong>Sustainability</strong> 90

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