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B. Septa appearing normal in ephebic state.
4. Corallites united only basally. Corallum plocoid to dendroid ... .. .... .... . ... ... Tubastraea
5. Corall ites united nearly to their summits, separated by extensive coenenchyme. Corallum plocoid .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Turbinaria
Genus Balanopbyllia SEARLES WOOD , 1844
Ty pes p e c i e s: Balanopbyllia calyclIllIs SEARLES WOOD , 1834.
G e n e ric c h a r act e r s; Solitary, rarely with buds, fixed ; trochoid, cornuate, pedunculate or with a
broad base. Wall porous. Costae correspond to septa. Septa undergo fusion according to POURTALES
plan. Columella spongy, projecting or level.
Three species of Balanophyllia, viz . B. rediviva MOSELEY, B. gemmifera KLUNZINGER and B. diffusa
HARRISON & POOLE were formerly recorded from Red Sea . We add a fourth , which we designate with
some hesitation as B. cumingii MI LNE EDWARDS & HAIME.
Synopsis of the species of Balanophyllia known from Red Sea ;
1. Corallites solitary, occasionally with buds. Calyx 8 to 11 mm in diameter, depth about 6 to 8 mm .
Septa in four complete cycles with an incomplete fifth . Columella elongated, about 5 mm long.
Epitheca present .. .. .. . .................. .... .. . ...................... . . . B. rediviva
2. Corallites solitary or in clusters, about 20 mm high , with external buds. Calyx 4 to 6 mm, up to
8 mm in diameter; depth about equivalent to the diameter. Septa in four complete cycles. Major
septa thicker and exsert. ColumeLla small. Epitheca present. .................. ... B. gemmifera
3. Corallites solitary or in clusters, about 20 to 30 mm high , with external buds. Calyx elliptical, 13 by
10 mm, up to 18 by 15 mm; depth less than half the diameter. Septa in five cycles, first two cycles
equal and somewhat exsert. Columella well developed, spongy, often extending between the septa of
the first two cycles. Epitheca absent ....... . .................... . .... . . .. . .. ... B. diffusa
4. Corallites in small colonies, about 20 mm high. Calyces elliptical, about 17 by 13 mm in diameter;
depth more than half the diameter. Septa in five cycles, the fifth incomplete ........ cf B. cumingii
8alanopbyllia
redwroQ
Balanophyllia rediviva MOSELEY, 1881
1881. MOSELEY, 193 ; pI. 15/ 10- 12 (Type locality: Kei Island).
1906a. v. MARENZELLER. 14; pI. 21 1. lao
1922a, v. d, HORST. 111.
MARENZELLER (J 906a) has recorded this species from the deep waters (490 and 900 m , Stat. 179
and 76 resp .) of the northern Red Sea. We have no specimen in our collection.
Di s t rib uti 0 n ; Red Sea; East Indies.
Balanophyllia gemmifera ](LUNZINGER, 1879
(Plate 38, Figs.. 5- 1)
BalJmopbylfiD gemmifera 1879. KLUNZINGER 2,55; pis. 8/8a-c; 1011 la-d (Type locality: Koscir , Red Su; type
species No. 2141 in Berlin Mu~um ) .
1906. v. MARENZELLER. 74.
1926, v. d. HORST, SO; pI. 3/8 , 9.
1971, LOVA & SLOBODKIN. 125.
1974. MERGNER & SCHUHMACHER, 265.
1980, HEAD. 153 . 470.
Corallites solitary or in small clusters formed by several individuals, often with buds at the side. Total
height up to 20 mm. Corallites narrower at the base than at the top. Calices rounded or oval , larger ones
up to 8 mm in diameter, very deep. Septa in four complete cycles with a few septa of the fifth cycle.