The trafficking of children for purposes of sexual exploitation

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For these purposes, State Parties shall in particular take all appropriate national, bilateral and multinational measures to prevent: a. The inducement or coercion of a child to engage in any unlawful sexual activity; b. The exploitative use of children in prostitution or other unlawful sexual practices; c. The exploitative use of children in pornographic performances and materials. Article 35 State Parties shall take all appropriate national, bilateral, and multilateral measures to prevent the abduction of or the sale of or traffic in children for any purpose or in any form. Article 37 (a) State Parties shall ensure that: a. No child shall be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. Neither capital punishment nor life imprisonment without the possibility of release shall be imposed for offences committed by persons below eighteen years of age; Article 37(c) Every child deprived of liberty shall be treated with humanity and respect for the inherent dignity of the human person, and in a manner which takes into account the needs of persons of his or her age. In particular, every child deprived of liberty shall be separated from adults unless it is considered in the child's best interests not to do so and shall have the right to maintain contact with his or her family through correspondence and visits, save in exceptional circumstances. Article 37(d) Every child deprived of his or her liberty shall have the right to prompt access to legal and other appropriate assistance, as well as the right to challenge the legality of the deprivation of his or her liberty before a court or other competent authority and to a prompt decision on any such action. Article 39 State Parties shall take all appropriate measures to promote physical and psychological recovery and social reintegration of a child victim of: any form of neglect, exploitation, or abuse, torture or any other form of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; or armed conflicts. Such recovery and reintegration shall take place in an environment, which fosters the health, self-respect and dignity of the child. 99
Appendix 3: African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child The charter was developed in response to certain shortcomings in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. South Africa has signed the charter. Articles relevant to the prostitution and traffic of children are: Article 16: Protection Against Child Abuse and Torture 1. States Parties to the present Charter shall take specific legislative, administrative, social and educational measures to protect the child from all forms of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment and especially physical or mental injury or abuse, neglect or maltreatment including sexual abuse, while in the care of the child. 2. Protective measures under this Article shall include effective procedures for the establishment of special monitoring units to provide necessary support for the child and for those who have the care of the child, as well as other forms of prevention and for identification, reporting, referral, investigation and follow up of instances of child abuse and neglect. Article 20: Parental Responsibilities 1. Parents or other persons responsible for the child shall have the primary responsibility of the upbringing and development of the child and shall have the duty: (a) to ensure that the best interest are their basic concern at all times (b) to ensure, within their abilities and financial capacities, conditions of living necessary to the child's development; and (c) to ensure that domestic discipline is administered with humanity and in a manner consistent with the inherent dignity of the child. 2. State Parties to the present Charter shall in accordance with their means and national conditions institute the all appropriate measures (a) To assist parents and others responsible for the child and in case of need provide material assistance and support programmes particularly with regard to nutrition, health education, clothing and housing (b) rearing and ensure the development of institutions responsible for providing care of children: and (c) To ensure that the children of working parents are provided with care services and facilities. Article 21: Protection against Harmful Social and Cultural Practices 1. States Parties to the present Charter take all appropriate measures to eliminate harmful social and cultural practices affecting the welfare, dignity normal growth and development of the child and in particular: (a) those customs and practices prejudicial to the health or life of the child; and (b) those customs and practices discriminatory to the child on the grounds of sex or other status. 2. Child marriage and the betrothal of girls and boys shall be prohibited and effective action, including legislation, shall be taken to specify the minimum age of marriage to be 18 years and make registration of all marriages in an official registry compulsory. Article 27: Sexual Exploitation States Parties to the present Charter shall undertake to protect the child from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse and in particular take measures to prevent: (a) the inducement, coercion or encouragement of a child to engage in any sexual activity (b) the use of children in prostitution or other sexual practices (c) the use of children in pornographic activities, performances and materials. Article 29: Sale, Trafficking and Abduction 100
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The Trafficking of Children for Pur
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Acknowledgments This report was res
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Contents Page About Molo Songololo
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5.4 Punishment and resistance 59 5.
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Executive summary This research rep
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Moçambique and Angola involves bot
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Children. The Norwegian Justice Min
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Chapter 1 Motivations of the resear
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2. Ensure a reduction in the incide
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Box 1: Glossary of terms Trafficker
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3. Terminology The terms, "the chil
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4. Design and Method 4.1. Aims and
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m) A review of the following releva
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to emphasise the immediate need for
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countries to ensure that measures a
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Actors/dancers/singers wanted. Expe
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Chapter 4 Factors and trends with r
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Mpumalanga 7 3 18 12 North West Pro
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According to a sex worker the effec
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Here individual traits and problems
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• Men from the Northern Suburbs o
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Alleged police involvement and corr
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Map 2: Some indications of local tr
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• An increase in unemployment •
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Johannesburg. Needless to say, once
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Map 3: Cross-border trafficking of
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Chapter 6 The role of gangs in the
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gangs in their own right. 135 These
Page 58 and 59: Little is known about the gang lead
Page 60 and 61: • All had been physically and sex
Page 62 and 63: Original transcripts of selected te
Page 64 and 65: Abduction 3: Alicia's story Origina
Page 66 and 67: Any act seen as resistance or a cha
Page 68 and 69: Referred to as " besagheid" or "wer
Page 70 and 71: Lucia gets away: as told by Jenny T
Page 72 and 73: Table 6: Girls in the gang intervie
Page 74 and 75: During the course of the twentieth
Page 76 and 77: States Parties undertake to protect
Page 78 and 79: Article 3 states that: State Partie
Page 80 and 81: Article 7 places an obligation on s
Page 82 and 83: constitutive elements related to of
Page 84 and 85: the appropriate authorities, like t
Page 86 and 87: whoa) permits, procures or attempts
Page 88 and 89: foreign nationals to come to this c
Page 90 and 91: This Act provides for a broad defin
Page 92 and 93: • Films and Publication Act, No 6
Page 94 and 95: 2) The Children's Court may order t
Page 96 and 97: espect to restorative justice this
Page 98 and 99: process to manage the problem in So
Page 100 and 101: Legal Instruments South African Leg
Page 102 and 103: "Zunaid". Ek het, was die enigste e
Page 104 and 105: Ons gee vir hulle pak. - Belinda 5.
Page 106 and 107: man sê toe nou vir my ek moet eers
Page 110 and 111: States Parties to the present Chart
Page 112 and 113: 9. The commercial sexual exploitati
Page 114 and 115: esponsible sexual attitudes and beh
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The trafficking of children for purposes of sexual exploitation

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