user's manual for corhyd: an internal diffuser hydraulics model - IfH

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Fig. 37: Side view and cross section of a constructional design alternative for the Ipanema outfall with a tunneled diffuser pipe, long risers and rosette like port arrangements. Institut für Hydromechanik, Universität Karlsruhe 65
Fig. 38: Flow characteristics for: Left: tapered tunneled diffuser with long riser and rosette like port arrangements, right: tapered tunneled diffuser with long risers, both for design flow Q d = 8 m³/s. Top-down: Individual riser flow distribution along diffuser, riser flow deviation from mean, losses in port/riser configurations (line), port and jet discharge velocities and diffuser pipe velocities, port and diffuser diameter (lines) a ) Duckbill valves - variable area orifices Existing diffusers may also be modified by attaching variable area orifices (Duckbill valves, DBV) to avoid intrusion of saltwater, debris or sediment as well as to make the discharge distribution more homogeneous during low flows. Fig. 39 shows a time-series run for a system with duckbill valves compared to a system without. Improvements of the discharge profile are especially seen for low flows, which is even more effective for sloped diffusers. Beside the additional costs for Duckbill valves also an increased total head has to be considered (11 % increase compared to same system without duckbills and 14 % compared to basecase). Institut für Hydromechanik, Universität Karlsruhe 66
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Universität Karlsruhe Institut fü
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Acknowledgments The authors like to
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10.1 Local loss formulations: Divis
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1 Introduction CorHyd is a computer
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Fig. 1: Outfall configuration showi
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where j 0 denotes the buoyancy flux
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2.4 Manifold processes Pipe hydraul
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Fig. 8: Local port/riser branch los
Page 17 and 18: Table 2: Local loss formulations Ty
Page 19 and 20: Gradual contraction (Idelchik 1986)
Page 21 and 22: Where H denotes the headloss, V duc
Page 23 and 24: Table 3: Equivalent sand roughness
Page 25 and 26: Institut für Hydromechanik, Univer
Page 27 and 28: For a constant sea water level and
Page 29 and 30: (16) solved for r in (15) and assum
Page 31 and 32: 3.1.4 Automatic implementation of l
Page 33 and 34: elevation difference between diffus
Page 35 and 36: The iteration stops if the differen
Page 37 and 38: Table 4: CorHyd subroutines and the
Page 39 and 40: 4 Data Input Input can either be do
Page 41 and 42: (ρ 0,max > ρ 0 ). Further sensiti
Page 43 and 44: should allow for riser velocities,
Page 45 and 46: Fig. 19: First input sub-window for
Page 47 and 48: 10 7050.000 0.000 -2.500 11 7000.00
Page 49 and 50: Fig. 22: Graphical output: Energy a
Page 51 and 52: given dilution requirements and maj
Page 53 and 54: 6.3 Off design conditions It was co
Page 55 and 56: Table 5: Sensitivity of involved pa
Page 57 and 58: Fig. 24: Side view and cross sectio
Page 59 and 60: Fig. 27: Flow characteristics for d
Page 61 and 62: under different flow conditions. Th
Page 63 and 64: Fig. 32: Side view and cross sectio
Page 65 and 66: Fig. 34: Flow characteristics for:
Page 67: Fig. 36: Flow characteristics for:
Page 71 and 72: Table 6: Comparison of construction
Page 73 and 74: seaward end, which can be prevented
Page 75 and 76: Especially for this long diffuser a
Page 77 and 78: Jirka, G.H., Doneker, R.L. and Hint
Page 79 and 80: 10 Annex 10.1 Local loss formulatio
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