Mmushi T MSc (Microbiology).pdf

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F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 100 % DCM 90:10 DCM:MEOH F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F1 F2 F3 70:30 DCM:MEOH 50:50 DCM:MEOH 30:70 DCM:MEOH 100% MEOH Fig. 3.23. TLC profiles of fractions obtained from eluting acetone extract from A. dimidiata with 100% DCM, 90:10, 70:30 50:50 30:70 and 100% MEOH. The TLC plates are indicating the phytoconstituents of the sub fractions after sprayed with vanillin-sulphuric acid. 70
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 100 % DCM 90:10 DCM:MEOH F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F1 F2 F3 70:30 DCM:MEOH 50:50 DCM:MEOH 30:70 DCM:MEOH 100% MEOH Fig. 3.24. Bioautography of fractions obtained from eluting acetone extract from A. dimidiata with 100% DCM, 90:10, 70:30 50:50 30:70 and 100% MEOH. The bioautograms are indicating the bioactive-components of the sub fractions after being sprayed with INT as white bands on pink background. 71
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SCREENING, ISOLATION AND PURIFICATI
Page 3 and 4:
DEDICATION I dedicate this work to
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Declaration
Page 7 and 8:
1.7 Microbiology and pathogenicity
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6.2.1 Preparation of 1000 ml Middle
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LIST OF FIGURES Page Fig. 1.1. The
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Fig. 3.10. Fig. 3.11. Fig. 3.12. Fi
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Fig. 3.27. Fig. 3.28. Fig. 3.29. Fi
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ABSTRACT The leaves of fifteen plan
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CHAPTER ONE 1.1 Introduction Plants
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and R. erythropolis ATCC 4277strain
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Current therapeutic applications of
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agricultural (pesticides and herbic
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Fig. 1.3. The chemical structure of
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national pharmacopoeias, published
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Snyder and Kirkland (1979) tested t
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African medicinal plants. In certai
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susceptibility is determined by the
Page 37 and 38: equal volume of sterile distilled w
Page 39 and 40: Fig. 1.6. Albizia gummifera (Lemmen
Page 41 and 42: Fig.1.9. Apodytes dimidiata (The Wo
Page 43 and 44: 1.6.7. Kirkia acuminata Kirkia acum
Page 45 and 46: Fig. 1.14. (A) Maytenus udanta and
Page 47 and 48: from East Coast Fever, and people t
Page 49 and 50: 1.7. Microbiology and pathogenicity
Page 51 and 52: indicates that essential oils can a
Page 53 and 54: Rhodococcus erythropolis is an aero
Page 55 and 56: 1.9. Aim and objectives 1.9.1. Aim
Page 57 and 58: each of the finely ground samples a
Page 59 and 60: phytochemical analysis (section 2.4
Page 61 and 62: The sub-fractions of 90:10 and 85:1
Page 63 and 64: 3.2. Phytochemical analysis of plan
Page 65 and 66: BEA EMW CEF DCM HEX ACE MET DCM HEX
Page 69 and 70: BEA EMW CEF Fig. 3.8. Chromatograms
Page 73 and 74: 3.4. Minimum inhibitory concentrati
Page 75 and 76: Table 3.2.Average MIC (mg/ml) and t
Page 77 and 78: BEA EMW CEF HEX DCM ACE MET HEX DCM
Page 83 and 84: BEA EMW CEF Fig. 3.19. Bioautograms
Page 85 and 86: BEA EMW CEF . Fig. 3.21. Bioautogra
Page 87: Of the two solvent systems used fro
Page 91 and 92: F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F1 F2
Page 93 and 94: Fig. 3.28. TLC profile showing the
Page 95 and 96: Fig. 3.30. TLC profile of fractions
Page 97 and 98: Fig. 3.32. TLC profile of pooled su
Page 99 and 100: Fig. 3.34. 1 H NMR spectra of compo
Page 105 and 106: Fig. 3.40. 13 C NMR spectra of comp
Page 111 and 112: CHAPTER FOUR DISCUSSION Tuberculosi
Page 113 and 114: e that active compounds may be in v
Page 115 and 116: this plant. However, as can be seen
Page 117 and 118: Britton, G. 1991, Methods in Plant
Page 119 and 120: Eloff, J.N. 1999a. Which extractant
Page 121 and 122: Harborne, J.B., and Williams, C.A.
Page 123 and 124: Kemper, K.J. 1999. Longwood Herbal
Page 125 and 126: Middleton, E., Chithan, K. 1993. Th
Page 127 and 128: Pretorius, S.J., Joubert, P.H., Sco
Page 129 and 130: Van der Geize R., and Dijkhuizen, L
Page 131 and 132: CHAPTER SIX APPENDICES 6.1. Appendi
Page 133 and 134: 121 o C and 1 atm. For preparation
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