Vermiculture in Egypt: - FAO - Regional Office for the Near East and

consisting of the Egyptian Bureau and the Egyptian Council for Clean
Development Mechanism.
3- Ministry of Electricity and Energy: establishment several projects in the field
of New and Renewable Energy (Wind - Solar - Hydro - Bio), and encouraging
Energy Efficiency Projects .
4- Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs: establishing guiding schemes for
private sector to encourage investments in the field of clean energy projects,
waste recycling, and afforestation .
5- Maximizing the benefit from Kyoto Protocol Mechanisms through
implementing Clean Development Mechanism Projects .
In addition to the State's concern in maximizing the benefit from Kyoto Protocol
Mechanisms, especially Clean Development Mechanism, it established the
Egyptian Designated National Authority for Clean Development Mechanism
(DNA-CDM), instantly after ratifying the protocol and its entrance into force in
2005. The DNA has achieved tangible progress in several sectors, 36 projects
have been approved within the framework of the Mechanism. This is including the
sectors of: New and Renewable Energy, Industry, Waste Recycling, Afforestation,
Energy Efficiency, and Fuel Switching to Natural Gas. This is for an estimated
total cost of 1200 Million US Dollar. These projects are considered as a source for
attracting foreign investments, providing employment opportunities, and
contributing in the implementation of Sustainable Development plans in Egypt.
8.4. The national regulatory framework
The law number 4 of 1994 and its executive regulation contain the national policy and
regulatory framework governing the growth and competitiveness of the agro residue
based biomass sector. In the protection of air environment from pollution section
article (36) said that in carrying out their activities, establishments subject to the
provisions of this law are held to ensure that emissions or leakages of air pollutants do
not exceed the maximum limits permitted and Article (38) Concern about dump, treat
or burn garbage and solid waste, while Article (42) talk about the consideration which
should be given by the competent bodies, according to their activities, when burning
any type of fuel or other substance, and the Precautions, Permissible limits, and
Specification of Chimneys While Article (45)Talk about the necessary precautions
and procedures laid down by the Ministry of Manpower and Employment to prevent
the leakage or emission of air pollutants inside the work. Annex I contain the
executive regulation of law number 4 of 1994 which governing the growth and
competitiveness of the agro residue based biomass sector.
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