190 Appendix B. Coverage <strong>of</strong> EuroWordNet base concepts Table B.1 – continued from previous page WordNet synset <strong>Onto</strong>.<strong>PT</strong> synset commodity.1, goods.1 • articles <strong>of</strong> commerce artigo, mercadoria, mercancia, veniaga, merce, marçaria, mercer construction.4, structure.1 obra, estrutura, construção, edificação, edifício, fábrica, prédio, erecção, • a thing constructed; a complex construction or entity edificamento consumer goods.1 • goods (as food or clothing) intended for direct use or consumption N/A covering.4 • an artifact that protects or shelters or conceals coberta, protecção, cobertura, fronha, toldo, velame, tolda, ensombro creation.3 • something that has been brought into existence by someone obra, produção, criação, descoberta, invenção, invento decoration.2, ornament.1 adornamento, enfeite, decoração, ataviamento, ornamentação, aformosea- • something used to beautify mento, adereçamento, enfeitamento, decoramento, aformosentamento, ornatos device.2 material, máquina, instrumento, aparelho, maquinismo, utensílio, apetre- • an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose cho, equipamento, amanho, apresto, aparelhamento, apeiro, alfaias, arreios, estromento, utênsil, aprestos, apetrechos, petrechos, telefone, documento, avião, acta, munições document.2, papers.1, written document.1 patente, escrito, carta, título, documento, diploma, canudo, pretexo, • writing providing information; esp. <strong>of</strong> an <strong>of</strong>ficial nature quirógrafo dry land.1, earth.3, ground.7, land.6, solid ground.1, terra firma.1 • <strong>the</strong> solid part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Earth’s surface terra, solo, chão, país, território, campina, poeira entity.1 • something having concrete existence; living or nonliving existência, existencia, ente, ser, realidade, sêr extremity.3 • <strong>the</strong> outermost or far<strong>the</strong>st region or point extremo, extremidade, ponta flora.1, plant.1, plant life.1 • a living organism lacking <strong>the</strong> power <strong>of</strong> locomotion vegetal, planta, pranta, plantas, mapa, melancieira, caruru, cameleira fluid.2 • a substance that is fluid at room temperature and pressure fluido food.1, nutrient.1 alimentação, sustento, mantença, mantimento, alimento, comida, nutrição, • any substance that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue paparoca, nutrimento, buxa, pábulo, sustentação furnishings.2 • <strong>the</strong> furniture and appliances and o<strong>the</strong>r movable accessories (including curtains and rugs) that make a home (or o<strong>the</strong>r building) livable mobiliário, mobília, arreamento, adereços garment.1 • an article <strong>of</strong> clothing hábito, vestuário, veste, vestimenta, vestidura group.1, grouping.1 • any number <strong>of</strong> entities (members) considered as a unit aglomerado, grupo, colônia, coleção, agrupamento, morganho human.1, individual.1, mortal.1, person.1, someone.1, soul.1 • a human being mortal, homem, humanidade, ser humano inanimate object.1, object.1, physical object.1 • a nonliving entity objecto, coisa, ente instrument.2 • a device that requires skill for proper use ferramenta, instrumento, documento, utensílio, ferramental, apetrecho instrumentality.1, instrumentation.2 • an artifact (or system <strong>of</strong> artifacts) that is instrumental in accomplishing some end orquestração, instrumentação language unit.1, linguistic unit.1 • one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> natural units into which linguistic messages can be analyzed termo, têrmo, expressão, vocábulo line.21 • a spatial location defined by a real or imaginary unidimensional extent directriz, linha, coordenada, diretriz, diretiva, plica, lĩa, online line.26 extremo, traçado, r<strong>of</strong>o, alinhamento, risco, linha, traçamento, raia, traço, • a length (straight or curved) without breadth or thick- rasgo, risca, assomo, estria, arraia, riscadura, riscamento, feições, espelde, ness; <strong>the</strong> trace <strong>of</strong> a moving point serradura, sulco liquid.4 • a substance that is liquid at room temperature and pressure N/A location.1 • a point or extent in space local, lado, lugar, sítio, situação, localidade, básis material.5, stuff.7 matéria, corporalidade, materialidade, bruteza, fisicalidade, prosaísmo, cor- • <strong>the</strong> tangible substance that goes into <strong>the</strong> makeup <strong>of</strong> a physical object; ”coal is a hard black material”; ”wheat is <strong>the</strong> stuff <strong>the</strong>y use to make bread” poreidade, animalização matter.1, substance.1 • that which has mass and occupies space; ”an atom is <strong>the</strong> smallest indivisible unit <strong>of</strong> matter” substância, matéria medium <strong>of</strong> exchange.1, monetary system.1 • anything that is generally accepted as a standard <strong>of</strong> value and a measure <strong>of</strong> wealth in a particular country or region dinheiro, moeda, níquel, toura, numo, dinheiros-secos mixture.5 • a substance consisting <strong>of</strong> two or more substances mixed toge<strong>the</strong>r (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding) misto, mistura, mescla, amálgama, promiscuidade, impurezas, anguzada money.2 pastel, ouro, massa, dinheiro, finanças, verba, quantia, maquia, tutu, guita, • a medium <strong>of</strong> exchange that functions as legal tender pasta, metal, milho, tostão, cobre, arame, grana, cacau, pingo, bagaço, china, bago, pataco, teca, pecúnia, chelpa, boro, pilim, massaroca, roço, jimbo, bagalhoça, baguines, parrolo, marcaureles, bagalho, bilhestres, janda-cruz, cum-quibus, mussuruco, zerzulho, calique, dieiro, pila, matambira, gimbo, cunques, fanfa, maco, jibungo, patacaria, carcanhol, espécie, caroço, pecunia, pecuniária, estilha, gaita, guines, painço natural object.1 • an object occurring naturally; not made by man N/A Continued on next page...
Table B.1 – continued from previous page WordNet synset <strong>Onto</strong>.<strong>PT</strong> synset opening.4 • a vacant or unobstructed space espaço, intervalo, aberta, trecho, interrupção part.3, portion.2 • something less than <strong>the</strong> whole <strong>of</strong> a human artifact parte, peça, pedaço, fragmento, porção part.9, region.2 • <strong>the</strong> extended spatial location <strong>of</strong> something parte, noite, zona part.12, portion.5 parte, divisão, fragmento, porção, quinhão, troço, fracção, secção, parcela, • something determined in relation to something that includes it; ”he kept all <strong>the</strong> parts because he had no idea which part was effective” segmento, seção, retalho, fração, pagela, metâmero, quebrado, artelho passage.6 • a path or channel through or along which someone or something may pass comunicação, acesso, passagem, porta, passadouro, passadoiro piece <strong>of</strong> work.1, work.4 • something produced or accomplished through <strong>the</strong> effort or activity or agency <strong>of</strong> a person or thing obra, trabalho, serviço, feitura, opifício place.13, spot.10, topographic point.1 • a point located with respect to surface features <strong>of</strong> some region ponto, lugar, sítio, altura point.12 • <strong>the</strong> precise location <strong>of</strong> something situação, posição, localização, mansão possession.1 possessão, propriedade, mão, posse, domínio, senhorio, feudo, pertence, es- • anything owned or possessed pecialidade, senhoria product.2, production.2 • an artifact that has been produced by someone or some process obra, produção, produto, fabrico, output representation.3 imagem, descrição, diegese, representação, figuração, retrato, retratação, • a visual or tangible rendering <strong>of</strong> someone or something reprodução, raconto, cópia surface.1 • <strong>the</strong> outer boundary <strong>of</strong> an object or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary exterior, face, superfície surface.4 • <strong>the</strong> extended two-dimensional outer boundary <strong>of</strong> a three-dimensional object N/A symbol.2 • an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance imagem, signo, sinal, símbolo, sino, atributo, alegoria way.4 itinerário, via, caminho, estrada, veia, trajetória, tendência, alfazar, • any road or path affording passage from one place to ano<strong>the</strong>r; ”he said he was looking for <strong>the</strong> way out” norma, viela, tramite word.1 termo, têrmo, signo, palavra, fala, vocábulo, dicção, vocabro, mo, verbo, • a unit <strong>of</strong> language that native speakers can identify sílaba, palabra, lexema, parávoa, parávora worker.2 trabalhador, videiro, obreiro, operário, ganhador, jornaleiro, ganha- • a person who has employment dinheiro, obregão writing.4, written material.1 • reading matter; anything expressed in letters <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> alphabet (especially when considered from <strong>the</strong> point <strong>of</strong> view <strong>of</strong> style and effect) composição, redação, redacção, misto written communication.1, written language.1 comunicado, memorando, comunicação, informação, notícia, nota, men- • communication by means <strong>of</strong> written symbols sagem, anúncio, aviso, informe, participação Table B.2: Mapping between <strong>Onto</strong>.<strong>PT</strong> and WordNet abstract base concepts. WordNet synset <strong>Onto</strong>.<strong>PT</strong> synset (n) ability.2, power.3 • possession <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> qualities (especially mental qualities) required to do something or get something done possibilidade, poder, capacidade, faculdade, habilidade (n) abstraction.1 • a concept formed by extracting common features from examples abstracção, conceptualização, abstraimento (n) act.1, human action.1, human activity.1 feito, obra, ação, ato, acto, realização, acção, auto, atuação, aução, acções, • something that people do or cause to happen inoperação (v) act.12, do something.1, move.19, perform an ac- proceder, funcionar, agir, obrar, operar, trabalhar, actuar, atuar, andar, tion.1, take a step.2, take action.1, take measures.1 • carry out an action; be an agent; carry into effect manobrar, trabucar (v) act toge<strong>the</strong>r.2, act towards o<strong>the</strong>rs.1, interact.1 • act toge<strong>the</strong>r with o<strong>the</strong>rs interagir, interatuar, interactuar (n) action.1 acto, fenómeno, passo, facto, negócio, coisa, cousa, espécie, realidade, • something done (usually as opposed to something said) mistério (n) activity.1 • any specific activity or pursuit atividade, actividade, dinamismo, diligência, expedição, agilidade, prontidão (n) aim.4, bearing.5, heading.2 percurso, caminho, viagem, trajecto, distância, curso, rumo, discurso, • <strong>the</strong> direction or path along which something moves or along which it lies varadouro, trajeto, trajetória, trajectória, correnteza, decorrer, ... (v) allow.6, let 7, permit.5 deixar, conceder, facilitar, facultar, franquear, permitir, ceder, doar, <strong>of</strong>er- • make it possible for something to happen tar, consentir, autorizar, outorgar, possibilitar, viabilizar, ... (v) alter.2, change.12, vary.1 • make or become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one’s or its former characteristics or essence mudar, variar, modificar, alterar, transmutar, transmudar (n) amount <strong>of</strong> time.1, period.3, period <strong>of</strong> time.1 • a length <strong>of</strong> time tempo, período, prazo, timing, dilação (n) attitude.3, mental attitude.1 • a complex mental orientation involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain ways comportamento, atitude, conduta, procedimento, reacção, posicionamento Continued on next page... 191
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PhD Thesis Doctoral Program in Info
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Preface About six years ago, almost
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Resumo Não há grandes dúvidas qu
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Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .
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8.2.1 Semantic Web model . . . . .
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6.1 Illustrative synonymy network.
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6.3 Evaluation against intersection
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Chapter 1 Introduction A substantia
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1.4. Outline of the thesis 7 which
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Chapter 2 Background Knowledge The
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2.1. Lexical Semantics 11 that, in
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28 Chapter 3. Related Work in group
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Chapter 8 Onto.PT: a lexical ontolo
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8.1. Overview 133 items inside a sy
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8.2. Access and Availability 135 no
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