YOUR SCHOLARSHIP IN EUROPE

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72 Your Scholarship in Europe 2008-2009 Germany BASIC <strong>IN</strong>FORMATION ABOUT GERMANY Germany is located in North Central Europe, on the Great North European Plain. It is bound by Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland and Switzerland. The capital of the country is Berlin. The population (82.5 million in 2005) is almost entirely Germanic with Germans accounting for 94.4%. Ethnic minorities include Danes, Greeks, Italians, Serbs, Slovaks, Spanish, and Turks. Germany is a federal republic. Its federal government is based in Berlin. The Federal Government consists of the Federal Chancellor and the Cabinet of Federal Ministers. The Federal President has mostly ceremonial duties. In addition, there are sixteen state governments and thousands of local government communes. Each state has its own constitution and a state parliament. THE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM Germany has a long tradition in education, science and research. There are 337 higher educational institutions located throughout Germany. Those interested in studying in Germany can choose between universities and university-status institutions, such as the technical universities, the universities of applied sciences (Fachhochschulen), or the colleges of art, music and fi lm. All state higher educational institutions are open to students of all nations. THE UNIVERSITY German universities are not merely institutions which provide education and training, they are invariably also the places at which independent, pure and applied research is pursued. University departments offer the following study courses: medicine, science, engineering, arts and humanities, law, theology, economics and social sciences, and agriculture and forestry. TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES Originally, and as the name implies, technical universities restricted their teaching to technical and engineering disciplines. However, over the years, they have developed into more comprehensive higher educational institutions. Hence, students can now also take arts and humanities degree courses at technical universities. Nevertheless, the focus of their activities continues to be directed towards engineering and science. UNIVERSITIES OF APPLIED SCIENCES (FACHHOCHSCHULE) Students are increasingly taking courses at any of Germany’s universities of applied sciences, particularly since the programmes are shorter and have a more practical focus than in university courses with their greater research orientation.
COLLEGES OF ART AND MUSIC The education and training provided by colleges of art and music in Germany aim to prepare students for careers as professional artists or musicians, as well as teachers in artistic subjects. Courses at a college of music or art differ substantially from those at a university. OTHER UNIVERSITY STATUS <strong>IN</strong>STITUTIONS Apart from the above-mentioned higher educational institutions, Germany also has colleges of education at which teachers are trained for primary schools, lower secondary schools, special needs schools, and, in some cases, standard secondary schools and lower grammar school classes. In general, however, teacher training has been integrated into the university structure. University level fi rst stage: Grundstudium Stage I, or basic studies (Grundstudium), usually lasting four semesters (2 academic years) at universities, culminates in an intermediate examination (Diplom-Vorprüfung, Zwischenprüfung). This examination qualifi es the student to continue in Stage II (Hauptstudium). A degree is not awarded. Since 1998, a basic higher education degree, the Bachelor (or Baccalaureatus) has been introduced in general universities and universities of applied sciences requiring a minimum of three years' study (maximum four years). It normally leads to a career. University level second stage: Hauptstudium Stage II consists of more advanced studies (Hauptstudium) leading to a fi nal degree examination. The Hauptstudium usually lasts for fi ve more semesters and leads to a Di- 73
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А COMPREHENSIVE GUIDEBOOK OF SCHOL
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А COMPREHENSIVE GUIDEBOOK OF SCHOL
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DEAR FRIENDS, Your Scholarship in E
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Your Scholarship in Europe 2008-200
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tions. Candidates should hold a Mes
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ORGANISATION OF THE ACADEMIC YEAR T
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WHERE CAN I FIND MORE INFORMATION?
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SCHOLARSHIPS Russian citizens are e
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• • Your Scholarship in Europe
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University level third stage: Acade
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SCHOLARSHIP Your Scholarship in Eur
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although not offi cially recognised
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years' full-time study beyond compl
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only a written examination, but can
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EU& RUSSIA UPDATE NEWSLETTER OF THE
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