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reach the centre of the disc . A scar of attachment is not always visible. The first two cycles of septa stand
very high around the axial fossa . Septal edges minutely toothed, sides with granules arranged in transverse
rows.
Distribution : Red Sea; Ceylon ; Tuticorin (PIll.AI, 1972); Andamans, icobars; Mergui Archi·
pelago; East Indies; China Sea; Philippines; Honshu ; Palau Isis.; New Britain.
Fungia
eycioseris
Fungia
Cycloseris costulata (ORTMANN) , 1889
(Plate 17. Figs. 1- 5)
cortulata 1889. ORTMANN, S 19; pI. )4/8 (Type: locality: Ceylon).
1902. DOEDERLEIN. 81; pis. 4/2, 2.; 517 , 7 •.
1909, GARDINER. 271; pI. lS /9.
1976, PILLAI & SCHEER, 42.
1979, SCHUHMACHER, 212.
1980, VERON & PICHON. 110; figs. 175 - 177.
eyclalites 1905, GARDINER. 944 (pars); pI. 91119.
1921 , v. d. HORST. 59 (pars); pI. 2/5.
doederleini 1941 , YASE & SUGIYAMA. 77: pI. 66/ 9- 9d (non v. MARENZELLER, 1906).
We do not have this species in our collection, we could only study one specimen from Dr. SCHUH­
MACHER.
The disc is round, 48 mm in diameter, 20 mm high with an unusual thick margin . The central part is
elevated and arched around the fossa . First two cycles of septa are clearly exsert towards the fossa , also
the third cycle is still exsert. At the periphery the septa are equal. Septa of six cycles are present with
some members of the seventh. Septa of higher orders unite with those of the fifth cycle, which get
suddenly lower and rise again towards the fossa, but do not reach the former level. The dents, caused in
this manner, form a conspicuous ring with a diameter of about 32 mm. Septa of the fourth cycle stop
suddenly before reaching the fossa. Septal margins have very small irregular denticles.
Costae of the underside with very small, secondarily frosted spines are equal, distinct and laminar.
They extend as rows of granules to the centre, which is a rounded hillock of about 20 mm diameter. It
has no sharp boundary, a scar of attachment is not visible.
Mat e ria I: Gulf of Aqaba: SCHUHMACHER No. 214 (Eilat).
Dis t rib uti 0 n : Red Sea ; Mozambique; Seychelles (WIJSMA -BEST, FAURE & PICHON , 1980);
Maldives ; Ceylon; Palau Isis.; Bismarck Archipelago; Great Barrier Reef.
Remarks : YABE & SUGIYAMA (1941) felt that F. costulata DOEOERLEIN , which is in reajiry a
true Cycloseris , is not the same as F. costulata ORTMANN, 1899, and proposed a new name F. doederleini
to DOEDERLEIN 's specimens. We do not know exactly, if ORTMANN 's and DOEDERLEIN 's material belong
to a single species or not. However, it may be pointed out that the specific name doederleini, as applied
by YABE & SUGIYAMA , is preoccupied by MARENZELLER's (1906) Fungia doederleini.
Additional rem ark s on further species of Cye/oseris, reported from Red Sea:
Fungia
Cyclose,.is
Cycloseris marginata ( BOSCHMA), 1923
marginala 1923 . BOSCHMA , 141 : pis. 9/8 , 8a; 10/ 24- 26 (Type locaJiry : Paternoster Islands).
"''"8inattl 1974, SCHEER & PILLAI , H i P!. 1714.
1979, SCHUHMACHER, 210; figs. 4 (left), 21.
1980, VERON & PICHON, 118 : figs. 192 , 193.
SCHUHMACHER (J 979: 236) mentioned, besides the one we identified as C. cf erosa, four more
speci mens of this species. VERON & PICHON (\980) say that C. marginata was recorded from the Red
Sea. They surely refer to SCHUHMACHER, because no other worker has reported on this species from
Red Sea.
Fungia patella (E LLIS and SOLANDER ), 1786
Fungia patella 1902. DOEDERLEIN, 65; pIs. 1; 2; 5/ 1. 2 (sy nonymy).