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Chapter 14/Androgens and Sexual Function 289 102. Dow MGT, Hart DM, Forrest CA. Hormonal treatments of sexual unresponsiveness in post-menopausal women: a comparative study. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1983;90:361–366. 103. Nathorst-Böös J, von Schoultz B, Carlström K. Elective ovarian removal and estrogen replacement therapy—effects on sexual life, psychological well-being and androgen status. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 1993;14:283–293. 104. Brincat M, Magos A, Studd JWW, et al. Subcutaneous hormone implants for the control of climacteric symptoms. Lancet 1984;1:16–18. 105. Burger HG, Hailes J, Menelaus M, et al. The management of persistent menopausal symptoms with oestradiol–testosterone implants: clinical, lipid and hormonal results. Maturitas 1984;6: 351–358. 106. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM, Brender W. Androgen enhances sexual motivation in females: A prospective, crossover study of sex steroid administration in the surgical menopause. Psychosom Med 1985;47(4):339–351. 107. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM. Sex steroids and affect in the surgical menopause: A double-blind, crossover study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1985;10(3):325–335. 108. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM. Differential symptom response to parenteral estrogen and/or androgen administration in the surgical menopause. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985;151(2):153–160. 109. Sherwin BB, Gelfand MM. The role of androgen in the maintenance of sexual functioning in oophorectomized women. Psychosom Med 1987;49:397–409. 110. Sherwin BB. Affective changes with estrogen and androgen replacement therapy in surgically menopausal women. J Affect Disord 1988;14:177–187. 111. Castelo-Branco C, Vincente JJ, Figueras F, et al. Comparative effects of estrogens plus androgens and tibolone on bone, lipid pattern and sexuality in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2000;34:161–168. 112. Shifren JL, Braunstein GD, Simon JA, et al. Transdermal testosterone treatment in women with impaired sexual function after oophorectomy. N Engl J Med 2000;343(10):682–688. 113. Kaplan HS, Owett T. The female androgen deficiency syndrome. J Sex Marital Ther 1993;19(1):3–24. 114. Morales AJ, Nolan JJ, Nelson JC, Yen SSC. Effects of replacement dose of dehydroepiandrosterone in men and women of advancing age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78(6):1360–1367. 115. Arlt, W., Callies, F., van Vlijmen, J.C., Koehler, I., et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in women with adrenal insufficiency. N Engl J Med 1999;341(14):1013–1020. 116. Stuart FM, Hammond DC, Pett MA. Inhibited sexual desire in women. Arch Sex Behav 1987;16(2):91–106. 117. Schreiner-Engel P, Schiavi RC, White D, Ghizzani A. Low sexual desire in women: the role of reproductive hormones. Horm Behav 1989;23:221–234. 118. Riley A, Riley E. Controlled studies on women presenting with sexual drive disorder: I. Endocrine status. J Sex Marital Ther 2000;;26:269–283. 119. Carney A, Bancroft J, Mathews A. Combination of hormonal and psychological treatment for female sexual unresponsiveness: a comparative study. Br J Psychiatry 1978;133:339–346. 120. Mathews A, Whitehead A, Kellett J. Psychological and hormonal factors in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. Psychol Med 1983;13:83–92. 121. Dow MGT, Gallasher J. A controlled study of combined hormonal and psychological treatment for sexual unresponsiveness in women. Br J Clin Psychol 1989;28:201–212. 122. Hulter B, Lundberg PO. Sexual function in women with hypothalamo-pituitary disorders. Arch Sex Behav 1994;23(2):171–183. 123. Bancroft J, Sartorius N. The effects of oral contraceptives on well-being and sexuality. Oxford Rev Reprod Biol 1990;12:57–92. 124. Graham CA, Ramos R, Bancroft J, et al. The effects of steroidal contraceptives on the well-being and sexuality of women: a double blind, placebo-controlled, two centre study of combined and progestogen-only methods. Contraception 1995;52:363–369. 125. Sanders SA, Graham CM, Bass J, Bancroft J. A prospective study of the effects of oral contraceptives on sexuality and well-being and their relationship to discontinuation. Contraception 2001;64:51–58. 126. Bancroft J, Sherwin B, Alexander GM. Oral contraceptives, androgens, and the sexuality of young women. II. The role of androgens. Arch Sex Behav 1991;20(2):121–135. 127. Alexander GM, Sherwin BB, Bancroft J, Davidson DW. Testosterone and sexual behavior in oral contraceptive users and non-users: a prospective study. Horm Behav 1990;24:388–402. 128. Bancroft J, Davidson DW, Warner P, Tyrer G. Androgens and sexual behaviour in women using oral contraceptives. Clin Endocrinol 1980;12:327–340.
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CONTEMPORARY ENDOCRINOLOGY Androgen
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CONTEMPORARY ENDOCRINOLOGY P. Micha
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© 2003 Humana Press Inc. 999 River
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vi Preface We hope Androgens in Hea
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viii Contents 13 Androgens and Body
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x Contributors RICHARD S. LEGRO, MD
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2 Winters and Clark
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4 Winters and Clark chorionic gonad
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6 Winters and Clark LH REGULATION O
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8 Winters and Clark These enzymes a
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10 Winters and Clark -subunit mRNA
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12 Winters and Clark Fig. 3. A sche
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14 Winters and Clark Table 1 Factor
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16 Winters and Clark Table 2 Tissue
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18 Winters and Clark 11. Thomas JL,
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20 Winters and Clark 61. Dufau ML,
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22 Winters and Clark 112. Raivio T,
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24 Brown Fig. 1. Mechanism for andr
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26 Brown increase in intracellular
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28 Brown Fig. 2. Structural and fun
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30 Brown Fig. 3. Amino acid sequenc
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32 Brown tions to shuttle the AR th
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34 Brown Fig. 4. Amino acid primary
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36 Brown part of an inactive chroma
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38 Brown the external genitalia is
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40 Brown tors, as well as the trans
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42 Brown 49. Williams SP, Sigler PB
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44 Brown 100. Gregory CW, He B, Joh
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46 Plymate Table 1 Classification o
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48 Plymate In addition to the direc
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50 Plymate LABORATORY FINDINGS In p
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52 Plymate those manifesting as phe
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54 Plymate result in some improveme
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56 Plymate If both testosterone and
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58 Plymate Persistent Müllerian Du
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60 Plymate INFERTILITY RESULTING FR
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62 Plymate unaffected, contralatera
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64 Plymate SECONDARY HYPOGONADISM H
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66 Plymate Other syndromes manifest
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68 Plymate period after the burn. I
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70 Plymate These findings suggest t
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72 Plymate 49. Goebelsmann U, Horto
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74 Plymate 104. Yoshimoto Y, Moride
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76 Plymate
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78 Sutton, Amory, and Clark levels
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80 Sutton, Amory, and Clark cebo in
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82 Sutton, Amory, and Clark Finaste
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84 Sutton, Amory, and Clark through
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86 Sutton, Amory, and Clark 40. The
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88 Sutton, Amory, and Clark 88. Rob
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90 Lindzey and Korach Fig. 1. Cellu
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92 Lindzey and Korach estrogen sign
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94 Lindzey and Korach TESTIS AND DU
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96 Lindzey and Korach sufficient to
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98 Lindzey and Korach Seminal Vesic
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100 Lindzey and Korach 17. Krege JH
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102 Lindzey and Korach 68. Chang WY
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104 McPhaul on the Y chromosome det
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106 106 McPhaul
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108 McPhaul number of alleles, dele
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110 McPhaul The first mutation of t
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112 McPhaul gene. In vitro studies
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114 McPhaul risk of impaired sperma
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116 McPhaul carrying a single mutan
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118 McPhaul REFERENCES 1. Koopman P
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120 McPhaul 45. Weidemann W, Peters
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122 McPhaul 92. Koivisto P, Kononen
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124 Legro Fig. 1. The spectrum of p
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126 Legro Virilization presents wit
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128 Legro Fig. 3. The paradox of an
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130 Legro small high-density athero
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132 Legro Table 2 Syndromes or Dise
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134 Legro Insulin-Sensitizing Agent
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136 Legro is undetermined according
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138 Legro 39. Lee O, Farquhar C, To
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140 Legro
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142 Wang and Swerdloff PHARMACOLOGY
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144 Wang and Swerdloff The 17α-alk
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146 Wang and Swerdloff Table 2 Dose
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148 Wang and Swerdloff The steroid
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150 Wang and Swerdloff The inabilit
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152 Wang and Swerdloff 15. De Lorim
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154 Wang and Swerdloff
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156 Marcelli et al.
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158 Marcelli et al. Differentiated
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160 Marcelli et al. These coactivat
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162 Marcelli et al. tigators have e
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164 Marcelli et al. AR in Prostate
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166 Marcelli et al. Table 1 Androge
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168 Marcelli et al. A molecular exp
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170 Marcelli et al. The above data
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172 Marcelli et al. up to 9 yr late
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174 Marcelli et al. Three major pha
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176 Marcelli et al. vitro model of
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178 Marcelli et al. yr, survival wa
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180 Marcelli et al. 26. McKenna NJ,
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182 Marcelli et al. 78. Isaacs J, C
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184 Marcelli et al. 126. Watanabe M
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186 Marcelli et al. 177. Kousteni S
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188 Marcelli et al. 231. Colombel M
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190 Marcelli et al.
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192 Wu and von Eckardstein contrace
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194 Wu and von Eckardstein beam com
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196 Wu and von Eckardstein excess o
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198 Wu and von Eckardstein Endogeno
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Table 3 Change in Lipids in Hypogon
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Table 3 (continued) ∆LDL ∆HDL
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204 Wu and von Eckardstein THE HEMO
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206 Wu and von Eckardstein In vivo
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208 Wu and von Eckardstein (uptake
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210 Wu and von Eckardstein 4. Bhasi
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212 Wu and von Eckardstein 57. Barr
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214 Wu and von Eckardstein 107. Fra
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216 Wu and von Eckardstein 152. Zmu
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218 Wu and von Eckardstein 201. Cho
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220 Wu and von Eckardstein 250. Eic
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222 Kenny and Raisz with a cartilag
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224 Kenny and Raisz METABOLISM OF A
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226 Kenny and Raisz The level of th
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228 Kenny and Raisz REFERENCES 1. G
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230 Kenny and Raisz 51. Morishima A
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232 Kenny and Raisz 103. Snyder PJ,
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234 Basaria and Dobs losses in wome
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236 Basaria and Dobs 15 dialysis pa
Page 249 and 250: 238 Basaria and Dobs duced remissio
Page 251 and 252: 240 Basaria and Dobs hematocrit lev
Page 253 and 254: 242 Basaria and Dobs 40. Sanchez-Me
Page 255 and 256: 244 Katznelson in men with testoste
Page 257 and 258: 246 Katznelson Fig. 1. Body weight,
Page 259 and 260: 248 Katznelson change during treatm
Page 261 and 262: 250 Katznelson testosterone or free
Page 263 and 264: 252 Katznelson disproportionate dec
Page 265 and 266: 254 Katznelson have been additional
Page 267 and 268: 256 Katznelson 18. Marin P, Lonn L,
Page 269 and 270: 258 Katznelson 71. Davis SR, McClou
Page 271 and 272: 260 Bancroft Androgen Deficiency an
Page 273 and 274: 262 Bancroft studies had presented
Page 275 and 276: 264 Bancroft Bagatell et al. (36) g
Page 277 and 278: 266 Bancroft much larger group of a
Page 279 and 280: 268 Bancroft In a report of a serie
Page 281 and 282: 270 Bancroft onset was related to a
Page 283 and 284: 272 Bancroft Particularly confusing
Page 285 and 286: 274 Bancroft 4. Studies using place
Page 287 and 288: 276 Bancroft either E and T or plac
Page 289 and 290: 278 Bancroft cytotoxic therapy supp
Page 291 and 292: 280 Bancroft Women with Endocrine A
Page 293 and 294: 282 Bancroft in response to the fil
Page 295 and 296: 284 Bancroft Men are much more awar
Page 297 and 298: 286 Bancroft 22. Morales A, Johnsto
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Page 303 and 304: 292 Cherrier and Craft Fig. 1. Path
Page 305 and 306: 294 Cherrier and Craft ment of the
Page 307 and 308: 296 Cherrier and Craft information
Page 309 and 310: 298 Cherrier and Craft Fig. 3. Wech
Page 311 and 312: 300 Cherrier and Craft gen excess r
Page 313 and 314: 302 Cherrier and Craft occurring wi
Page 315 and 316: 304 Cherrier and Craft gesting that
Page 317 and 318: 306 Cherrier and Craft 39. Gouchie
Page 319 and 320: 308 Cherrier and Craft 94. Kelso WM
Page 321 and 322: 310 Cherrier and Craft
Page 323 and 324: 312 Matsumoto
Page 325 and 326: 314 Matsumoto long-term benefits an
Page 327 and 328: 316 Matsumoto manifestations (7). F
Page 329 and 330: 318 Formulation Usual adult dosage
Page 331 and 332: 320 Matsumoto Fig. 1. Mean serum T
Page 333 and 334: 322 Matsumoto dosage is increased g
Page 335 and 336: 324 Matsumoto Androgel 5 g (50 mg o
Page 337 and 338: 326 Matsumoto gen receptor and tiss
Page 339 and 340: 328 Matsumoto such as hepatic cirrh
Page 341 and 342: 330 Matsumoto occasionally, more se
Page 343 and 344: 332 Matsumoto 27. Bhasin S, Bremner
Page 345 and 346: 334 Matsumoto 77. Dobs AS, Meikle A
Page 347 and 348: 336 Richmond and Rogol PHYSIOLOGY O
Page 349 and 350: 338 Richmond and Rogol activity (28
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340 Richmond and Rogol increase lin
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342 Richmond and Rogol curve, the h
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344 Richmond and Rogol Permanent hy
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346 Richmond and Rogol 46. Stanhope
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348 Tenover In aging men, the combi
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350 Tenover Table 1 Changes in Andr
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352 Tenover studies in which eugona
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354 Tenover Table 3 Testosterone Th
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356 Tenover Table 5 ART in Older Me
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358 Tenover be overcome with either
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360 Tenover Laboratory tests should
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362 Tenover 40. Kohrt WM, Malley MT
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364 Tenover 95. Mooradian AD, Morle
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366 Davis Table 1 Proposed Androgen
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368 Davis transdermal testosterone
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370 Davis increase in circulating t
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372 Davis (93). Most recently, Zhou
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374 Davis Table 4 Androgen Replacem
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376 Davis 8. Vierhapper H, Nowotny
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378 Davis 60. Simberg N, Titinen A,
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380 Davis
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382 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer h
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384 Table 2 Effects of Testosterone
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386 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer e
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388 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer F
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390 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer t
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Table 3 Effects of Testosterone Sup
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Table 4 Effects of Testosterone Sup
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396 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer c
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398 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer C
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400 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer w
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402 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer 4
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404 Bhasin, Woodhouse, and Storer
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406 Amory Fig. 1. The endocrinology
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408 Amory pregnancies fathered by t
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410 Amory antagonists can suppress
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412 Amory 100-mg doses of weekly TE
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414 Amory FUTURE DIRECTIONS Given t
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416 Amory 22. Oral contraception. I
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418 Amory
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420 Anawalt inadequate androgen eff
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422 Anawalt few specialty commercia
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424 Anawalt Fig. 1. (C) Secondary h
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426 Anawalt Fig. 2. Evaluation and
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428 Anawalt All men with secondary
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430 Anawalt anemia (38). With the a
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432 Anawalt osterone levels achieve
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434 Anawalt SIDE EFFECTS OF ANDROGE
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436 Anawalt 7. Rosner W. Errors in
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438 Anawalt 59. Mackey MA, Conway A
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440 Index polycystic ovaries, 131 A
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442 Index lipoid congenital adrenal
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444 Index women, 254 dihydrotestost
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446 Index Pituitary adenoma, male h
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448 Index lipoid congenital adrenal
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