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Malaysia and Thailand. He notes that these websites are structurally different from the popular Arabic language jihadi sites. The Arabic sites often use interactive web forums where individuals post and reply to messages. The Southeast Asian websites are either professional looking information providers or amateurish blogs. Brachman also notes that much of the material available is translated from English language jihadi sites rather the popular online Arabic forums. This shows great diversity in capability and a counterintuitive source of inspiration amongst jihadis in Southeast Asia. 11
The Current and Emerging Extremist Threat in Malaysia Rohan Gunaratna Introduction Unlike those from most Southeast Asian countries, Malaysian Muslims become vulnerable to extremist ideologies due to international compulsions, rather than domestic grievances. Muslims in Malaysia are galvanized by the perception that Muslims are persecuted in southern Thailand, the southern Philippines, and eastern Indonesia as well as areas outside the Southeast Asia such as Palestine, Lebanon, Chechnya, Afghanistan, Iraq, and other conflict zones. Due to a deep sense of loyalty to their country, Malysian extremists are reluctant to mount attacks in Malaysia. However, their deep anger over the plight of Muslims around the world motivates a number of Malaysians to provide moral, logistical, and financial support to Islamic extremist groups, and some have even been willing to carry out terrorist attacks outside of Malaysia. Over the past decade, the primary threat groups operating in Malaysia – including al-Qa’ida, al-Jama’a al-Islamiyya (JI), Darul Islam (DI), and Kumpulan Militan Malaysia (KMM) – have been formally dismantled. Nonetheless, some members, sympathizers, and supporters have organized themselves into cells or linked up with other extremist groups. At the same time, a new generation of Malaysian radicals is being groomed both at home and abroad. Groups espousing radical ideologies such as Hizbut Tahrir remain active in Malaysia. Like the Indonesian government, the Malaysian government is reluctant to outlaw such “conveyer belt” groups not directly linked to violence, but espouse radical perspectives that may help to justify violence. Furthermore, a sizeable number of radical foreign ideologues, preachers, and financiers from the region and beyond continue to visit Malaysia, and a few hundred Malaysian students are studying in radical madaris in Indonesia, Pakistan, and elsewhere. Given the threat that Malaysia poses as a source of support for foreign extremists and operatives willing to engage in violence in neighboring countries, this chapter explores Malaysia’s relationship with Islamist extremism over the past three decades and how it will continue in the near future. The piece demonstrates that while Malaysia represents a model for Southeast Asian countries in terms of combating the operational threat posed by Islamic extremists, the country must remain vigilant against an ongoing threat of ideological extremism. 12
Page 1 and 2: THE COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER AT W
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents Preface 3 The Lan
Page 5 and 6: The Landscape of Jihadism in Southe
Page 7 and 8: nationalist aims rather than a glob
Page 9 and 10: Extremist Islam in Malaysia is a re
Page 11: The first article, by Rohan Gunarat
Page 15 and 16: Mecca in 1979, the continuing Arab-
Page 17 and 18: answers to such questions as: Who s
Page 19 and 20: in 1999 by the son of the leader of
Page 21 and 22: Indonesian friends some of who I ca
Page 23 and 24: 2. Al-Qa’ida Although JI is clear
Page 25 and 26: In addition to the crackdown on the
Page 27 and 28: - Transcriptions of audio speeches
Page 29 and 30: that his teachers had a cut-and-pas
Page 31 and 32: The historical development of Jihad
Page 33 and 34: Ramadan fast observance, and attend
Page 35 and 36: exponentially, quickly claiming ove
Page 37 and 38: declare the Hezbollah controlled ar
Page 39 and 40: Ja’far Umar Thalib, erstwhile lea
Page 41 and 42: founder, Abu Bakar Ba’asyir, whos
Page 43 and 44: it made a bloody intervention in Ja
Page 45 and 46: their time learning how to shoot fi
Page 47 and 48: died in 1999, Ba’asyir lacks conv
Page 49 and 50: survey report, entitled “Attitude
Page 51 and 52: Jihadi Publishing in Indonesia Publ
Page 53 and 54: Ladin who was killed by the Saudi a
Page 55 and 56: The Influence of Transnational Jiha
Page 57 and 58: there, he met Usama bin Ladin and b
Page 59 and 60: supporters among the Muslim populat
Page 61 and 62: will guide them and admit them to P
Page 63 and 64:
Yousef’s arrest in the Philippine
Page 65 and 66:
RSM’s Ideology RSM’s jihadist i
Page 67 and 68:
will be granted seven special favor
Page 69 and 70:
ay, and in the long run, to rid the
Page 71 and 72:
nature of their political goals but
Page 73 and 74:
motivation. 66 Moreover, without a
Page 75 and 76:
Ideology, Religion, and Mobilizatio
Page 77 and 78:
degrees of autonomy despite being f
Page 79 and 80:
General Wattanachai Chaaimuanwong,
Page 81 and 82:
liberationist ideology are invited
Page 83 and 84:
Interestingly, even when the notion
Page 85 and 86:
ensure that you deal with them in a
Page 87 and 88:
uncovered a controversial manuscrip
Page 89 and 90:
legislative elements of the Patani
Page 91 and 92:
Buddhist colonialism supported by t
Page 93 and 94:
eligious referents to the ongoing c
Page 95 and 96:
Conclusion Given the increasingly p
Page 97 and 98:
Southeast Asia. The raw number of u
Page 99 and 100:
operating through websites. This ob
Page 101 and 102:
language jihadist websites, which h
Page 103 and 104:
sending representatives to make the
Page 105 and 106:
group named Al-Qiyadah al-Islamiyah
Page 107 and 108:
Al-Muhajirun (http://www.almuhajiru
Page 109 and 110:
other. The former are busy pursuing
Page 111 and 112:
al-Qa’ida’s High-Command, Abdal
Page 113 and 114:
on current events, new al-Qa’ida
Page 115 and 116:
Viewing the Southeast Asian jihadis
Page 117:
Germany, the United Kingdom, China,
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