YOUR SCHOLARSHIP IN EUROPE

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166 Your Scholarship in Europe 2008-2009 United Kingdom BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE UNITED KINGDOM The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is located off the north-western coast of Europe between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. It is separated from the continent by the Strait of Dover and the English Channel, and from Ireland, or the Republic of Ireland, by the Irish Sea and St. Georges Channel. The United Kingdom comprises four constituents: England, Wales and Scotland, which form Great Britain, as well as Northern Ireland and several island groups. The United Kingdom has a population of approximately 60 million people. The offi cial language is English, although Welsh and Gaelic are spoken by minorities in Wales and the Scottish Highlands, respectively. The capital of the country is London. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of state is Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. There is no written constitution in the British system, but the Constitution refers to the Crown, succession to the Crown, the UK Parliament, and the Union of Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland. THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Higher education in the United Kingdom is provided by three main types of institutions: universities, colleges and higher educational institutions, and art and music colleges. The binary line separating universities and polytechnics was abolished and polytechnics have been given university status and acquired university titles. Most universities are divided into faculties, which may be sub-divided into departments. Students have to pay tuition fees, which can differ depending on whether the student is a resident of the European Union or from a non-European country. University level fi rst stage: Undergraduate stage This stage lasts for three or four years and leads to a Bachelors degree in the arts, science or other fi elds (technology, law, engineering, etc.). In some universities and colleges of higher education, a two-year course leads to a Diploma in Higher Education (DipHE). This is a recognised qualifi cation in its own right. In some universities, students must follow a foundation course before embarking on a course leading to a Bachelors degree. Students of foreign languages are usually required to study or work for an additional year in the country of the target language. Sandwich courses generally involve an additional year's work experience. Some institutions have introduced accelerated two-year degrees requiring students to study during the normal vacation period. University level second stage: Masters degree A Masters degree is conferred after one or two years' study following a Bachelors degree. Study is in a specialised fi eld. In some cases, the degree is awarded after taking
only a written examination, but candidates must usually submit a thesis. Some Masters degree courses (e.g. at Imperial College, London) fi rst award Bachelors degrees after four to fi ve years of study. In such cases, the bachelor's programme is included in the course. University level third stage: Master of Philosophy, Doctor of Philosophy or PhD The third stage is one of pure research. At a university, it leads, after two years of additional study and the successful presentation of a thesis, to a Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degree. Usually after three years' further study beyond a Masters degree, the candidate may present a thesis for a Doctorate of Philosophy (D.Phil. or Ph.D.). University level fourth stage: Post-doctorate research The next stage leads to higher doctorates which may be awarded by a university in law, humanities, science, medical sciences, music and theology after a candidate, usually a senior university teacher, has submitted a number of learned, usually published, works. SCHOLARSHIPS UK government departments and the devolved administrations of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, plus a number of other UK organisations, offer a variety of scholarships and other awards to help foreign students study in the UK. You can consult your local British Council Offi ce, which will provide you with information about UK award schemes. The UK Education website, established by the British 167
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А COMPREHENSIVE GUIDEBOOK OF SCHOL
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А COMPREHENSIVE GUIDEBOOK OF SCHOL
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DEAR FRIENDS, Your Scholarship in E
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Your Scholarship in Europe 2008-200
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lished to manage all grants for for
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egions, granting them the opportuni
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scientifi c assets were made autono
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University level second stage: Afte
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WHERE CAN I FIND MORE INFORMATION?
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gramme must include one or two of t
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Your Европейские Scholar
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The postgraduate research degree is
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There are 29 polytechnics under the
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HOW TO APPLY? Your Scholarship in E
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foreign students do not pay the act
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Your Европейские Scholar
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COLLEGES OF ART AND MUSIC The educa
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Scholarships from the Greek Ministr
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SCHOLARSHIPS ARE OFFERED UNDER THE
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Most universities run according to
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THE NON-UNIVERSITY SECTOR The non-u
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• • • • • • • • You
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SCHOLARSHIPS The Latvian higher edu
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course, a doctoral thesis must be p
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ter programmes at the university in
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Masters degree. Ph.D. candidates ar
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YOUR SCHOLARSHIP IN EUROPE

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