192 Appendix B. Coverage <strong>of</strong> EuroWordNet base concepts Table B.2 – continued from previous page WordNet synset <strong>Onto</strong>.<strong>PT</strong> synset (n) attribute.1 • an abstraction belonging to or characteristic <strong>of</strong> an entity atributo, característica, apanágio, prerogativa, partilha, apanagem (n) attribute.2, dimension.3, property.3 propriedade, caraterística, atributo, qualidade, faculdade, predicado, valor, • a construct whereby objects or individuals can be dis- capacidade, virtude, calibre, carácter, condão, jaez, mérito, génio, caractinguishedterística, pano, prenda, validade, naipe, apanágio, calidade, gênio, ... (v) be 4, have <strong>the</strong> quality <strong>of</strong> being.1 • copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun ser, consistir (v) be 9, occupy a certain area.1, occupy a certain position.1 • be somewhere ser, sêr, haver, estar, existir (v) cause 6, get 9, have 7, induce.2, make.12, stimu- gerar, promover, ocasionar, produzir, importar, determinar, incubar, late.3 causar, provocar, puxar, trazer, dar, desenvolver, suscitar, custar, derivar, • cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner originar, criar, sugerir, procriar, retirar, implicar, render, lucrar, proporcionar, desencadear, surtir, uberar, seer, chamar, lançar, propor, crescer, interessar, transportar, animar, facilitar, atrair, inspirar, arrastar, comandar, motivar, inventar, evocar, captar, pregar, instituir, retornar, chover, acarretar, fomentar, induzir, desferir, infligir, abotoar, avivar, incutir, alevantar, germinar, predispor, infundir, ensejar, carrear, catalisar, engenhar, acarear, carretar, carrar, acarrear, chimpar, carrejar, carretear, agomar, acarrejar, antemover, determinhar, levantar, bracejar, mover, pupular, ser, azar (v) cause.7, do.5, give rise to.1, make.17 • make a big stink gerar, produzir, causar, originar, fabricar (v) cease.3, discontinue.2, give up.12, lay <strong>of</strong>f.2, quit.5, stop.20 • put an end to a state or an activity interromper, cessar, deixar, suspender, parar, paralisar, descontinuar cerebrate.1, cogitate.1, think.4 formular, pensar, meditar, pretender, intentar, projectar, tencionar, pro- • use or exercise <strong>the</strong> mind in order to make a decision jetar, planear, cogitar, intencionar, maquinar, matutar, desejar, apetecer, or arrive at a solution dever, querer (n) change.1 mudança, alteração, modificação, mutação, substituição, vicissitude, vi- • <strong>the</strong> act <strong>of</strong> changing something ragem, reviravolta, reviramento, rectificação, metamorfismo, imutação (v) change.11 transformar, converter, mudar, cambiar, modificar, transfazer, alterar, de- • undergo a change; become different in essence; losing one’s or its original nature sengatilhar, voltar, imutar, elaborar, mexer (v) change magnitude.1, change size.1 • change in size or magnitude N/A (v) change <strong>of</strong> location.1, motion.1, move 4, movement.1 deslocação, deslocamento, movimentação, circulação, locomoção, mobi- • <strong>the</strong> act <strong>of</strong> changing your location from one place to ano<strong>the</strong>r lização, desarticulação, luxação (v) change <strong>of</strong> position.1, motion.2, move.5, movement.2 movimento, animação, movimentação, agitação, moto, vibração, alvoroço, • motion that does not entail a change <strong>of</strong> location efervescência, vida, trepidação (v) change <strong>of</strong> state.1 mudança, troca, transformação, permuta, substituição, transmutação, con- • <strong>the</strong> act <strong>of</strong> changing something into something different in essential characteristics versão, imutação, câmbio, comutação, convertimento, resmuda, comuta (n) character.2, lineament.2, quality 4 natureza, perfil, carácter, compleição, jaez, índole, temperamento, crase, • a characteristic property that defines <strong>the</strong> apparent cariz, carnadura, natura, idiossincrasia, naturaleza, compreição, catástase, individual nature <strong>of</strong> something mescla (n) cognition.1, knowledge.1 • <strong>the</strong> psychological result <strong>of</strong> perception and learning and reasoning estudo, conhecimento, saber, cultura (n) cognitive content.1, content.2, mental object.1 informação, conhecimento, saber, instrução, racionalidade, ciência, sabedo- • <strong>the</strong> sum or range <strong>of</strong> what has been perceived, discovria, erudição, consciencialização, conscientização, gnose, s<strong>of</strong>ia, noção, ered, or learned perícia, sensatez (n) color.2, coloring.2, colour.2, colouring.2 colorido, cor, tom, matiz, pintura, coloração, tonalidade, tinta, pincel, pig- • a visual attribute <strong>of</strong> things that results from <strong>the</strong> light <strong>the</strong>y emit or transmit or reflect mento, color, caiadela, cromia (v) communicate.1, intercommunicate.1, transmit feelings.1, transmit thoughts.1 • transmit thoughts or feelings transmitir, comunicar, participar, noticiar, legar, apegar, vocalizar (n) communication.1 • something that is communicated between people or groups diálogo, convivência, comunicação, conversação, colóquio, contato, convívio (n) concept.1, conception.3 • an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances opinião, ideia, idéia, noção, conceito, concepção (n) condition.5, status.2 estado, caso, situação, circunstância, coisa, condição, posição, modo, • a condition or state at a particular time maneira, disposição, colocação, postura (n) consequence.3, effect 4, outcome.2, result.3, upshot.1 • a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon consectário, resultado, consequência, conclusão, decorrência, derivação (v) consume.2, have 8, ingest.2, take.16 consumir, tomar, chupar, exaurir, exaustar, absorver, ensecar, ingerir, hau- • serve onself to, or consume regularly rir, esvaziar, devorar, beber, gastar, desfalcar, obliterar, maquiar, desfalcoar, dissipar, esgotar, sumir, roubar, absumir (v) convey.1, impart.1 • make known; pass on, <strong>of</strong> information passar, transmitir, comunicar, propagar, contagiar, inocular (n) course 7, trend.3 • general line <strong>of</strong> orientation corrente, decurso, fluxo, duração, curso, correnteza (v) cover.16 • provide with a covering proteger, cobrir, defender, acobertar, encobertar (v) create.2, make.13 gerar, criar, produzir, incubar, causar, provocar, desenvolver, derivar, origi- • cause to be or to become nar, implicar, proporcionar, desencadear, propor, crescer, interessar, transportar, animar, facilitar, atrair, inspirar, arrastar, comandar, motivar, inventar, evocar, captar, pregar, instituir, acarretar, fomentar, induzir, incutir, germinar, infundir, ensejar, carrear, engenhar, surtir, procriar, determinar, suscitar, acarear, carretar, acarrear, render, custar, catalisar, carrejar, carretear, acarrejar, uberar, chamar, lançar, antemover, chimpar, importar, predispor, avivar, carrar, agomar, levantar, alevantar, puxar, determinhar, trazer, dar, ser, azar, mover, promover, ocasionar, sugerir, desferir, infligir, bracejar, retirar, abotoar, retornar, chover, lucrar (v) decrease.5, diminish.1, fall.11, lessen.1 • decrease in size, extent, or range minuir, diminuir, reduzir, encolher, encurtar, acurtar, minguar, decrescer Continued on next page...
Table B.2 – continued from previous page WordNet synset <strong>Onto</strong>.<strong>PT</strong> synset (n) definite quantity.1 • a specific measure <strong>of</strong> amount N/A (n) development.1 desenvolvimento, extensão, ampliação, expandidura, alargamento, incre- • act <strong>of</strong> improving by expanding or enlarging or refining mento, prolongamento, dilatação, crescimento, expansão, prorogação (n) direction 7, way.8 sentido, destino, direcção, via, orientação, caminho, linha, direção, rumo, • a line leading to a place or point roteiro, rota, derrota, senda, coordenada, tramontana, travia, corrume, guião, esteira, método, regra, senso, lado, vieiro (n) disorder.1 agitação, desordem, alvoroço, bulha, distúrbio, revolução, trabuzana, per- • a disturbance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> peace or <strong>of</strong> public order lenga, embrulhada, comoção, perturbação, motim, conturbação, revolta, (n) distance.1 • <strong>the</strong> space between two objects or points tumulto, espalhafato, rebuliço, bernarda, alvoroto, trinta-e-um, desestabilização, borborinho, amotinação, matinada, parlenga, rebúmbio, alevanto, revoldaina, emoção aberto, espaço, distância, abertura, afastamento, separação (v) emit.2, express audibly.1, let loose.1, utter.3 pr<strong>of</strong>erir, largar, emitir, soltar, exalar, desatar, desfechar, rutilar, dar, des- • utter sounds; not necessarily words pedir (n) event.1 situação, acontecimento, evento, vicissitude, possibilidade, lance, acaso, aci- • something that happens at a given place and time dente, eventualidade, peripécia, contingência (v) evince.1, express.6, show.10 parecer, expor, passar, contar, pr<strong>of</strong>erir, manifestar, expressar, exprimir, • give expression to mostrar, palrar, palrear, descortinar, desencobrir, figurar, patentear, expirar, comunicar, respirar, adicar, revelar, vender, divulgar, desembuçar, descerrar, desencerrar, evidenciar, esclarecer, aclarar, desvelar, desvendar, desenterrar, clarear, demostrar, delatar, estiar, deslacrar, desaferrolhar, desembaciar, escogitar, desenfardar, desencovar, ostender, dessoterrar, desencantoar, dessepultar, palear, deseclipsar, empenhar, franquear, patentizar, descobrir, confiar, romper, entregar, perfurar, destapar, desnudar, desencapota, inaugurar, detectar, cicatrizar, cheirar, categorizar, quantiar, desentaipar, esfossilizar (v) experience 7, get.18, have.11, receive 8, undergo.2 ver, viver, experienciar, passar, provar, experimentar, vivenciar, colher, en- • <strong>of</strong> mental or bodily states or experiences saiar, saborear, chincar (v) express.5, give tongue to.1, utter.1 • express verbally articular, dizer, fazer, ler, pronunciar, pr<strong>of</strong>erir, recitar, declamar (n) feeling.1 alma, sentimento, convicção, sentir, desejo, sensação, coração, sensibili- • <strong>the</strong> psychological feature <strong>of</strong> experiencing affective and emotional states dade, pêsames, estesia, estese (n) form.1, shape.1 físico, aspecto, forma, figura, tremenho, perfil, configuração, morfologia, • <strong>the</strong> spatial arrangement <strong>of</strong> something as distinct from construtura, compleição, formato, feição, talhe, feitio, guisa, silhueta, its substance figuração, laia, carácter, hábito, maneira (n) form.6, pattern.5, shape.5 • a perceptual structure exemplo, forma, modelo, norma, molde, gabarito, c<strong>of</strong>ragem, modêlo, fôrma (v) furnish.1, provide.3, render.12, supply.6 fornecer, abastar, suprir, repor, prover, abastecer, munir, guarnecer, rec- • provide or furnish with hear, provisionar, aprovisionar, fornir, municionar, vitualhar, equipar, municiar, contribuir, dotar, sortir, refazer, aperceber (v) get hold <strong>of</strong>.2, take.17 • get into one’s hands, take physically colher, tirar, tomar, retirar, sacar, recolher (v) give.16 dar, transferir, conceder, <strong>of</strong>erecer, atribuir, deitar, devolver, conferir, per- • transfer possession <strong>of</strong> something concrete or abstract mitir, ceder, emprestar, doar, transmitir, imprimir, outorgar, deferir, trib- to somebody utar, arbitrar, dispensar, brindar, presentear, dadivar, depositar, deliberar, adjudicar, creditar, desasir, alvidrar, ... (v) go.14, locomote.1, move.15, travel.4 ver, andar, vêr, cobrir, copular, frequentar, caminhar, transitar, cursar, • change location; move, travel, or proceed visitar, viajar, percorrer, tramitar, peregrinar (n) happening.1, natural event.1, occurrence.1 sucedido, ocorrido, acontecido, facto, ocorrência, sucesso, êxito, acção, • an event that happens acontecimento, evento, efeméride, intercorrência, feiteira, sucedimento, (v) have.12, have got.1, hold.19 • have or possess, ei<strong>the</strong>r in a concrete or an abstract sense sucedo, sucedenho dispor, ter, dominar, possuir, apossuir (n) idea.2, thought.2 entendimento, opinião, ideia, espírito, pensamento, conceito, concepção, • <strong>the</strong> content <strong>of</strong> cognition; <strong>the</strong> main thing you are thinking about aviso, apreciação, juízo, pensar, vêr (n) improvement.1 • <strong>the</strong> act <strong>of</strong> improving something melhoramento, melhoria, bem-feitoria, melhora (v) increase.7 • become bigger or greater in amount desenvolver, medrar, aumentar, incrementar (n) information.1 informação, conhecimento, saber, instrução, noção, racionalidade, sensatez, • knowledge acquired through study or experience ciência, perícia, sabedoria, erudição, consciencialização, conscientização, gnose, s<strong>of</strong>ia (v) kill.5 • cause to die jugular, matar, chacinar, assassinar, massacrar, fuzilar, trucidar (n) know-how.1, knowhow.1 uso, exercício, atividade, prática, experiência, perícia, aprendizado, • <strong>the</strong> knowledge and skill required to do something tirocínio, tarimba (n) locomotion.1, travel.1 deslocação, deslocamento, movimentação, circulação, mobilização, desartic- • self-propelled movement ulação, locomoção, luxação (n) magnitude relation.1 • a relation between magnitudes N/A (n) message.2, content.3, subject matter.1, substance.4 • what a communication that is about something is about fundo, contento, conteúdo, assunto, matéria, teor, texto, pratinho (n) method.2 modo, maneira, sistema, processo, método, fórmula, ordem, conduta, • a way <strong>of</strong> doing something, esp. a systematic one; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps) técnica, procedimento, arrumação, signo (n) motion.5, movement.6 movimento, mudança, deslocação, deslocamento, moção, remoção, • a natural event that involves a change in <strong>the</strong> position or location <strong>of</strong> something translação (v) need.5, require.3, want.5 • have need <strong>of</strong> precisar, falecer, necessitar, carecer (v) need.6 querer, procurar, requerer, precisar, padecer, reclamar, pedir, exigir, neces- • have or feel a need for sitar, carecer, requisitar, demandar (n) path.3, route.2 giro, decurso, itinerário, carreira, passagem, percurso, caminho, viagem, • an established line <strong>of</strong> travel or access trajecto, distância, curso, rumo, derrota, discurso, varadouro, trajeto, (n) phenomenon.1 • any state or process known through <strong>the</strong> senses ra<strong>the</strong>r than by intuition or reasoning currículo, trajetória, trajectória, correnteza, decorrer fenómeno, fenômeno, milagre, maravilha, prodígio, bons-dias Continued on next page... 193
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PhD Thesis Doctoral Program in Info
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Preface About six years ago, almost
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Resumo Não há grandes dúvidas qu
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Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .
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8.2.1 Semantic Web model . . . . .
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6.1 Illustrative synonymy network.
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6.3 Evaluation against intersection
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Chapter 1 Introduction A substantia
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Chapter 2 Background Knowledge The
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2.1. Lexical Semantics 11 that, in
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32 Chapter 3. Related Work knowledg
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Chapter 8 Onto.PT: a lexical ontolo
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8.1. Overview 133 items inside a sy
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8.2. Access and Availability 135 no
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